Search results for " Cognitive Science"
showing 10 items of 6028 documents
Beliefs about teaching held by student teachers and school-based teacher educators
2017
Teachers' beliefs about teaching goals and practices are influenced by several factors, including teaching and mentoring experiences. To identify which teaching goals and practices are preferred for the social and cognitive development of pupils, 112 student teachers and 73 school-based teacher educators were questioned. In contrast to teacher educators, student teachers consider the mechanical acquisition of knowledge and practices that support intrapersonal processes directed toward cognitive development to be a more effective goal, while teachers with mentoring experience prefer teaching practices that support pupils' social development. Knowledge about teaching-related beliefs is essent…
Associations Between Reading Skills, Interest in Reading, and Teaching Practices in First Grade
2017
ABSTRACTThis study examined associations between classroom-level reading fluency, comprehension, interest in reading, and teaching practices. Participants were 466 children from 21 classrooms. Reading fluency and interest were assessed at the beginning and end of Grade 1, reading comprehension at the end of Grade 1. Teaching practices were observed with the Early Childhood Classroom Observation Measure (ECCOM). Teachers were more likely to use teacher-directed methods in classrooms where children had poorer initial reading fluency. In classrooms with mostly child-centered methods, children showed better reading fluency, comprehension, and higher interest, whereas in classrooms with predomin…
Development of a Brief Multicultural Version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMDbrief) Questionnaire
2016
The Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMD) questionnaire (Chóliz, 2012) evaluates the main features of mobile phone dependence: tolerance, abstinence syndrome, impaired impulse control, associated problems, excessive use, etc. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a multicultural version of the TMD (TMDbrief) adapted to suit the novel communication tools of smartphones. Procedure: In this study, the TMD was completed by 2,028 young respondents in six distinct world regions: Southern Europe, Northwest Europe, South-America, Mesoamerica, Pakistan, and India. Results: Psychometric analysis of the reliability of the instrument and factor analysis were performed to adapt the TMDbr…
Evaluer un dispositif de formation à distance : Principes et retour d'expérience
2008
The multiplication of distance learning platforms and the complexity of some of those used within the university system raise questions. First of all, the stabilization of writing practices of digital documents. Secondly, the evaluation of these devices. We want to address this last point in this article. What is it possible to assess in this field? There are many dimensions of evaluation, depending on the angle chosen. We limit ourselves to an approach focused on evaluating the human-computer interface. The chosen testing ground is a website for law studies, developed by the University of Burgundy's further education section.
On Temporal Aspects in Cross-Cultural e-Collaboration Between Finland and Japan Research Teams
2018
Time is an essential dimension in cross-cultural e-collaboration among research project teams. Understanding temporal aspects and project dynamics in cross-cultural research e-collaboration and related processes can improve team members' skills in cross-cultural communication and increase their cultural competence. The present case cultures are Finnish and Japanese, and the case universities are the University of Jyväskylä (Finland) and Keio University (Japan). Three issues are addressed in this article. First, cultural dimensions and time models in the cross-cultural e-collaboration context are discussed. Second, temporal aspects related to e-collaboration activities are introduced. Third,…
Moral Attitudes Predict Cheating and Gamesmanship Behaviors Among Competitive Tennis Players
2017
Background: The present study tested Lee et al.’s (2008) model of moral attitudes and cheating behavior in sports in an Italian sample of young tennis players and extended it to predict behavior in actual match play. In the first phase of the study we proposed that moral, competence and status values would predict prosocial and antisocial moral attitudes directly, and indirectly through athletes’ goal orientations. In the second phase, we hypothesized that moral attitudes would directly predict actual cheating behavior observed during match play.\ud \ud Method: Adolescent competitive tennis players (N = 314, 76.75% males, M age = 14.36 years, SD = 1.50) completed measures of values, goal or…
Self-reported reflective functioning mediates the association between attachment insecurity and well-being among psychotherapists.
2020
Objective: Subjective well-being is a crucial variable for mental health practitioners. This study examines the influence of therapists’ attachment dimensions and self-reported reflective functioning on their perceived well-being. Further, it examines if reflective functioning mediates the association between attachment insecurity and well-being. Method: A total of 416 experienced psychotherapists were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, and completed self-report measures of attachment insecurity, reflective functioning, and well-being. We tested the hypothesized mediation model with path analysis that examined indirect effects. Results: Both attachment anxiety and avoidance dimensions …
Displaying agency problems at the outset of psychotherapy
2016
In order to present him- or herself at the outset of psychotherapy as a credible client, the person needs to, on one hand, formulate a sense of lost agency in accounts of his/her life situation, and on the other, to present him- or herself as willing and able to take part in conversational self-exploration. In this study, we looked in detail at how one person, seeking psychotherapy, constructed accounts that served this double function. We sought to develop the usefulness of the concept of agency as an integrative theoretical construct of core processes in therapy and introduced a model of five aspects of agentic vs. non-agentic presentation, developed and applied in an earlier study on cli…
À la recherche de l’intelligence : de la mesure et de l’organisation
2016
Cet ouvrage aborde le champ des difficultés et des troubles de la vie intellectuelle et cognitive dans l’enfance et, plus généralement, celui des apprentissages et des moyens psychiques d’accès à la connaissance impliqués dans la réussite scolaire en particulier, et dans la réussite plus globale de l’enfant dans sa vie d’enfant, son bien-être, son développement harmonieux et dans sa future vie d’adulte.Fondé sur l’expérience clinique des auteurs auprès des enfants et des adolescents, mais aussi sur un enseignement dans le cadre d’un Diplôme universitaire, ce livre apporte également un éclairage plus large sur les processus impliqués dans les activités d’apprendre, de connaître et de penser,…
Single chords convey distinct emotional qualities to both naïve and expert listeners.
2014
Previous research on music and emotions has been able to pinpoint many structural features conveying emotions. Empirical research on vertical harmony’s emotional qualities, however, has been rare. The main studies in harmony and emotions usually concern the horizontal aspects of harmony, ignoring emotional qualities of chords as such. An empirical experiment was conducted where participants ( N = 269) evaluated pre-chosen chords on a 9-item scale of given emotional dimensions. 14 different chords (major, minor, diminished, augmented triads and dominant, major and minor seventh chords with inversions) were played with two distinct timbres (piano and strings). The results suggest significant…