Search results for " DEGRADATION"
showing 10 items of 510 documents
The Effects of Nanoclay on the Mechanical Properties, Carvacrol Release and Degradation of a PLA/PBAT Blend
2020
The formulation of polymeric films endowed with the abilities of controlled release of antimicrobials and biodegradability is the latest trend of food packaging. Biodegradable polymer (Bio-Flex®
Thermal transformation of micro-crystalline cellulose in phosphoric acid
2011
Use of crude oil derivatives such as diesel and gasoline is becoming unsuitable due to their detriment to environment and to the increasing worldwide energy demand which is driving crude oil reservoirs towards exhaustion. Replacement of diesel and gasoline with biofuels (i.e. biodiesel and bioethanol, respectively) is very desirable. In fact, biofuels are not only environmentally sustainable, but also potentially inexhaustible due to the large amounts of waste biomasses from which they can be retrieved. In the present study, a model compound (micro-crystalline cellulose) was dissolved in phosphoric acid and converted at 80 °C to glucose, thereby providing the possible substrate for fermenta…
Plant Pigments: Properties, Analysis, Degradation
2005
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the molecular structures, the general physicochemical properties of plant pigments, and the mechanisms involved in pigment degradation. The invasive and noninvasive methods used for pigment analysis, including the mechanisms involved in pigment degradation, are reviewed. The chapter presents different analytical methods that can be used to identify pigments. All the methods are invasive techniques that are time consuming and often expensive. To reduce sampling and analytical costs, and to speed up the analyses, noninvasive analytical procedures have been developed with the aim to characterize the pigment content of samples, and in the case of food pr…
Performance of polyester-based electrospun scaffolds under in vitro hydrolytic conditions: From short-term to long-term applications
2019
The evaluation of the performance of polyesters under in vitro physiologic conditions is essential to design scaffolds with an adequate lifespan for a given application. In this line, the degradation-durability patterns of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), polydioxanone (PDO), polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) scaffolds were monitored and compared giving, as a result, a basis for the specific design of scaffolds from short-term to long-term applications. For this purpose, they were immersed in ultra-pure water and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at 37 °
Estimation of the degrading genetic potential of soil bacterial communities: a new tool for evaluating and predicting soil contamination by organic m…
2007
During the last two centuries, industrialisation has led to increasing contamination of the environment by xenobiotics, notably aromatic compounds (i.e. PAHs, pesticides). These widespread pollutants are a major threat affecting soil quality and human health. In this context, numerous policies have been drawn up notably in Europe, to monitor the threats of pollution to ecosystems and to detect and implement measures to counterbalance the damage. Nevertheless, the European Commission and scientific community are still confronted with a lack of appropriate tools to monitor biodiversity in relation to environmental processes affecting global warming and soil protection. This study proposes too…
Abstract 1690: Differential autophagy activation in KRAS and EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinomas.
2013
Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in western countries, and adenocarcinomas (LADs) are the most frequent histological subtype. The aberrant activation of the kinases promotes plethora of tumorigenic processes, mainly through PI3K and MAPK oncogenic pathways leading to oncogene addiction. The activation of PI3K pathway deregulates mTOR, a master kinase for cell growth and autophagy. Autophagy can be pro- or anti- tumorigenic, however its roles in protecting tumors exposed to metabolic stress under chemotherapy are considered as a survival mechanism for the tumors leading to acquired resistance. Consequently, the inhibition of autophagy is an attractive therapy to pre…
Carbocysteine degradation catalyzed by organotin(IV) compounds.
2008
Influence of age on osteoarthritis progression after anterior cruciate ligament transection in rats.
2013
Abstract The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model of osteoarthritis (OA) in young rats is widely used to study the pathogenesis of OA and possible treatment approaches. As aging is a key factor in the progression of this condition, it is hypothesized that animals may vary in their responses to ACLT according to their age. The histopathological features of young (2 month-old) and middle-aged (12 month-old) rats in the presence or absence of ACLT were compared. The results indicated that moderate degradative changes can be detected in the knee joints of sham-operated middle-aged rats compared with young animals. After ACLT, cartilage degradation was significantly higher in midd…
Effects of vinblastine, leucine, and histidine, and 3-methyladenine on autophagy in Ehrlich ascites cells.
1990
The microtubule inhibitor vinblastine causes accumulation of autophagic vacuoles in many cell types. In hepatocytes, many of the accumulated vacuoles are nascent, which has been interpreted to suggest that vinblastine acts by inhibiting the fusion of hydrolase-containing lysosomes with early autophagic vacuoles. However, our previous results suggested that, in Ehrlich ascites cells, vinblastine causes accumulation mainly of older autophagic vacuoles (AVs). This study was undertaken to further characterize the mode of action of vinblastine in these cells. The vinblastine-accumulated AVs were quantified by electron-microscopic morphometry. In addition, the effects of inhibitors of autophagic …
On the physico-chemical evolution of low-pH and CEM I cement pastes interacting with Callovo-Oxfordian pore water under its in situ CO2 partial press…
2014
International audience; Abstract Within the framework of geological repositories for radioactive waste, structural concretes must be adapted to the underground chemical conditions. CEM I cement-based materials are characterised by high pH that may produce an alkaline plume in the near-field of the repository. In order to avoid this problem, low-pH cements have been designed. This study compares the physico-chemical behaviour of a low-pH material with a CEM I cement paste, both being subjected to leaching by an aqueous solution. An original experimental setup was designed to reproduce the underground conditions using a specific CO2 regulation device. Under these conditions, the low-pH materi…