Search results for " Conduction"

showing 10 items of 373 documents

Accessing the fundamentals of magnetotransport in metals with terahertz probes

2015

Spin-dependent conduction in metals underlies all modern magnetic memory technologies, such as giant magnetoresistance (GMR). The charge current in ferromagnetic transition metals is carried by two non-mixing populations of sp-band Fermi-level electrons: one of majority-spin and one of minority-spin. These electrons experience spin-dependent momentum scattering with localized electrons, which originate from the spin-split d-band. The direct observation of magnetotransport under such fundamental conditions, however, requires magnetotransport measurements on the same timescale as the electron momentum scattering, which takes place in the sub-100 fs regime. Using terahertz electromagnetic prob…

PhysicsENERGY-BANDSSPECTROSCOPYCondensed matter physicsScatteringTerahertz radiationSPIN DYNAMICSGeneral Physics and AstronomyGiant magnetoresistanceRELAXATIONElectronPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCEThermal conductionDEMAGNETIZATIONCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectTRANSPORTCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceLAYERED MAGNETIC-STRUCTURESFerromagnetismFERROMAGNETIC NICKELCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin (physics)Electron scatteringTEMPERATURE
researchProduct

Thermal solitons along wires with flux-limited lateral exchange

2021

We obtain some exact solutions in the context of solitons, for heat conduction with inertia along a cylinder whose heat exchange with the environment is a non-linear function of the difference of temperatures of the cylinder and the environment, due to a flux-limiter behavior of the exchange. We study the consequences of heat transfer and information transfer along the wire, and we compare the situation with analogous solitons found in nonlinear lateral radiative exchange studied in some previous papers. We also find further exact solutions in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions for the sake of completeness.

PhysicsHeat waves. Thermal solitons. Heat flux saturation. Maxwell-Cattaneo law. Radiative transfer. Auxiliary equation method. Flux limiters.media_common.quotation_subjectElliptic functionStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsContext (language use)MechanicsInertiaThermal conductionNonlinear systemHeat transferRadiative transferCylinderMathematical Physicsmedia_common
researchProduct

X-RAY EMISSION FROM PROTOSTELLAR JET HH 154: THE FIRST EVIDENCE OF A DIAMOND SHOCK?

2011

X-ray emission from about ten protostellar jets has been discovered and it appears as a feature common to the most energetic jets. Although X-ray emission seems to originate from shocks internal to jets, the mechanism forming these shocks remains controversial. One of the best studied X-ray jet is HH 154 that has been observed by Chandra over a time base of about 10 years. We analyze the Chandra observations of HH 154 by investigating the evolution of its X-ray source. We show that the X-ray emission consists of a bright stationary component and a faint elongated component. We interpret the observations by developing a hydrodynamic model describing a protostellar jet originating from a nozz…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNozzleFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsThermal conductionjets and outflows X-rays: ISM [hydrodynamics Herbig-Haro objects ISM]LuminosityShock (mechanics)Starshydrodynamics Herbig-Haro objects ISM: jets and outflows X-rays: ISMAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceRadiative transferHerbig–Haro objectSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsThe Astrophysical Journal
researchProduct

Generation of radiative knots in a randomly pulsed protostellar jet

2009

HH objects are characterized by a complex knotty morphology detected mainly along the axis of protostellar jets in a wide range of bands. Evidence of interactions between knots formed in different epochs have been found, suggesting that jets may result from the ejection of plasma blobs from the source. We aim at investigating the physical mechanism leading to the irregular knotty structure observed in jets in different bands and the complex interactions occurring among blobs of plasma ejected from the stellar source. We perform 2D axisymmetric HD simulations of a randomly ejected pulsed jet. The jet consists of a train of blobs which ram with supersonic speed into the ambient medium. The in…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Proper motionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsPlasmaThermal conductionAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceReflection (physics)Radiative transferOblique shockSupersonic speedhydrodynamics – Herbig-Haro objects – ISM: jets and outflows – X-rays: ISMSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astronomy and Astrophysics
researchProduct

The X-ray emission mechanism in the protostellar jet HH 154

2004

We study the mechanism causing the X-ray emission recently detected in protostellar jets, by performing a detailed modeling of the interaction between a supersonic jet originating from a young stellar object and the ambient medium, for various values of density contrast, ν, between the ambient density and the jet, and of Mach number, M; radiative losses and thermal conduction have been taken into account. Here we report a representative case which reproduces, without any ad hoc assumption, the characteristics of the X-ray emission recently observed in the protostellar jet HH 154. We find that the X-ray emission originates from a localized blob, consistent with observations, which moves with…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Proper motionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaYoung stellar objectAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsThermal conductionISM: Herbig-Haro objects ISM: individual objects: HH 154 ISM: jets and outflows X-rays: ISMSpace and Planetary ScienceRadiative transferSupersonic speedHerbig–Haro objectDensity contrastAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
researchProduct

X-rays from protostellar jets: emission from continuous flows

2006

Recently X-ray emission from protostellar jets has been detected with both XMM-Newton and Chandra satellites, but the physical mechanism which can give rise to this emission is still unclear. We performed an extensive exploration of a wide space of the main parameters influencing the jet/ambient interaction. Aims include: 1) to constrain the jet/ambient interaction regimes leading to the X-ray emission observed in Herbig-Haro objects in terms of the emission by a shock forming at the interaction front between a continuous supersonic jet and the surrounding medium; 2) to derive detailed predictions to be compared with optical and X-ray observations of protostellar jets; 3) to get insight int…

PhysicsJet (fluid)Proper motionShock (fluid dynamics)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsSpace (mathematics)Thermal conductionSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSpace and Planetary ScienceRadiative transferHerbig-Haro objects ISM: jets and outflows X-rays: ISM [shock waves ISM]Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSupersonic speedCylindrical coordinate systemshock waves ISM: Herbig-Haro objects ISM: jets and outflows X-rays: ISMAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstronomy & Astrophysics
researchProduct

Electron Induced Massive Dynamics of Magnetic Domain Walls

2019

We study the dynamics of domain walls (DWs) in a metallic, ferromagnetic nanowire. We develop a Keldysh collective coordinate technique to describe the effect of conduction electrons on rigid magnetic structures. The effective Lagrangian and Langevin equations of motion for a DW are derived. The DW dynamics is described by two collective degrees of freedom: position and tilt-angle. The coupled Langevin equations therefore involve two correlated noise sources, leading to a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT). The DW response kernel due to electrons contains two parts: one related to dissipation via FDT, and another `inertial' part. We prove that the latter term leads to a mass …

PhysicsMagnetic domainCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsBare massDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)Equations of motionFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conduction01 natural sciencesHysteresisClassical mechanicsDomain wall (magnetism)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Roles of chiral renormalization on magnetization dynamics in chiral magnets

2018

In metallic ferromagnets, the interaction between local magnetic moments and conduction electrons renormalizes parameters of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation such as the gyromagnetic ratio and the Gilbert damping, and makes them dependent on the magnetic configurations. Although the effects of the renormalization for nonchiral ferromagnets are usually minor and hardly detectable, we show that the renormalization does play a crucial role for chiral magnets. Here the renormalization is chiral and as such we predict experimentally identifiable effects on the phenomenology of magnetization dynamics. In particular, our theory for the self-consistent magnetization dynamics of chiral magnets a…

PhysicsMagnetization dynamicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMagnetic momentCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsGyromagnetic ratioHigh Energy Physics::LatticeMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conduction01 natural sciences3. Good healthRenormalizationFerromagnetismMagnet0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Spinmotive force due to motion of magnetic bubble arrays driven by magnetic field gradient

2014

Interaction between local magnetization and conduction electrons is responsible for a variety of phenomena in magnetic materials. It has been recently shown that spin current and associated electric voltage can be induced by magnetization that depends on both time and space. This effect, called spinmotive force, provides for a powerful tool for exploring the dynamics and the nature of magnetic textures, as well as a new source for electromotive force. Here we theoretically demonstrate the generation of electric voltages in magnetic bubble array systems subjected to a magnetic field gradient. It is shown by deriving expressions for the electric voltages that the present system offers a direc…

PhysicsMagnetization dynamicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsElectromotive forceFOS: Physical sciencesElectronThermal conductionArticleMagnetizationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Current (fluid)VoltageScientific Reports
researchProduct

MHD modeling of coronal loops: the transition region throat

2014

The expansion of coronal loops in the transition region may considerably influence the diagnostics of the plasma emission measure. The cross sectional area of the loops is expected to depend on the temperature and pressure, and might be sensitive to the heating rate. The approach here is to study the area response to slow changes in the coronal heating rate, and check the current interpretation in terms of steady heating models. We study the area response with a time-dependent 2D MHD loop model, including the description of the expanding magnetic field, coronal heating and losses by thermal conduction and radiation from optically thin plasma. We run a simulation for a loop 50 Mm long and qu…

PhysicsMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Sun: coronaMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: transition region; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary ScienceFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaAstrophysicsMechanicsCoronal loopRadiationThermal conductionMagnetic fieldLoop (topology)corona Sun: magnetic fields Sun: transition region magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) [Sun]Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSun: corona Sun: magnetic fields Sun: transition region magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)MagnetohydrodynamicsCurrent (fluid)Sun: transition regionSun: magnetic fieldsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
researchProduct