Search results for " Carl"

Equilibrium coverage fluctuations: a new approach to quantify reversible adsorption of proteins.

2005

Comparison of basis functions for 3D PET reconstruction using a Monte Carlo system matrix.

2012

In emission tomography, iterative statistical methods are accepted as the reconstruction algorithms that achieve the best image quality. The accuracy of these methods relies partly on the quality of the system response matrix (SRM) that characterizes the scanner. The more physical phenomena included in the SRM, the higher the SRM quality, and therefore higher image quality is obtained from the reconstruction process. High-resolution small animal scanners contain as many as 103?104 small crystal pairs, while the field of view (FOV) is divided into hundreds of thousands of small voxels. These two characteristics have a significant impact on the number of elements to be calculated in the SRM. …

Partially Reversible Adsorption of Annexin A1 on POPC/POPS Bilayers Investigated by QCM Measurements, SFM, and DMC Simulations

2005

The kinetics of annexin A1 binding to solid-supported lipid bilayers consisting of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (POPS; 4:1) has been investigated as a function of the calcium ion concentration in the bulk phase. Quartz crystal microbalance measurements in conjunction with scanning force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and computer simulations indicate that at a given Ca2+ concentration annexin A1 adsorbs irreversibly on membrane domains enriched in POPS. By contrast, annexin A1 adsorbs reversibly on the POPC-enriched phase, which is composed of single POPS molecules embedded within a POPC matrix. The overall are…

Biologically inspired information processing and synchronization in ensembles of non-identical threshold-potential nanostructures.

2013

Nanotechnology produces basic structures that show a significant variability in their individual physical properties. This experimental fact may constitute a serious limitation for most applications requiring nominally identical building blocks. On the other hand, biological diversity is found in most natural systems. We show that reliable information processing can be achieved with heterogeneous groups of non-identical nanostructures by using some conceptual schemes characteristic of biological networks (diversity, frequency-based signal processing, rate and rank order coding, and synchronization). To this end, we simulate the integrated response of an ensemble of single-electron transisto…

Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance

2005

We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLD experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, $\MZ$ and $\GZ$, and its couplings to fermions, for example the $\rho$ parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle, are precisely measured. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840…

Electroweak measurements in electron-positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP

2013

The ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, OPAL collaborations and LEP Electroweak Working Group.-- arXiv:1302.3415

A new observable to measure the top-quark mass at hadron colliders

2013

A new method to measure the top-quark mass in high energetic hadron collisions is presented. We use theoretical predictions calculated at next-to-leading order accuracy in quantum chromodynamics to study the ( normalized) differential distribution of the t (t) over bar + 1-jet cross section with respect to its invariant mass root s(t (t) over barj). The sensitivity of the method to the top-quark mass together with the impact of various theoretical and experimental uncertainties has been investigated and quantified. The new method allows for a complementary measurement of the top-quark mass parameter and has a high potential to become competitive in precision with respect to established appr…

A Simple Monte Carlo Model of a Hot Carrier Cell

2017

In the present work, a simplified model of a hot carrier cell is examined at different energy levels of carrier collection. Incident photons, Monte Carlo generated by employing the ASTM G173–03 data set, are accounted for individually as they interact with the cell. The hot carrier cells are examined in a transient state caused by a flash of photons with AM1.5 spectrum. Excess photon energy is recycled giving a form of thermalization of hot carriers. The sensitivity of contact variables and the device band gap on cell efficiency, has been studied.

Air Traffic, Boarding and Scaling Exponents

2014

The air traffic is a very important part of the global transportation network. In distinction from vehicular traffic, the boarding of an airplane is a significant part of the whole transportation process. Here we study an airplane boarding model, introduced in 2012 by Frette and Hemmer, with the aim to determine precisely the asymptotic power–law scaling behavior of the mean boarding time 〈t b 〉 and other related quantities for large number of passengers N. Our analysis is based on an exact enumeration for small system sizes N ≤ 14 and Monte Carlo simulation data for very large system sizes up to \(N = 2^{16} = 65,536\). It shows that the asymptotic power–law scaling 〈t b 〉 ∝ N α holds with…

Fuzzified Tree Search in Real Domain Games

2011

Fuzzified game tree search algorithm is based on the idea that the exact game tree evaluation is not required to find the best move. Therefore, pruning techniques may be applied earlier resulting in faster search and greater performance. Applied to an abstract domain, it outperforms the existing ones such as Alpha-Beta, PVS, Negascout, NegaC*, SSS*/ Dual* and MTD(f). In this paper we present experimental results in real domain games, where the proposed algorithm demonstrated 10 percent performance increase over the existing algorithms.