Search results for " Carl"

showing 10 items of 1737 documents

Effects of pressure, temperature and atomic exchanges on phase separation dynamics in Au/Ni(111) surface alloy: Kinetic Monte Carlo study

2015

Abstract Instability of the Au/Ni(111) surface alloy is studied in different CO gas pressure, p , and temperature limits using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. We analyze the reaction front dynamics and formation of Au clusters using the model which takes into account surface adatom pair and three-body interactions, CO adsorption and desorption, catalytic carbonyl formation reaction, Au and Ni adatom diffusion and their concerted exchange. Variation of interaction parameters allows us to identify three possible reaction front propagation limits with different pressure dependencies: (i) slow channel-like flow in agreement with experimental data [1] (step flow rate, R , increases with p ), (i…

ChemistryMechanical EngineeringDiffusionAlloyMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistryThermodynamicsengineering.materialInstabilityCatalysisVolumetric flow rateAdsorptionMechanics of MaterialsDesorptionMaterials ChemistryengineeringKinetic Monte CarloJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Fluctuations and elastic properties of lipid membranes in the gel Lβ′ state: a coarse-grained Monte Carlo study

2010

We study the stress distribution profiles and the height and thickness fluctuations of lipid membranes in the gel L-beta ' state by Monte Carlo simulations of a generic coarse-grained model for lipid membranes, which reproduces many known properties of dipalmitoylphosphatidyncholine (DPPC) bilayers. The results are related to the corresponding properties of fluid membranes, and to theoretical predictions for crystalline and hexatic membranes. One striking observation is that the spontaneous curvature of the monolayers changes sign from the fluid to the gel phase. In the gel-phase, the long-wavelength height fluctuations are suppressed, and the fluctuation spectrum is highly anisotropic. In …

ChemistryMonte Carlo methodGeneral ChemistrySoft modesCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsSurface energyQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMembranePhase (matter)MonolayerStatistical physicsAnisotropyFluctuation spectrumSoft Matter
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Assessment of a single-acquisition imaging sequence for oxygen-sensitive (3)He-MRI.

2001

MRI of the lungs using hyperpolarized helium-3 (3He) allows the determination of intrapulmonary oxygen partial pressures (pO2). The need to separate competing processes of signal loss has hitherto required two different imaging series during two different breathing maneuvers. In this work, a new imaging strategy to measure pO2 by a single series of consecutive scans is presented. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated in three healthy human volunteers. Maps and histograms of intrapulmonary pO2 are calculated. Changes in the oxygen concentration of the inhaled gas mixture are well reproduced in the histograms. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the temporal evolution of 3He hyperpolariza…

ChemistryPartial PressureMonte Carlo methodHealthy subjectschemistry.chemical_elementrespiratory systemOxygenHeliumMagnetic Resonance ImagingOxygenNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesHistogramImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLimiting oxygen concentrationComputer SimulationHyperpolarization (physics)Inhaled GasPulmonary VentilationLungMonte Carlo MethodLung functionMagnetic resonance in medicine
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Thermal effects on small para-hydrogen clusters

2010

A brief review of different quantum Monte Carlo simulations of small (p-H2)N clusters is presented. The clusters are viewed as a set of N structureless p-H2 molecules, interacting via an isotropic pairwise potential. Properties as superfluidity, magic numbers, radial structure, excitation spectra, and abundance production of (p-H2)N clusters are discussed and, whenever possible, a comparison with 4HeN droplets is presented. All together, the simulations indicate that temperature has a paradoxical effect of the properties of (p-H2)N clusters, as they are solid-like at high T and liquid-like at low T, due to quantum delocalization at the lowest temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int …

ChemistryQuantum Monte CarloIsotropyCondensed Matter PhysicsSpin isomers of hydrogenMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSuperfluidityDelocalized electronThermalMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsQuantumInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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Studies of a molecular hourglass: synthesis and magnetic characterisation of a cyclic dodecanuclear {Cr10Cu2} complex.

2006

The synthesis, structure, EPR, and magnetic studies of two dodecanuclear heterometallic cyclic clusters are reported. The compounds have the general formula [R(2)NH(2)](2)[Cr(10)Cu(2)F(14)(O(2)CCMe(3))(22)] (R=Me, 1 or iPr, 2). Both structures contain an array of metal centers which describe an approximate "hourglass", with an ammonium cation in the center of each half of the figure. The chromium sites are all six-coordinate, with the two copper sites five-coordinate. The majority of metal-metal edges are bridged by a single fluoride and two pivalate ligands, while two Cr--Cu edges are bridged by a single fluoride and a single pivalate. Magnetic studies show that 1 and 2 exhibit similar (bu…

ChemistryQuantum Monte CarloOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryRing (chemistry)Catalysislaw.inventionCrystallographyFerromagnetismAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistrylawExcited stateAntiferromagnetismGround stateElectron paramagnetic resonanceChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to a dark matter signal from the Galactic centre

2021

Full list of authors: Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Adams, C.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, R.; Alfaro, J.; Alispach, C.; Aloisio, R.; Alves Batista, R.; Amati, L.; Ambrosi, G.; Angüner, E. O.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Araudo, A.; Armstrong, T.; Arqueros, F.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y. Ashley, M.; Balazs, C.; Ballester, O.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barkov, M.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Bastieri, D.; Becerra, J.; Beck, G.; Becker Tjus, J.; Benbow, W.; Benito, M.; Berge, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Biasuzzi, B.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bonneau Arbe…

Cherenkov Telescope ArrayMATÉRIA ESCURAscale: TeVAstronomyatmosphere [Cherenkov counter]dark matter experimentDark matter theoryenergy resolutionGamma ray experimentsParticleAstrophysicscosmic background radiation01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)benchmarkWIMPHESSenergy: fluxTeV [scale]relativistic [charged particle]gamma ray experimentMAGIC (telescope)Monte CarloEvent reconstructionPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Contractionspatial distributiontrack data analysisPhysicsdensity [dark matter]ClumpyAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsimagingHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologydark matter experiments; dark matter theory; gamma ray experiments; galaxy morphologyDark matter experimentsFísica nuclearVERITASAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSimulationsnoiseWIMPAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark mattersatelliteCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAnnihilationdark matter: densityAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCherenkov counter: atmosphereheavy [dark matter]530annihilation [dark matter]GLASTDark matter experiments; Dark matter theory; Galaxy morphology; Gamma ray experimentscosmic radiation [p]0103 physical sciencesCherenkov [radiation]Candidatesddc:530AGNCherenkov radiationRadiative Processesthermal [cross section]010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicadark matter: annihilationGamma-Ray SignalsCherenkov Telescope Array ; dark matter ; Galactic Center ; TeV gamma-ray astronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsMassCherenkov Telescope Arrayradiation: CherenkovsensitivityMAGICGalaxyAstronomíadark matter: heavygamma rayp: cosmic radiation[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]correlationcharged particle: relativisticflux [energy]Galaxy morphology/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3103galaxysupersymmetry[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cross section: thermal
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Implementation of local chiral interactions in the hyperspherical harmonics formalism

2021

With the goal of using chiral interactions at various orders to explore properties of the few-body nuclear systems, we write the recently developed local chiral interactions as spherical irreducible tensors and implement them in the hyperspherical harmonics expansion method. We devote particular attention to three-body forces at next-to-next-to leading order, which play an important role in reproducing experimental data. We check our implementation by benchmarking the ground-state properties of $^3$H, $^3$He and $^4$He against the available Monte Carlo calculations. We then confirm their order-by-order truncation error estimates and further investigate uncertainties in the charge radii obta…

Chiral perturbation theoryNuclear TheoryTruncation error (numerical integration)Formalism (philosophy)Materials Science (miscellaneous)QC1-999Monte Carlo methodBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural scienceschiral effective field theoryNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Theoretical physics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsExotic atomPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsOrder (ring theory)light nucleiCharge (physics)Harmonicshyperspherical harmonicsnuclear interactionsab-initio theory
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Combined effect of solvent content, temperature and pH on the chromatographic behaviour of ionisable compounds. III: Considerations about robustness

2009

Abstract We previously reported a model able to predict the retention time of ionisable compounds as a function of the solvent content, temperature and pH [J. Chromatogr. A 1163 (2007) 49]. The model was applied further, developing an optimisation of the resolution based on the peak purity concept [J. Chromatogr. A 1193 (2008) 117]. However, we left aside an important issue: we did not consider incidental overlaps caused by shifts in the predicted peak positions, owing either to uncertainties in the source data, modelling errors, or the practical implementation in the chromatograph of the optimal mobile phase (or any other). These shifts can ruin the predicted separation, since they can eas…

ChromatographyChromatographyLogarithmChemistryOrganic ChemistryMonte Carlo methodTemperatureProbabilistic logicReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)Reversed-phase chromatographyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryDistribution (mathematics)Models ChemicalRobustness (computer science)Phase (matter)SolventsComputer SimulationOrganic ChemicalsProtonsJournal of Chromatography A
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Robust interpretive optimisation in high-performance liquid chromatography considering uncertainties in peak position.

2005

In the context of interpretive chromatographic optimisation, robustness is usually calculated by introducing deliberated shifts in the nominal optimal conditions and evaluating their effects on the monitored objective function, mimicking thus the experimental procedures used in method validation. However, such strategy ignores a major source of error: the uncertainties associated to the modelling step, that may give rise to deceiving results when conditions that were expected to yield baseline separation are reproduced in the chromatograph. Two approaches, based on the peak purity concept, are here proposed to evaluate the robustness of the objective function under the perspective of measur…

ChromatographyObservational errorComputer simulationChemistryComputationOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryRobustness (computer science)Phase compositionAmino AcidsMonte Carlo MethodChromatography High Pressure LiquidSpectral purityJournal of chromatography. A
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Performance of jet substructure techniques for large-$R$ jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

2013

This paper presents the application of a variety of techniques to study jet substructure. The performance of various modified jet algorithms, or jet grooming techniques, for several jet types and event topologies is investigated for jets with transverse momentum larger than 300 GeV. Properties of jets subjected to the mass-drop filtering, trimming, and pruning algorithms are found to have a reduced sensitivity to multiple proton-proton interactions, are more stable at high luminosity and improve the physics potential of searches for heavy boosted objects. Studies of the expected discrimination power of jet mass and jet substructure observables in searches for new physics are also presented.…

Ciencias FísicasPhysics beyond the Standard ModelHadronMonte Carlo method01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experiment//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Jets[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Invariant massNuclear ExperimentHADRONIC JEThadron-hadron scatteringQCPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderAtlas (topology)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleObservableATLASPhysical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGproton–proton collisionLHCCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASParticle Physics - ExperimentParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Nuclear physics0103 physical sciencesFysikddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsCiencias ExactasScience & TechnologyHadron-Hadron ScatteringATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísica//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]AstronomíaHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSExperimental High Energy PhysicsSubstructureHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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