Search results for " Cognition"
showing 10 items of 1218 documents
Un pequeño aumento en el espaciado entre letras favorece la lectura en niños disléxicos
2012
Varias investigaciones recientes han mostrado que un ligero aumento del espaciado entre las letras (respecto al espaciado estándar) produce tiempos de lectura más rápidos en los niños con dislexia, así como mejoras en la comprensión de los textos. Si bien el aumento en el espaciado de las letras no “cura” la dislexia, sí permite una mejora en el proceso de lectura. Es importante remarcar que la posibilidad de modificar el espaciado entre letras se encuentra disponible en los programas de procesamiento de texto. Creemos que dicha opción debería estar disponible próximamente en los libros electrónicos.
Du producteur à l'utilisateur: identification des trajectoires d'appropriation des données géographiques.
2009
To define, on a non technician face, the life cycle of geographic information, "from captor to decisions" we need, in a actor network theory perspective, to understand the process "from producer to user". In order to give an answer, we choose to study the spatial data appropriation process. This process opens the analysis of how data can be used by a group that has not produced the data itself, as well as in a multi-actor context. Distributed cognition theory offers a framework to understand data as a cognitive and collaborative artefact. Eight exploratory case studies help to identify typical appropriation trajectories, factors and socio-cognitive processes. This article offers a different…
Dysfunction of the mesolimbic circuit to food odors in women with anorexia and bulimia nervosa: A fMRI study
2019
Brain reward dysfunction in eating disorders has been widely reported. However, whether the neural correlates of hedonic and motivational experiences related to food cues are differentially affected in anorexia nervosa of restrictive type (ANr), bulimia nervosa (BN), and healthy control (HC) participants remains unknown. Here, 39 women (14 ANr, 13 BN, and 12 HC) underwent fMRI while smelling food or non-food odors in hunger and satiety states during liking and wanting tasks. ANr and BN patients reported less desire to eat odor-cued food and odor-cued high energy-density food (EDF), respectively. ANr patients exhibited lower ventral tegmental area (VTA) activation than BN patients to food od…
Quality of Life, Cognition, and Social Cognition in Schizophrenia
2016
Nowadays, the main objective in treating patients with schizophrenia (SZ) is not only to attain and maintain symptomatic remission, in order to reach recovery, but also to avoid relapses and reach a level of personal and social functioning, as well as of quality of life (QoL), as near as possible to that of the general population (Hasan et al. 2013). In that sense, psychosocial functioning and QoL are increasingly recognized as important treatment outcomes in SZ (Juckel and Morosini 2008; Remington et al. 2010; Figueira and Brissos 2011).
Short-term impact of a Western diet on the physiology of the peripheral olfactory system
2016
Current feeding behaviors contribute to the epidemic levels of obesity and diabetes observed in Europe and worldwide. Both the quantity and the quality of ingested food are incriminated. Together with other sensory modalities, olfaction is involved in the control of food intake. Olfactory cues can influence eating behaviors, yet the nutritional status and diet can also alter olfactory abilities. Patients with metabolic disorders present impaired olfactory sensitivity which could in turn worsen their eating behaviors.Here we examined the short-term impact of a Western diet enriched in fat and sugar (High Fat High Sugar, HFHS) on the anatomy and physiology of the olfactory epithelium of postn…
Embodied effects of posture: Changing emotional and cognitive processes through the body
2018
La cognición y emoción encarnada es un concepto que está revitalizando el interés por estudiar el papel del cuerpo en el procesamiento de información. Este concepto puede definirse como un efecto donde el cuerpo, su estado sensoriomotor, su morfología o su representación mental juega un papel fundamental en la configuración de los procesos cognitivos y emocionales. El cuerpo y sus procesos implicados han recibido escasa atención dentro de las teorías del procesamiento cognitivo que han predominado en las últimas décadas. No obstante, en los últimos años se ha producido un cambio en la forma de entender el procesamiento de la información, ya que la evidencia empírica señala que el cuerpo eje…
Embodied Metre in Spontaneous Movement to Music
2009
Listening to music is often associated with spontaneous body movements, frequently synchronized with its periodic structure. The notion of embodied cognition assumes that intelligent behavior does not emerge from mere passive perception, but requires goal-directed interactions between the organism and its environment. According to this view, one could postulate that we use our bodily movements to help parse the metric structure of music. The aim of the study was to investigate how pulsations on different metrical levels are manifested in spontaneous movement to music. Participants were presented with a piece of instrumental music in 4/4 time, played in five different tempi ranging from 92 B…
The application of motion capture to embodied music cognition research
2012
Embodiment in dance - relationships between expert intentional movement and music in ballet
2009
Embodied music cognition posits that there is a relationship between the emergent properties of a musical piece and the way musicians, dancers and listeners experience them in their body-minds. Musicological analyses assign kinetic properties to music, under the assumption that the sonic forms have the capacity to activate movement; in other words, that music ‘moves’ us. But, in which sense the movement elicited by music is indeed based on music? These questions are not fully answered so far. This paper analized comparatively musical and choreographic phrases in different ballet interpretations, with the aim of identifying the extent to which these two expressive modes convey similarities, …
The Group Mind Hypothesis between Social ontology and Philosophy of Mind: Some Critical Notes
2013
Some recent theoretical analyses of collective behavior in social ontology, philosophy of mind and situated cognitive science have proposed arguments to revive the notion of group mind as the proper bearer of joint cognitive processes and actions. In this paper I analyse two kinds of arguments supporting this view: first, since group reasons in joint actions claim, at least sometimes, to have a priority over individual reasons, then groups are psychologically autonomous from their members. Second, the structure of the causal and functional dynamics of individual and collective cognition mirror each other in such a way that, by parity of reasoning, we must talk of a collective mind as underl…