Search results for " Character"

showing 10 items of 1756 documents

Genetic identification of neurons controlling a sexually dimorphic behaviour

2000

0960-9822 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, locomotor activity is sexually dimorphic: female flies constantly modulate their activity pattern whereas males show a steadier, stereotyped walking pace [1]. Here, we mapped the area of the brain controlling this behavioural dimorphism. Adult male Drosophila expressing a dominant feminising transgene in a small cluster of neurons in the pars intercerebralis exhibited a female-like pattern of locomotor activity. Genetic ablation of these neurons prevented the feminisation of the locomotor activity of transgenic males. The results suggest that this cluster of neurons modulates sex-sp…

MaleMESH: NeuronsCourtshipAnimals Genetically ModifiedSexual Behavior Animal0302 clinical medicineMESH: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsDrosophila ProteinsNervous System Physiological PhenomenaMESH: AnimalsMESH: Sexual Behavior AnimalDrosophila melanogaster/*physiologymedia_commonNeurons0303 health sciencesFungal proteinSex CharacteristicsbiologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences(all)Nuclear ProteinsAnatomyMESH: Transcription FactorsMotor Activity/*physiologyMESH: Motor ActivityDNA-Binding ProteinsFungal Proteins/geneticsNuclear Proteins/*genetics/physiologyDrosophila melanogasterMESH: Fungal Proteins[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]FemaleDrosophila melanogasterGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesLocomotionSex characteristicsMESH: Sex CharacteristicsNervous System PhysiologySaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsTransgenemedia_common.quotation_subjectRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRecombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesisSexual BehaviorMESH: LocomotionTranscription Factors/geneticsGenetically ModifiedMotor ActivityGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMESH: Drosophila melanogasterFungal ProteinsMESH: Animals Genetically Modified03 medical and health sciencesMESH: Recombinant Fusion ProteinsAnimalsDrosophila030304 developmental biologyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)Animalfungibiology.organism_classificationMESH: MaleSexual dimorphismMale courtship behaviourMESH: Nervous System PhysiologyNeuroscienceMESH: FemaleMESH: Nuclear ProteinsNeurons/*physiology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTranscription Factors
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Metabolomics Study of Urine in Autism Spectrum Disorders Using a Multiplatform Analytical Methodology

2015

International audience; Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with no clinical biomarker. The aims of this study were to characterize a metabolic signature of ASD and to evaluate multiplatform analytical methodologies in order to develop predictive tools for diagnosis and disease follow-up. Urine samples were analyzed using (1)H and (1)H-(13)C NMR-based approaches and LC-HRMS-based approaches (ESI+ and ESI- on HILIC and C18 chromatography columns). Data tables obtained from the six analytical modalities on a training set of 46 urine samples (22 autistic children and 24 controls) were processed by multivariate analysis (orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant …

MaleMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMultivariate analysisAutism Spectrum DisorderBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNeurodevelopmental disorderMedicineChildComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSChromatographyLiquideducation.field_of_studyElectrospray IonizationSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantilePhenylacetylglutamineAutism spectrum disorderChild PreschoolMetabolomeAmino acidsFemale[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Metabolic Networks and PathwaysSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationAdolescentPopulationComputational biologyHumansMetabolomicsPreschooleducationmétabolomeChromatographyReceiver operating characteristicSpectrometrybusiness.industrymetabolomics autism spectrum disorder ASD NMR LC−HRMS data fusionGeneral ChemistryMassmedicine.diseaseLinear discriminant analysischemistryCase-Control StudiesMultivariate AnalysisAutismbusinessBiomarkers[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyChromatography LiquidJournal of Proteome Research
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The role of juvenile hormone in immune function and pheromone production trade-offs: a test of the immunocompetence handicap principle

2003

The immunocompetence handicap hypothesis postulates that secondary sexual traits are honest signals of mate quality because the hormones (e.g. testosterone) needed to develop secondary sexual traits have immunosuppressive effects. The best support for predictions arising from the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis so far comes from studies of insects, although they lack male-specific hormones such as testosterone. In our previous studies, we found that female mealworm beetles prefer pheromones of immunocompetent males. Here, we tested how juvenile hormone (JH) affects male investment in secondary sexual characteristics and immune functions in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. We inje…

MaleMealwormmedicine.medical_specialtySecondary sex characteristicZoologyPheromonesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsTenebrioGeneral Environmental ScienceSex CharacteristicsGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyMonophenol MonooxygenaseHandicap principleGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationJuvenile HormonesEndocrinologySexual selectionSex pheromoneJuvenile hormonePheromoneFemaleMuramidaseImmunocompetenceGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesImmunocompetenceResearch ArticleProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle and Desired Body Weight Loss in a Mediterranean Adult Population with Overweight: A PREDIMED-Plus Study

2020

Background. Body weight dissatisfaction is a hindrance to following a healthy lifestyle and it has been associated with weight concerns. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle (diet and exercise) and the desired body weight loss in an adult Mediterranean population with overweight. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis in 6355 participants (3268 men; 3087 women) with metabolic syndrome and BMI (Body mass index) between 27.0 and 40.0 kg/m2 (55–75 years old) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Desired weight loss was the percentage of weight that participants wished to lose. It was categorized into four cut-offs of this perce…

MaleMediterranean dietObesidadejercicio físicoBody Mass Index:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsMedicinemediana edadeducation.field_of_studyanciano:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Age Factors [Medical Subject Headings]dietaprotocolos de quimioterapia antineoplásica combinada3. Good healthOlder adultsmetotrexatoprogramas de reducción de pesoObesitatlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyPersonas mayores frágilesIdeal weightLifestyles:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:TX341-641ArticleEstilo de vida03 medical and health sciences:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight [Medical Subject Headings]:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Human Activities::Exercise [Medical Subject Headings]ifosfamidaHumanscisplatinoIfosfamideeducationExerciseAgedconducta alimentaria:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Syndrome X [Medical Subject Headings]:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology Social::Life Style [Medical Subject Headings]PREDIMED-Plusmedicine.diseaseObesityMethotrexate:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Desired weight lossMetabolic syndromeCisplatinBody mass indexDemographyobesitycumplimiento del pacientehumanos:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Ideal Body Weightdesired weight loss:Health Care::Health Care Facilities Manpower and Services::Health Promotion::Weight Reduction Programs [Medical Subject Headings]OverweightDiet MediterraneanMediterranean lifestyle:Health Care::Health Care Facilities Manpower and Services::Health Services::Preventive Health Services::Health Promotion::Healthy People Programs [Medical Subject Headings]Weight loss030212 general & internal medicine:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Health Behavior::Patient Compliance [Medical Subject Headings]Abdominal obesityolder adults:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]2. Zero hungerNutrition and Dieteticsmediterranean lifestylesobrepeso:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Nutrition Therapy::Diet Therapy::Diet Mediterranean [Medical Subject Headings]Age Factorsideal weightMiddle AgedPeso corporal ideal:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Ideal Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Weight Reduction ProgramsBody imageFemalemedicine.symptompeso corporal idealEstils de vidadoxorrubicinabody imagePopulationImagen corporal030209 endocrinology & metabolism:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Feeding Behavior [Medical Subject Headings]overweightHealthy LifestyleObesity:Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]business.industryíndice de masa corporalFeeding BehaviorOverweightDieta mediterráneaDietDoxorubicinSobrepesoPatient Compliance:Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Perception::Body Image [Medical Subject Headings]businessFood Science
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A metabolomics-driven approach to predict cocoa product consumption by designing a multimetabolite biomarker model in free-living subjects from the P…

2014

Scope The aim of the current study was to apply an untargeted metabolomics strategy to characterize a model of cocoa intake biomarkers in a free-living population. Methods and results An untargeted HPLC-q-ToF-MS based metabolomics approach was applied to human urine from 32 consumers of cocoa or derived products (CC) and 32 matched control subjects with no consumption of cocoa products (NC). The multivariate statistical analysis (OSC-PLS-DA) showed clear differences between CC and NC groups. The discriminant biomarkers identified were mainly related to the metabolic pathways of theobromine and polyphenols, as well as to cocoa processing. Consumption of cocoa products was also associated wit…

MaleMetabolitePopulationUrineBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundInsulin resistanceMetabolomicsmedicineHumansMetabolomicseducationTheobromineChromatography High Pressure LiquidAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overCacaoeducation.field_of_studyReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryPolyphenolsfood and beveragesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDietBiotechnologyCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsROC CurvechemistryArea Under CurveMultivariate AnalysisTheobromineBiomarker (medicine)FemaleEnergy IntakebusinessBiomarkersFood ScienceBiotechnologymedicine.drugMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
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Chryseobacterium indologenes bacteraemia in a diabetic child

2005

Chryseobacterium indologenes is a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus that is a rare pathogen in humans. Its occurrence in diabetic children has not been previously reported. In this report, a case is described of C. indologenes bacteraemia possibly associated with the use of a peripheral venous catheter. A 2-year-old boy with type I diabetes mellitus was admitted due to a coma caused by cerebral oedema and was successfully treated for his neurological condition but presented on the tenth day after admission with fever of 40 degrees C, agitation, restlessness, lack of appetite, somnolence and fatigue. His pulse rate was 90 min(-1) and his respiratory rate was 20 min(-1). Laboratory stud…

MaleMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyChryseobacterium indologenesmedicine.medical_treatmentBacteremiaMicrobiologyFlavobacteriaceae InfectionsInternal medicineWhite blood cellDiabetes mellitusCatheterization PeripheralmedicineHumansMICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICSChryseobacteriumComabusiness.industryCeftriaxoneMICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS; MENINGOSEPTICUM; INFECTIONSMENINGOSEPTICUMGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsSurgeryDiabetes Mellitus Type 1medicine.anatomical_structureINFECTIONSChild PreschoolBacteremiaCeftriaxonePeripheral venous cathetermedicine.symptombusinessCentral venous cathetermedicine.drug
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Dysfunction of attention switching networks in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2019

Objective To localise and characterise changes in cognitive networks in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) using source analysis of mismatch negativity (MMN) waveforms. Rationale The MMN waveform has an increased average delay in ALS. MMN has been attributed to change detection and involuntary attention switching. This therefore indicates pathological impairment of the neural network components which generate these functions. Source localisation can mitigate the poor spatial resolution of sensor-level EEG analysis by associating the sensor-level signals to the contributing brain sources. The functional activity in each generating source can therefore be individually measured and investigat…

MaleMismatch negativitySource localisationEEG ElectroencephalographyMismatch negativityNetworkElectroencephalographylcsh:RC346-429PET Positron emission tomographyCognition0302 clinical medicineC9orf72AttentionEEGAUROC Area under receiver operating characteristic curveAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesCognitive flexibilityBrainRegular ArticleElectroencephalographyCognitionMiddle AgedSTG Superior temporal gyrusNeurologyMTG Mid temporal gyrusDLPFC Dorsolateral prefrontal cortexlcsh:R858-859.7FemaleLCMV Linearly constrained minimum varianceIFG Inferior frontal gyrusAdultCognitive Neurosciencelcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics050105 experimental psychologyCWIT Colour-word interference test03 medical and health sciencesfMRI Functional magnetic resonance imagingMEG MagnetoencephalographymedicineMMN Mismatch negativityHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLS Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisAAL Automated Anatomical Labellinglcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemAEP Auditory evoked potentialAgedbusiness.industryAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisIQR Interquartile rangeNeurophysiologyqEEG Quantitative EEGmedicine.diseaseNeurology (clinical)Nerve NetFunctional magnetic resonance imagingbusinessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryeLORETA Exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomographyNeuroImage: Clinical
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Validity of the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test for the diagnosis of daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents and its relationship to sleepiness…

2021

Objectives: To report validation data for the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test (PST) in children and adolescents, evaluate its applicability for diagnosing excessive daytime sleepiness and its relationship to sleepiness-associated outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study was performed. Patients underwent three PST at 9 a.m. (T1), 11 a.m. (T2) and 1 p.m. (T3) plus the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) on a single day. Additionally, two neurocognitive tests were performed and three questionnaires about quality of life, sleep-related self-efficacy and behavioural aspects completed. Gender-stratified z-values of the natural logarithm of the Pupillary Unrest Index (z-ln…

MaleMultiple Sleep Latency Testmedicine.medical_specialtySleepinessAdolescentExcessive daytime sleepinessDisorders of Excessive SomnolenceAudiologyDaytime sleepinessCorrelation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeHumansMedicineWakefulnessChildSleepiness testingRank correlationHypersomniaCentral nervousReceiver operating characteristicmedicine.diagnostic_testPupillographybusiness.industryArea under the curveGeneral MedicineAlertnessCross-Sectional Studies030228 respiratory systemQuality of LifePupillographyactivationFemalemedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySleep Medicine
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Psychological distress and its correlates in older care-dependent persons living at home.

2009

This study examined psychological distress in older people receiving home nursing care. The influence of risk factors and personal resources on their perceived psychological distress was also examined.A linear regression analysis was applied in a cross-sectional sample of 214 patients aged 75 years and older. Psychological distress was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The independent variables were sex, education, age, living arrangement, household composition, reported illnesses, Barthel ADL Index, self-rated health, Subjective Health Complaints, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, Sense of Coherence and Revised Social Provision Scale.Of the 214 participants, 23 (10.7%) r…

MaleMultivariate analysisActivities of daily livingClinical Dementia RatingCross-sectional studySocial supportResidence CharacteristicsRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesActivities of Daily LivingAdaptation PsychologicalHomes for the AgedHumansGeriatric AssessmentAgedAged 80 and overNorwaySocial SupportRegression analysisHome Care ServicesNursing HomesPsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesScale (social sciences)Multivariate AnalysisRegression AnalysisFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologyPshychiatric Mental HealthGeneral Health QuestionnairePsychologyGerontologyStress PsychologicalClinical psychologyAgingmental health
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Novel multimetabolite prediction of walnut consumption by a urinary biomarker model in a free-living population: the PREDIMED study.

2014

The beneficial impact of walnuts on human health has been attributed to their unique chemical composition. In order to characterize the dietary walnut fingerprinting, spot urine samples from two sets of 195 (training) and 186 (validation) individuals were analyzed by an HPLC-q-ToF-MS untargeted metabolomics approach, selecting the most discriminating metabolites by multivariate data analysis (VIP ≥ 1.5). Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to design a multimetabolite prediction biomarker model. The global performance of the model and each included metabolite in it was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves, using the area under the curve (AUC) values. Dietary expos…

MaleMultivariate analysisMetabolitePopulationJuglansBiologyUrineBioinformaticsDiet MediterraneanBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMediterranean cookingCuina mediterràniaMetabolomeHumansFood scienceeducationAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyReceiver operating characteristicMalalties cardiovascularsBiochemical markersArea under the curveGeneral ChemistryStepwise regressionMiddle AgedOrinaMetabolismeCromatografia de líquids d'alta resolucióMetabolismCardiovascular diseaseschemistryROC CurveCardiovascular DiseasesMarcadors bioquímicsMetabolomeBiomarker (medicine)Cuina (Nous)FemaleCooking (Nuts)BiomarkersHigh performance liquid chromatographyJournal of proteome research
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