Search results for " Country"

La rajola a la costa i els residus a l’interior. Mapa dels conflictes socioecològics al País Valencià

2020

EnglishIn the last decade, the Valencian Country has experimented a growth of the productive processes that has led to an unprecedented degradation of the territory. At the same time, the increase in the ecological, material and carbon footprint has led to the generation of socio-ecological conflicts. A typology of socio-ecological conflicts is proposed, consisting of 5 categories —derived from urban processes, infrastructures, pollution and public health, the extraction of mineral resources and the use of water resources—, which classifies and places them on the 'map of the socio-ecological conflicts of the Valencia Country'. The map locates such environmental conflicts. Furthermore, the u…

Patterns of international capital flows and their implications for developing countries

2017

According to standard economic theory, capital should flow from rich to poor countries. However, a reverse pattern has prevailed in the world economy. This is the so-called Lucas paradox. In addition, it has been shown that, counterintuitively, there is a negative correlation between capital inflow and productivity growth across developing countries. This is the so-called allocation puzzle. This review sheds light on the following questions: “What are the patterns of international capital flows in the world economy?”, “What are the most plausible explanations for these patterns?”, and “What are the possible implications of these developments for developing countries?” In addition, the curre…

Good and useless FDI: The growth effects of greenfield investment and mergers and acquisitions

2017

We explore the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth, distinguishing between mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and “greenfield” investment. A simple model underlines that, unlike greenfield investment, M&As partly represent a rent accruing to previous owners, and do not necessarily contribute to expanding the host country's capital stock. Greenfield FDI should therefore have a stronger impact on growth than M&A sales. This hypothesis is supported by our empirical results that are based on a panel of up to 127 industrialized, emerging, and developing countries over 1990 to 2010.

Export Barriers and Competitiveness of Developing Economies: The Case of the Ethiopian Leather Footwear Industry

2017

Export competitiveness is an important success factor for developing economies. However, several barriers can prevent firms from exporting. This study empirically investigates export barriers in the Ethiopian leather footwear industry. We identify 10 conceptually linked barriers that are prevalent in the industry. Whereas some of the export barriers are in line with previous research, we find several new barriers such as logistics and export marketing. On the firm level, we identify different clusters of firms that are facing specific sub-sets of barriers. Depending on cluster membership, management must focus on certain export barriers for increasing competitiveness.

Diabetes in active tuberculosis in low-income countries: to test or to take care?

2019

Saving Lives at Birth: The Impact of Home Births on Infant Outcomes

2012

Many developed countries have recently experienced sharp increases in home birth rates. This paper investigates the impact of home births on the health of low-risk newborns using data from the Netherlands, the only developed country where home births are widespread. To account for endogeneity in location of birth, we exploit the exogenous variation in distance from a mother’s residence to the closest hospital. We find that giving birth in a hospital leads to substantial reductions in newborn mortality. We provide suggestive evidence that proximity to medical technologies may be an important channel contributing to these health gains.

The Influence of Country-of-Origin on Human Resource Strategy of Multinational Companies in Developing Countries

2009

Human resources can be one of the company's sources of competitive advantage if it is managed effectively and efficiently. Taking this into considerations, MNCs are straggling in designing the human resource strategy that helps them to gain competitive advantage in host countries. In a globalized world however, multinational companies (MNCs) are in the complex pressure of finding appropriate balance between global, home country and local practices especially in the area of human resource management due to the fact that cultural contexts differ significantly among nations. According to theories of ethnocentricity, MNCs tend to transplant the dominant business strategic practices of the count…

The current state of research on eGovernment in developing countries: A literature review

2012

Published version of a chapter in the book: Electronic Government. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33489-4_1 This paper reports a review of literature on eGovernment in the context of developing countries published between 2005 and 2010. The insights emerging from this review may guide researchers in their continued investigation of eGovernment implementation, especially in the context of developing countries. From a review of 108 papers, the study found some substantive changes in the field of eGovernment research. These included increased adoption of interpretive paradigm and increased use of theories in the research. Some future research directio…

The Multi-Fibre Arrangement—A hydra of protectionism?

1981

Talks are at present in progress in Geneva among 51 industrialised and developing countries on a renewal of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA) which expires at the end of 1981. The preliminaries of the negotiations have already revealed the existence of massive conflicts of interest not only between the industrialised countries on the one hand and the developing countries on the other but also within the two groups. The talks are moreover overshadowed by threats from individual industrialised countries to resort to unilateral protectionist measures unless a result satisfactory to them is achieved. This situation is the more explosive as the outcome of the negotiations is regarded worldwide a…

Four Strategies of Social Media Use Among Indonesian Politicians

2017

Part 14: Current Issues; International audience; This study aims at unveiling strategies based on the patterned use of social media by politicians. Using an interpretive case study involving Indonesian politicians from national, provincial, and district level parliaments, the study identifies four strategies: nominal, instrumental, manipulative, and genuine. The selected strategy is reflected by internal and external affordances of social media perceived by the politicians, and influenced by a variety of constraints. These include poor Internet connection, limited capabilities of politicians, low ICT literacy among constituents, security issues, personal attack, unsupportive regulation, and…