Search results for " DIABETES MELLITUS"

Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Diabetic Foot

2022

Background and Objectives: Diabetic foot (DF) development is driven by complex interactions of hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress (OS). We aimed to investigate OS and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with DF and their potential to improve early diagnosis and management of DF. Materials and Methods: The prooxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total oxidative status (TOS), total sulfhydryl groups (SHG), routine biochemical parameters, and complete blood count were determined in 42 patients with type-2 DM, of which 23 patients had DF, while 19 patients were without DF complications. The neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was evaluated as a b…

Inflammation and impaired endothelium-dependant vasodilatation in non obese women with gestational diabetes mellitus: preliminary results

2013

International audience; BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether abnormal endothelial function, a common finding in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies, can be explained by inflammatory cytokines. METHODS: Forearm skin blood flow (FSBF), into response to acetylcholine (Ach) (endothelium-dependent vasodilatation), were measured in 24 pregnant control subjects and 28 gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women, in the third trimester of gestation. A fasting glycemic and lipidic panel was obtained, and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6) and adiponectin were also determined. RESULTS: FSBF is significantly reduced in GDM group compared with control subjects (344.59 +/- 57.791 vs.176.38…

Extracellular Vesicle Encapsulated MicroRNAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Are Affected by Metformin Treatment

2019

Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as a source of potential biomarkers for various pathophysiological conditions, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is the most prevalent form of diabetes in the USA, with 30 million diagnosed patients. Identifying miRNA biomarkers that can be used to assess response to glucose lowering treatments would be useful. Using patient plasma samples from a subset of the Danish Metagenomics of the Human Intestinal Tract (MetaHIT) cohort, we characterized miRNAs from whole plasma, plasma-derived EVs, and EV-depleted plasma by small RNA-sequencing to identify T2DM associa…

The Role of the α Cell in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A World beyond the Mirror

2021

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders, and insulin has been placed at the epicentre of its pathophysiological basis. However, the involvement of impaired alpha (α) cell function has been recognized as playing an essential role in several diseases, since hyperglucagonemia has been evidenced in both Type 1 and T2DM. This phenomenon has been attributed to intra-islet defects, like modifications in pancreatic α cell mass or dysfunction in glucagon’s secretion. Emerging evidence has shown that chronic hyperglycaemia provokes changes in the Langerhans’ islets cytoarchitecture, including α cell hyperplasia, pancreatic beta (β) cell dedifferentiati…

Sviluppo di un sistema di supporto decisionale tipo Fuzzy per il controllo della glicemia post-prandiale nel diabete mellito tipo 1

2010

Effects of 5-Azacitidine on Dnmt2/Trdmt1 expression levels and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cellular models of insulinoma

2021

Diabetes mellitus affects people all over the world of all ages or social groups making it a worldwide healthcare challenge. Moreover, untreated or badly treated diabetes carries a risk of serious complications including premature death (IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th edition, 2019). The main symptom of diabetes is insulin secretion and/or action disorder leading to hyperglycemia what results in impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism (“Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus,” 2013). Dnmt2/ Trdmt1 in its structure and sequence is similar to DNA methyltransferases, however, it has been shown that mainly methylates aspartic acid transfer RNA, specifically at the cytosine-38 resi…

Aberrant brain functional networks in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A graph theoretical and support-vector machine approach

2022

ObjectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a high risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the functional connectivity (FC) and topological properties among whole brain networks and correlations with impaired cognition and distinguish T2DM from healthy controls (HC) to identify potential biomarkers for cognition abnormalities.MethodsA total of 80 T2DM and 55 well-matched HC were recruited in this study. Subjects’ clinical data, neuropsychological tests and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired. Whole-brain network FC were mapped, the topological characteristics were ana…

Corrigendum: Cost-Effective, Safe, and Personalized Cell Therapy for Critical Limb Ischemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

2020

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01151.].

Medication adherence and persistence in type 2 diabetes mellitus: perspectives of patients, physicians and pharmacists on the Spanish health care sys…

2017

Elena Labrador Barba,1 Marta Rodríguez de Miguel,1 Antonio Hernández-Mijares,2,3 Francisco Javier Alonso-Moreno,4 Maria Luisa Orera Peña,1 Susana Aceituno,5 María José Faus Dader6 1Department of Medicine, Mylan, Madrid, 2Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Doctor Peset University Hospital, Valencia, 3Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, 4Department for Primary Health Care, Centro de Salud Sillería, Toledo, 5Outcomes’10, Castellon, 6Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain Objective: A good relationship between diabetes pa…

Metabolic syndrome therapy: Prevention of vascular injury by antidiabetic agents

2005

More than 65 million Americans are currently obese. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, frequently seen in obese subjects, affects 17 million adults in the United States, with a continuous and alarmingly increasing rate. To prevent development of diabetes in those who are at high risk, it is recommended to optimize meal planning and enhance physical activity to make sustained weight reduction possible. In addition to lifestyle changes, various oral antidiabetic agents are available, with diverse mechanisms of action. Some target defective insulin secretion (sulphonylureas, benzoic acid derivatives) or glucose absorption (glycosidase inhibitors), whereas others target insulin resistance (metformin, th…