Search results for " Cardiac"
showing 10 items of 523 documents
MicroRNA and receptor mediated signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in heart failure.
2016
Cardiac remodelling is a complex pathogenetic pathway involving genome expression, molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that cause changes in size, shape and function of the heart after cardiac injury. Areas covered: We will review recent advances in understanding the role of several receptor-mediated signaling pathways and micro-RNAs, in addition to their potential as candidate target pathways in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The myocyte is the main target cell involved in the remodelling process via ischemia, cell necrosis and apoptosis (by means of various receptor pathways), and other mechanisms mediated by micro-RNAs. We will analyze the role of some receptor mediated sig…
High prevalence of arrhythmic and myocardial complications in patients with cardiac glycogenosis due to PRKAG2 mutations
2016
International audience; AIMS: Mutations in PRKAG2, the gene encoding for the γ2 subunit of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), are responsible for an autosomal dominant glycogenosis with a cardiac presentation, associating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), ventricular pre-excitation (VPE), and progressive heart block. The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective time-to-event study of the clinical manifestations associated with PRKAG2 mutations.METHODS AND RESULTS: A cohort of 34 patients from 9 families was recruited between 2001 and 2010. DNA were sequenced on all exons and flanking sequences of the PRKAG2 gene using Sanger sequencing. Overall, four families carried the recur…
Cardiovascular disease in aging: an overview on thoracic aortic aneurysm as an emerging inflammatory disease
2017
Medial degeneration associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm and acute aortic dissection was originally described by Erdheim as a noninflammatory lesion related to the loss of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibre fragmentation in the media. Recent evidences propose the strong role of a chronic immune/inflammatory process in aneurysm evocation and progression. The coexistence of inflammatory cells with markers of apoptotic vascular cell death in the media of ascending aorta with aneurysms and type A dissections raises the possibility that activated T cells and macrophages may contribute to the elimination of smooth muscle cells and degradation of the matrix. On the other hand, several infla…
Chronically elevated branched chain amino acid levels are pro-arrhythmic.
2022
Aim. Cardiac arrhythmias comprise a major health and economic burden and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including cardiac failure, stroke and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Development of efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies is hampered by incomplete knowledge of disease mechanisms and pathways. Our aim is to identify novel mechanisms underlying cardiac arrhythmia and SCD using an unbiased approach. Methods and Results. We employed a phenotype-driven N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen and identified a mouse line with a high incidence of sudden death at young age (6-9 weeks) in the absence of prior symptoms. Affected mice were found to be homozyg…
Hypoxie et régénération cardiaque : une nouvelle approche paradoxale de la cardioprotection
2017
IF 2.331; International audience
Systematic ajmaline challenge in patients with long QT 3 syndrome caused by the most common mutation: a multicentre study
2016
Aims Overlap syndromes of long QT 3 syndrome (LQT3) and the Brugada syndrome (BrS) have been reported. Identification of patients with an overlapping phenotype is crucial before initiation of Class I antiarrhythmic drugs for LQT3. Aim of the present study was to elucidate the yield of ajmaline challenge in unmasking the Brugada phenotype in patients with LQT3 caused by the most common mutation, SCN5A-E1784K. Methods and results Consecutive families in tertiary referral centres diagnosed with LQT3 caused by SCN5A-E1784K were included in the study. Besides routine clinical work-up, ajmaline challenge was performed after informed consent. A total of 23 subjects (11 female, mean age 27 ± 14 yea…
New insights about the putative role of myokines in the context of cardiac rehabilitation and secondary cardiovascular prevention.
2017
Exercise training prevents the onset and the development of many chronic diseases, acting as an effective tool both for primary and for secondary prevention. Various mechanisms that may be the effectors of these beneficial effects have been proposed during the past decades: some of these are well recognized, others less. Muscular myokines, released during and after muscular contraction, have been proposed as key mediators of the systemic effects of the exercise. Nevertheless the availability of an impressive amount of evidence regarding the systemic effects of muscle-derived factors, few studies have examined key issues: (I) if skeletal muscle cells themselves are the main source of cytokin…
Fisioterapia en la fase de convalecencia: fase de esfuerzo
2010
Fisioterapia en la rehabilitación cardíaca: fase de convalecencia o fase II. En la sesión de entrenamiento, la fase de esfuerzo o endurecimiento pretende aumentar la capacidad funcional, la capacidad máxima de captación de oxígeno y la capacidad aeróbica máxima del paciente.
Fisioterapia en la fase de convalecencia: preparación
2010
Fisioterapia en la rehabilitación cardíaca: fase de convalecencia o fase II. Preparación del espacio y del paciente para realizar la sesión de entrenamiento.
Fisioterapia en la fase de convalecencia: enfriamiento
2010
Fisioterapia en la rehabilitación cardíaca: fase de convalecencia o fase II. La sesión de entrenamiento finaliza con la fase de enfriamiento o vuelta a la calma. Ésta pretende adaptar al paciente del esfuerzo al reposo, y evitar así respuestas tales como: la hipotensión y el mareo, y el control de posibles arritmias.