Search results for " Conversion"

showing 10 items of 447 documents

On the rearrangement of some Z-arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenylisoxazoles into 2-aryl-4-phenacyl-2H-1,2,3-triazoles: a kinetic study of the subst…

2015

Abstract The rearrangement of eight new Z -arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenylisoxazoles ( 3d – k ) into the relevant 2-aryl-4-phenacyl-2 H -1,2,3-triazoles ( 4d – k ) in dioxane/water solution at different proton concentrations has been quantitatively studied in a wide temperature range (293–333 K). The data collected together with some our previous ones on compounds 3a – c have allowed a deep study of the substituent effects on the course of the rearrangement, thus increasing our knowledge on the Boulton–Katritzky reactions in isoxazole derivatives and on the temperature effects on free energy relationships.

ProtonArylOrganic ChemistryMononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles substituent effect phenylisoxazolesSubstituentSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaAtmospheric temperature rangePhenacylKinetic energyBiochemistryMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryIsoxazoleBoulton-Katritzky reactions Isoxazoles Triazoles Ring-into-ring conversion Effect of substituents Free energy relationships
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Null alleles of human complement C4. Evidence for pseudogenes at the C4A locus and for gene conversion at the C4B locus

1990

The two genes for the C4A and C4B isotypes of the fourth component of human complement are located in the MHC class III region. Previous studies have demonstrated the unusual expression of C4 genes in the form of aberrant or duplicated haplotypes. Null alleles of C4A or C4B (AQ0 or BQ0) have been defined by the absence of gene products and occur at frequencies of 0.1-0.3. However, only some C4 null alleles are due to gene deletions, the remainder were thought to be nonexpressed genes. We have analyzed the C4 gene structure of 26 individuals lacking either C4A or C4B protein. The DNA of individuals with apparently nonexpressed C4 genes was tested for the presence of C4A- and C4B-specific seq…

PseudogeneImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataGene ConversionLocus (genetics)chemical and pharmacologic phenomenaPolymerase Chain ReactionRestriction fragmentComplement C4bImmunology and AllergyHumansGene conversionAlleleGeneAllelesGeneticsbiologyBase SequenceHomozygoteC4AComplement C4aComplement C4ArticlesDNANull alleleMolecular biologyGenesbiology.proteinDNA ProbesOligonucleotide ProbesPseudogenesThe Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Low-Noise Amplification and Frequency Conversion with a Multiport Microwave Optomechanical Device

2016

High-gain amplifiers of electromagnetic signals operating near the quantum limit are crucial for quantum information systems and ultrasensitive quantum measurements. However, the existing techniques have a limited gain-bandwidth product and only operate with weak input signals. Here we demonstrate a two-port optomechanical scheme for amplification and routing of microwave signals, a system that simultaneously performs high-gain amplification and frequency conversion in the quantum regime. Our amplifier, implemented in a two-cavity microwave optomechanical device, shows 41 dB of gain and has a high dynamic range, handling input signals up to $10^{13}$ photons per second, three orders of magn…

QC1-999ta221nanorummutelectromagnetic signalsmicrowave signalsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesmikroaallotFrequency conversionkvanttirajatMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantumComputer Science::DatabasesPhysicsQuantum Physicssähkömagneettiset signaalitCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryPhysicsfungifood and beverages021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyquantum limitsLow noiseOptoelectronicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusinessSignal amplificationMicrowavePhysical Review X
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Photostability and Photoreactivity in Biomolecules: Quantum Chemistry of Nucleic Acid Base Monomers and Dimers

2008

The great potentials of high-level ab initio methods, in particular, the CASPT2//CASSCF protocol, are fully illustrated through: (i) the study of ultrafast energy relaxation in DNA/RNA base monomers, (ii) the intrinsic population mechanism of the lowest triplet state, and (iii) how bioexcimers can be considered as precursors of charge transfer and photoinduced reactivity. In order to describe these processes properly, the presence of conical intersections (CIs) and the topology of the involved pathways have to be determined correctly. Thus, in theoretical calculations the dynamic electronic correlation has to be considered. The accessibility of the CIs (or the seam of CIs) becomes crucial t…

Quantitative Biology::Biomoleculeseducation.field_of_studyChemistryPopulationInternal conversion (chemistry)PhotochemistryQuantitative Biology::GenomicsThyminechemistry.chemical_compoundIntersystem crossingAb initio quantum chemistry methodsExcited stateTriplet stateGround stateeducation
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Génération et interfaçage de lumière à photon unique et contrôle de la dynamique atomique ultra-rapide pour l’information quantique

2010

We develop a robust and realistic mechanism for the generation of indistinguishable single-photon (SP) pulses with identical frequency and polarization. They are produced on demand from a coupled double-Raman atom-cavity system driven by a sequence of laser pump pulses. This scheme features a high efficiency, the ability to produce a sequence of narrow-band SP pulses with a delay determined only by the pump repetition rate, and simplicity of the system free from complications such as repumping process and environmental dephasing. We propose and analyze a simple scheme of parametric frequency conversion for optical quantum information in cold atomic ensembles. Its remarkable properties are m…

Quantum beatingsParametric interactionAtomic coherenceFour-wave-mixing processProcessus de mélange à quatre ondesCavity quantum electrodynamics[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Single-photon generationCohérence atomiqueSelective excitationElectrodynamique quantique en cavitéExcitation sélective[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Conversion de fréquence quantiqueBattements quantiquesGénération de photons uniquesQuantum frequency conversionInteraction paramétrique
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Integrated frequency shifter in periodically poled lithium tantalate waveguide

2010

A frequency shifting device is fabricated and tested in a ferroelectric waveguide in a low-photorefractivity crystal. Periodic poling for quasi-phase-matching and channels for operation in the near-infrared C-band were obtained in congruent lithium tantalate, demonstrating for the first time both wave confinement and two-stage parametric conversion in such waveguides.

Quasi-phase-matchingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsPhotorefractive effectWaveguide (optics)Ferroelectricitychemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryPeriodic polingNonlinear optics Integrated optics Parametric conversionLithium tantalateElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMicrowave
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The SPEDE spectrometer

2017

8 pags., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Radioactive ion beamsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsElectron spectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesElectronnucl-ex7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesMomentumNuclear physicsInternal conversion0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - ExperimentDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentphysics.ins-detPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Magnetic fieldPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Evaluation of the optimal renewable electricity mix for Lampedusa island: The adoption of a technical and economical methodology

2020

Abstract Worldwide, the majority of small islands not connected to the main grid is still dependent on fossil fuels. From an economic and environmental point of view, this condition is no more sustainable given the high costs for electricity generation and the high level of pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the dependence on fossil fuel represents a risk for the security of the supply of several small developing Countries since they are obliged to import those resources from foreign Countries. The introduction of renewable energy sources in small islands represents a valid solution to solve these problems. In this context, the paper investigates the case of Lampedusa, a small Italian island…

Renewable energyFossil fuel power plant020209 energyStrategy and ManagementRenewable energie02 engineering and technologyElectric power systemIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringSmall islandFossil fuel depositWave energy conversion Engineering uncontrolled terms: Grid stability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSea waveCost of electricity by sourceRenewable energy resource0505 lawGeneral Environmental ScienceSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleWind powerLCOEElectric power generationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industry05 social sciencesPhotovoltaic systemEngineering controlled terms: Developing countrieFossil fuelEnergy mixEnvironmental economicsRenewable energySettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaElectricity generationSmall island Engineering main heading: Small power plantsWater waveMediterranean sea050501 criminologyDiesel power plantEnvironmental scienceElectric powerElectricitybusinessGrid stabilityJournal of Cleaner Production
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Lead acetate precursor based p-i-n perovskite solar cells with enhanced reproducibility and low hysteresis

2015

A low temperature approach for the fabrication of p-i-n perovskite solar cells is presented. Using lead acetate-based precursors, flat and homogeneous CH3NH3PbI3 films, compatible with the use of thin organic charge transport layers, can be obtained. The corresponding solar cells showed power conversion efficiency up to 12.5%, with remarkable reproducibility and very low hysteresis.

ReproducibilityMaterials scienceFabricationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnergy conversion efficiencyfood and beveragesNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceHysteresisChemical engineeringLead acetateHomogeneousGeneral Materials SciencePerovskite (structure)Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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Broadband stimulated Raman backscattering

2016

International audience; Broadband amplification employing stimulated Raman backscattering is demonstrated. Using seed pulses with a bandwidth of about 200 nm, we study the amplification in a wide spectral range in a single laser shot. With chirped pump pulses and a Ne gas jet, we observed under optimized conditions, amplification in a range of about 80 nm, which is sufficient to support the amplification of sub-20 fs pulses. This broad amplification range is also in excellent agreement with PIC simulations. The conversion efficiency is at certain wavelengths as high as 1.2% and was measured to be better than 6×10 −3 on average.

SRBSPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiation010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionNeonsymbols.namesakeOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesBroadband010306 general physicsplasmaPhysics[PHYS]Physics [physics]business.industryScatteringEnergy conversion efficiencyLaserlaserWavelengthchemistrysymbolsstimulated Raman backscatteringbusinessRaman scattering
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