Search results for " DOPAMINE"

The lack of the effect of DA-1 and DA-2 dopamine agonists on the isolated guinea-pig atria.

1987

1 The effects of dopamine and both DA-1 and DA-2 dopamine receptor agonists have been studied on the contractile force of electrically driven guinea-pig left atria and frequency of spontaneously beating right atria. 2 Pretreatment of animals with reserpine caused a parallel rightward shift of the concentration-response curve to dopamine of either preparation. 3 Propranolol, but not domperidone, shifted to the right the dose-response curve for the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of dopamine. 4 Neither apomorphine, fenoldopam, bromocriptine nor piribedil had effects on the frequency and contractile force of the isolated guinea-pig atria. 5 These results suggest that DA-1 and DA-2 …

In vitro P-glycoprotein efflux inhibition by atypical antipsychotics is in vivo nicely reflected by pharmacodynamic but less by pharmacokinetic chang…

2011

Abstract Background P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter of the blood–brain barrier, limits the access of multiple xenobiotics to the central nervous system (CNS). Thus drug-dependent inhibition, induction or genetic variation of P-gp impacts drug therapy. Methods We investigated atypical antipsychotics and their interaction with P-gp. Amisulpride, clozapine, N-desmethylclozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine were assessed in vitro on their inhibitory potential and in vivo on their disposition in mouse serum and brain, and behaviourally on the RotaRod test. In vivo wildtype (WT) and mdr1a/1b double knockout mice (mdr1a/1b (−/−, −/−); KO) were investigated. Results In rhodamine 123 eff…

Association between DRD2/DRD4 interaction and conduct disorder: a potential developmental pathway to alcohol dependence

2013

1 Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, United Kingdom, UK 3 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany 4 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 5 Psychology Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 6 Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition an…

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance use disorders, and criminality: a difficult problem with complex solutions.

2014

Abstract The association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and criminality has been increasingly recognized as an important societal concern. Studies conducted in different settings have revealed high rates of ADHD among adolescent offenders. The risk for criminal behavior among individuals with ADHD is increased when there is psychiatric comorbidity, particularly conduct disorder and substance use disorder. In the present report, it is aimed to systematically review the literature on the epidemiological, neurobiological, and other risk factors contributing to this association, as well as the key aspects of the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD among offende…

A Diet for Dopaminergic Neurons?

2009

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, which unfortunately is still fatal. Since the discovery of dopamine (DA) neuronal cell loss within the substantia nigra in PD, the past decades have seen the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the degenerative process advance at a very impressive rate. Nevertheless, there is at present no cure for PD. Although there are no proven therapies for prevention, a large body of evidence from animal studies has highlighted the paramount role of dietary factors in counteracting DA degeneration. Consistently, associations between the risk of developing PD and the intake of nutrients, individual fo…

Nuovi derivati della Dopamina nell’Addiction da sostanze d’abuso: studi preclinici su modelli sperimentali murini

Bioactive Oleic Derivatives of Dopamine: A Review of the Therapeutic Potential

2018

Lipid derivatives of dopamine are a novel class of compounds raising a research interest due to the potential of their being a vehicle for dopamine delivery to the brain. The aim of the present paper is to review the main features of the two most prominent bioactive members of this family, namely, N-oleoyl-dopamine (OLDA) and 3′-O-methyl-N-oleoyl-dopamine (OMe-OLDA), with emphasis on the possible therapeutic properties.

Oleic Derivatives of Dopamine and Respiration

2018

Ventilatory inhibition is considered an undesirable pharmacological side effect of pharmacotherapy in neurodegenerative conditions underlain by brain dopamine deficiency. In this context, oleic derivatives of dopamine or N-acyl-dopamines are novel substances that may be of high therapeutic interest as having the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and acting in dopamine-like manner. In the present study we seek to define the influence of N-acyl-dopamines on lung ventilation and its hypoxic responses in the rat. We found that N-oleoyl-dopamine decreased both normoxic and peak hypoxic ventilation in response to 8% acute hypoxia, on average, by 31% and 41%, respectively. Its metabolite, 3…

From the Golgi-Cajal mapping to the transmitter-based characterization of the neuronal networks leading to two modes of brain communication: Wiring a…

2007

After Golgi-Cajal mapped neural circuits, the discovery and mapping of the central monoamine neurons opened up for a new understanding of interneuronal communication by indicating that another form of communication exists. For instance, it was found that dopamine may be released as a prolactin inhibitory factor from the median eminence, indicating an alternative mode of dopamine communication in the brain. Subsequently, the analysis of the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons demonstrated a novel type of lower brainstem neuron that monosynaptically and globally innervated the entire CNS. Furthermore, the ascending raphe serotonin neuron systems were found to globally innervate the forebrai…

Reduction of red-green discrimination by dopamine D1 receptor antagonists and retinal dopamine depletion

1996

AbstractReduction of wavelength discrimination ability in the 560–640 nm range, but not in the 404–540 nm range, has been demonstrated in goldfish after intravitreal injection of D1-dopamine receptor antagonists. Intravitreal injection of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-OH-dopamine severely reduced wavelength discrimination ability in the 540–661 nm range within 3 days. Discrimination ability could be reconstituted by the Dl-agonist SKF 38393. Animals recovered from injection of 6-OH-dopamine within 14–16 days. No change of wavelength discrimination was induced by 6-OH-dopamine in the 461–540 nm range. We conclude that under photopic conditions dopamine modulates retinal mechanisms involved i…