Search results for " Calibration"
showing 10 items of 148 documents
Electron and photon performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2015-2017 LHC proton-proton collision data
2019
This paper describes the reconstruction of electrons and photons with the ATLAS detector, employed for measurements and searches exploiting the complete LHC Run 2 dataset. An improved energy clustering algorithm is introduced, and its implications for the measurement and identification of prompt electrons and photons are discussed in detail. Corrections and calibrations that affect performance, including energy calibration, identification and isolation efficiencies, and the measurement of the charge of reconstructed electron candidates are determined using up to 81 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data collected at √s=13 TeV between 2015 and 2017.
A statistical approach for calibrating a microsimulation model for freeways
2014
In this paper the calibration of a traffic microsimulation model based on speed-density relationships is presented. Hypothesis test was applied in the calibration process to measure the closeness between empirical data and simulation outputs and determine whether the difference between (observed and simulated) speed-density relationships was statistically significant. Statistical regressions between the variables of traffic flow were developed by using traffic data observed at the A22 Brenner Freeway, Italy. Similar relationships were obtained for a test freeway segment in uncongested conditions of traffic flow by using the Aimsun microscopic simulator; thus on field conditions were reprodu…
Astronomical dating of two Pliocene alkaline volcanic ash layers in the Capo Rossello area (southern Sicily, Italy): implications for the beginning o…
2009
Key-words. - Sicily Channel rift, Biostratigraphy, Astronomical calibration, Pliocene, Volcanic ash layers. Abstract. - Two volcaniclastic ash layers (AL1 and AL2) are intercalated throughout the middle Pliocene sedimentary sequences of Punta Piccola and Capo Rossello exposed along the south coast of Sicily (Italy). Astronomical calibration of the Punta Piccola section provided an age of 2.676 Ma for the deposition of the AL1 layer. The high-resolution bio-cyclostratigraphy of the Capo Rossello section, in combination with detailed correlations with previously astrono- mically calibrated coeval sequences, provided an age of 2.225 Ma for the deposition of the AL2 layer. Mineralogical, petrog…
GEC-ESTRO ACROP recommendations on calibration and traceability of LE-LDR photon-emitting brachytherapy sources at the hospital level
2019
Prostate brachytherapy treatment using permanent implantation of low-energy (LE) low-dose rate (LDR) sources is successfully and widely applied in Europe. In addition, seeds are used in other tumour sites, such as ophthalmic tumours, implanted temporarily. The calibration issues for LE-LDR photon emitting sources are specific and different from other sources used in brachytherapy. In this report, the BRAPHYQS (BRAchytherapy PHYsics Quality assurance System) working group of GEC-ESTRO, has developed the present recommendations to assure harmonized and high-quality seed calibration in European clinics. There are practical aspects for which a clarification/procedure is needed, including aspect…
Source strength determination in iridium-192 and cobalt-60 brachytherapy : A European survey on the level of agreement between clinical measurements …
2021
Background and purpose: Brachytherapy treatment outcomes depend on the accuracy of the delivered dose distribution, which is proportional to the reference air-kerma rate (RAKR). Current societal recommendations require the medical physicist to compare the measured RAKR values to the manufacturer source calibration certificate. The purpose of this work was to report agreement observed in current clinical practice in the European Union. Materials and methods: A European survey was performed for high- and pulsed-dose-rate (HDR and PDR) highenergy sources (Ir-192 and Co-60), to quantify observed RAKR differences. Medical physicists at eighteen hospitals from eight European countries were contac…
Modelling biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal with soluble microbial products (SMP) production-degradation processes
2011
Over the last two decades, Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) are increasingly used for wastewater treatment. Mathematical modelling of MBR systems has played a key role in order to better explain the effect of their peculiarities. Indeed, several MBR models have been presented in literature in order to improve the knowledge on MBR systems: biological models, hybrid models which include soluble microbial product (SMP) modelling, physical models able to describe the membrane fouling and integrated models which couple the hybrid models with the physical ones. However, among the existing MBR models only few integrated models have been developed which take into account the existing relationship between…
Comparison of different stochastic models for urban water demand forecasting in drought conditions
2006
Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
2021
To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above $10^{16.5}$ eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 $\mathrm{m^2}$-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m$^2$ close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m$^2$ when far away, the necessary bro…
A Clustering Technique for the Parameter Estimation in Flow Pipe Network Models
1999
Initial results of the Italian project on direct georeferencing in aerial Photogrammetry
2004
The paper describes one of the first outcomes of an Italian national research Project on inertial positioning in photogrammetry. The focus of the paper is on the quality which is attainable from direct photogrammetry in an industrial production context. Even if GPS/IMU-aided photogrammetry is used rather widely, it is still useful to perform rigorous quality assessment of this method, because large and diverse case studies are necessary to prove and quantify the capability of a new methodology. Besides, it is necessary to evaluate such methodology in the ordinary operational conditions, rather than considering data acquired in a dedicated, special context. To fulfil these requirements sever…