Search results for " Coherence"

THE INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL COGNITION IN THEORY OF MIND AND CENTRAL COHERENCE TASKS: STUDY IN AUTISM

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ADS) is a severe developmental disability characterized by impairments in social interaction and communicative skills. Despite a growing research interest in the field, the causes of these impairments remain unknown. Two lines of research, Theory of Mind (ToM) and Central Coherence (CC), using experimental tasks such as visuo-spatial perspective Taking (VPT) and the local and global levels have suggested that visuo-spatial attention and spatial variables in the self-versus other recognition, may be the basis of the cognitive processes underlying social interaction. According to spatial attention, such as observed in the Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) may contribu…

Ocular biometry with swept-source optical coherence tomography

2020

This study aimed to summarize the outcomes reported when swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) is used for ocular biometry. A literature search was performed to identify publications reporting clinical outcomes of patients measured with commercial SS-OCT. Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. A comprehensive analysis of the available data was performed, focusing on parameters used for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery, including keratometry, central corneal thickness, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, IOL power, and pupil diameter. Different metrics for repeatability, reproducibility, and agreem…

Evaluation of 6 biometers based on different optical technologies

2021

This study shows that optical biometers based on different technologies provide repeatable measurements for different ocular parameters and, when compared, statistically significant differences between them were found when measuring most parameters.

Could structural changes in the retinal layers be a new biomarker of mental disorders? A systematic review and thematic synthesis.

2019

It has recently been suggested that alterations of the layers of the retina could be a biomarker of specific mental disorders since they originate in the same embryonic layer as the brain and both are interconnected through the optic nerve. The purpose of this article is to offer a systematic review of the literature and a thematic synthesis on the current state of the alterations of the retina layers identified by optical coherence tomography in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression. For this purpose, we performed a bibliographic search, a systematic review of the studies and a thematic synthesis of the reported findings. Patients with schizophrenia have more a…

Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Other Potential Biomarkers for Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetics: Beneficial Effects of the Nutraceutic Supplements

2015

We have studied the global risk of retinopathy in a Mediterranean population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, according to clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle biomarkers. The effects of the oral supplementation containing antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) were also evaluated. Suitable participants were distributed into two main groups: (1) T2DMG (with retinopathy (+DR) or without retinopathy (−DR)) and (2) controls (CG). Participants were randomly assigned (+A/ω3) or not (−A/ω3) to the oral supplementation with a daily pill of Nutrof Omega (R) for 18 months. Data collected including demographics, anthropometrics, characteristics/lifestyle, ophthalmic examination (best cor…

Large platelets but not putative endothelial progenitor cells are associated with low strut coverage after drug-eluting stent implantation

2015

Objectives This study assessed whether different subsets of circulating endothelial and putative endothelial progenitor cells (CEC and EPC) correlate with stent strut coverage (SSC) using second generation optical coherence tomography (OCT). Background Due to the lack of imaging modalities with a resolution down to the magnitude of a few cells, the influence of EPC on endothelialisation of drug-eluting stents has not been assessed in patients. Methods In 37 patients, SSC of everolimus-eluting stents was assessed by OCT 5-7months after stent implantation. Different subsets of EPC (CD34(+)KDR(+), CD34(+)KDR(+)CD45(dim), CD133(+), CD3(+)CD31(+)), CEC (CD31(+)CD45(-)CD146(+)), and CD31(+)CD45(-…

Site-Coded Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Descriptive Pilot Study

2022

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an emerging non-invasive method for oral diagnostics, proving to be a practicable device for epithelial and subepithelial evaluation. The potential validity of OCT in oral cancer assessment has been explored but, to date, there are very few investigations conducted with a systematic comparison between clinical/histological and OCT parameters, especially in strict reference to the anatomical site-codification of the oral mucosa. In this regard, our study performed a two-steps evaluation (in vivo OCT and histological investigations) of suspected OSCCs, progressively recruited, using as references the OCT images of the same site-coded healthy mucosa, to pr…

Femtosecond polarization spectroscopy in molecular gas mixtures: Macroscopic interference and concentration measurements

2000

0021-9606; Raman-induced polarization spectroscopy (RIPS) experiments combined with homodyne detection have been conducted with a femtosecond laser at room temperature and low pressure (p < 2 atm) in CO2-N2 mixtures as well as in air (O2-N2 mixtures). Each molecule of the mixture produces its own time-dependent signal, measured as a series of recurring transients. Macroscopic interference is observed when transients of both molecules overlap in the time domain. This interference leads to a large modification of the signal, which is well reproduced by calculations. The total signal recorded in CO2-N2 or O2-N2 mixtures of known concentration is analyzed in order to measure the polarizability …

Spatial information transmission using orthogonal mutual coherence coding.

2005

We use the coherence of a light beam to encode spatial information. We apply this principle to obtain spatial superresolution in a limited aperture system. The method is based on shaping the mutual intensity function of the illumination beam in a set of orthogonal distributions, each one carrying the information for a different frequency bandpass or spatial region of the input object. The coherence coding is analogous to time multiplexing but with multiplexing time slots that are given by the coherence time of the illumination beam. Most images are static during times much longer than this coherence time, and thus the increase of resolution in our system is obtained without any noticeable c…

Influence of Global Structure on Musical Target Detection and Recognition

1998

The present study adapted a paradigm used in visual perception by Biederman, Glass, and Stacy (1973) and analyzed the influence of a coherent global context on the detection and recognition of musical target excerpts. Global coherence was modified by segmenting minuets into chunks of four, two, or one bar. These chunks were either reordered (Experiments 1, 3, 4, 5) or transposed to different keys (Experiment 2). The results indicate that target detection is influenced only by a reorganization on a very local level (i.e. chunks of one bar). Context incoherence did not influence the recognition of the real targets, but rendered the rejection of wrong target excerpts (foils) more difficult. Th…