Search results for " DEGRADATION"
showing 10 items of 510 documents
The Cleavage Product of Amyloid-β Protein Precursor sAβPPα Modulates BAG3-Dependent Aggresome Formation and Enhances Cellular Proteasomal Activity
2015
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major age-associated form of dementia characterized by gradual cognitive decline. Aberrant cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) is thought to play an important role in the pathology of this disease. Two principal AβPP processing pathways exist: amyloidogenic cleavage of AβPP resulting in production of the soluble N-terminal fragment sAβPPβ, amyloid-β (Aβ), which accumulates in AD brain, and the AβPP intracellular domain (AICD) sAβPPα, p3 and AICD are generated in the non-amyloidogenic pathway. Prevalence of amyloidogenic versus non-amyloidogenic processing leads to depletion of sAβPPα and an increase in Aβ. Although sAβPPα is a well-accepted neu…
Perturbed interactions of mutant proteolipid protein/DM20 with cholesterol and lipid rafts in oligodendroglia: implications for dysmyelination in spa…
2006
Missense mutations in the humanPLP1gene lead to dysmyelinating diseases with a broad range of clinical severity, ranging from severe Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD) to milder spastic paraplegia type 2 (SPG-2). The molecular pathology has been generally attributed to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of misfolded proteolipid protein (PLP) (and its splice isoform DM20) and induction of the unfolded protein response. As opposed to previous studies of heterologous expression systems, we have analyzed PLP/DM20 trafficking in oligodendroglial cells, thereby revealing differences between PMD and SPG-2-associated PLP/DM20 isoforms. PLPA242Vand DM20A242V(jimpy-msdin mice), associated with seve…
Protein modulation in mouse heart under acute and chronic hypoxia
2011
Exploring cellular mechanisms underlying beneficial and detrimental responses to hypoxia represents the object of the present study. Signaling molecules controlling adaptation to hypoxia (HIF-1α), energy balance (AMPK), mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α), autophagic/apoptotic processes regulation and proteomic dysregulation were assessed. Responses to acute hypoxia (AH) and chronic hypoxia (CH) in mouse heart proteome were detected by 2-D DIGE, mass spectrometry and antigen-antibody reactions. Both in AH and CH, the results indicated a deregulation of proteins related to sarcomere stabilization and muscle contraction. Neither in AH nor in CH the HIF-1α stabilization was observed. In AH, the …
RNaseE-mediated mRNA degradation as determinant of polarity in phage f1.
2008
RNA processing and degradation are important steps in the regulation of gene expression. The genes present on the DNA of filamentous phage f1 are expressed at very different levels. A group of genes which are expressed at a very low level (genes III, VI, I and IV is located in the region IF of the phage DNA. The current model proposes that expression of the genes III. VI and I (which form an operon) is regulated by readthrough transcription at a weak terminator located at the end of gene III, while that of gene IV by a terminator located at the end of it. In contrast with this, we found that very long transcripts complementary to the entire f1 DNA are synthesized in the infected cells and t…
Splash erosion: A review with unanswered questions
2017
66 Pags.- 1 Tabl.- 7 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252
Detection of lactobacillic acid in low erucic rapeseed oil--A note of caution when quantifying cyclic fatty acid monomers in vegetable oils.
2010
International audience; The purpose of this work was to identify an unknown component which has been detected during the analysis of cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAMs) in low erucic acid rapeseed oils (LEAR). A sample of crude LEAR was transformed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and hydrogenated using PtO2. The hydrogenated sample was fractionated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and the fraction containing the CFAMs transformed into picolinyl esters. Analysing these picolinyl derivatives by gas-liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the unknown product observed in LEAR is the 11,12-methylene-octadecanoic acid. This cyc…
Alcadein cleavages by amyloid beta-precursor protein (APP) alpha- and gamma-secretases generate small peptides, p3-Alcs, indicating Alzheimer disease…
2009
Alcadeins (Alcs) constitute a family of neuronal type I membrane proteins, designated Alc(alpha), Alc(beta), and Alc(gamma). The Alcs express in neurons dominantly and largely colocalize with the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain. Alcs and APP show an identical function as a cargo receptor of kinesin-1. Moreover, proteolytic processing of Alc proteins appears highly similar to that of APP. We found that APP alpha-secretases ADAM 10 and ADAM 17 primarily cleave Alc proteins and trigger the subsequent secondary intramembranous cleavage of Alc C-terminal fragments by a presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase complex, thereby generating "APP p3-like" and non-aggregative Alc pe…
Electrochemical characterization of mangrove sediments: A proposal of new proxies for organic matter oxidation
2019
Abstract The voltammetric response of microparticulate deposits resulting from solvent evaporation of ethanolic extracts of mangrove sediments in contact with aqueous acetate buffer is hereby described. Dated sediment cores sampled from the Peruvian mangrove system (“Manglares de Tumbes” National Sanctuary) presented voltammetric responses dominated by oxidative signals of organic components that exhibit significant variations depending on the depth. Voltammetric data allowed for the definition of electrochemical indexes representative of the electrochemically oxidable organic matter fraction. These electrochemical indexes were fEAOM (for the total amount of organic matter being electrochem…
Soil erosion modelling: a global review and statistical analysis
2021
40 Pags.- 10 Figs.- 2 Tabls.- Suppl. Informat. The definitive version is available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00489697
Assessing land condition as a first step to achieving land degradation neutrality : A case study of the Republic of Srpska
2018
Abstract Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) is a key voluntary and aspirational target of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15 which urges countries to protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. A first and critical important step in the implementation of LDN is assessing the current land condition using not only active restoration of degraded land, but also targeting land degradation drivers behind the land degradation process. In a first step to achieve these goals, countries were provided a global dataset for three sub-indicators of land degra…