Search results for " DRIFT"

showing 6 items of 156 documents

Minimum detection limits and applications of proton and helium induced X-ray emission using transition-edge sensor array

2017

Abstract We have determined minimum detection limits, MDLs, for elements 14 ⩽ Z ⩽ 86 using a transition-edge sensor array, TES array, and as a comparison using an Amptek X-123SDD silicon drift detector, SDD. This was done using a 3 MeV proton beam and a 5.1 MeV helium beam. MDLs were determined for a thin film sample on top of C substrate, and for a bulk sample containing mostly Al. Due to the higher peak-to-background ratio, lower detection limits were obtainable using the TES array for most of the elements. However, for elements 30 ⩽ Z ⩽ 45 the performance of the TES array was not as good as the SDD performance. This is due to the limitations of the TES used at energies >10 keV. The great…

helium-induced x-ray emissionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSilicon drift detectorProtonAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)01 natural sciencesSensor array0103 physical sciencesPIXEThin film010306 general physicsInstrumentationHeliumPhysicsta114minimum detection limit021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryTransition edge sensor0210 nano-technologyTESBeam (structure)
researchProduct

Node co-activations as a means of error detection : Towards fault-tolerant neural networks

2022

Context: Machine learning has proved an efficient tool, but the systems need tools to mitigate risks during runtime. One approach is fault tolerance: detecting and handling errors before they cause harm. Objective: This paper investigates whether rare co-activations – pairs of usually segregated nodes activating together – are indicative of problems in neural networks (NN). These could be used to detect concept drift and flagging untrustworthy predictions. Method: We trained four NNs. For each, we studied how often each pair of nodes activates together. In a separate test set, we counted how many rare co-activations occurred with each input, and grouped the inputs based on whether its class…

machine learningkoneoppiminenerror detectionvirheetfault toleranceneuroverkotneural networksconcept driftluotettavuusdependability
researchProduct

The effect of inbreeding rate on fitness, inbreeding depression and heterosis over a range of inbreeding coefficients

2014

Understanding the effects of inbreeding and genetic drift within populations and hybridization between genetically differentiated populations is important for many basic and applied questions in ecology and evolutionary biology. The magnitudes and even the directions of these effects can be influenced by various factors, especially by the current and historical population size (i.e. inbreeding rate). Using Drosophila littoralis as a model species, we studied the effect of inbreeding rate over a range of inbreeding levels on (i) mean fitness of a population (relative to that of an outbred control population), (ii) within‐population inbreeding depression (reduction in fitness of offspring fro…

population sizePopulation fragmentationgenetic distanceOutbreeding depressionGenetic purgingOriginal ArticlesBiologysymbols.namesakeEffective population sizeInbred strainEvolutionary biologyGeneticsInbreeding depressionsymbolsta1181interpopulation hybridizationgenetic driftGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesInbreedingEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAllee effectgenetic divergence
researchProduct

Durability is improved by both low and high intensity endurance training

2023

Introduction: This is one of the first intervention studies to examine how low- (LIT) and high-intensity endurance training (HIT) affect durability, defined as ‘time of onset and magnitude of deterioration in physiological-profiling characteristics over time during prolonged exercise’.Methods: Sedentary and recreationally active men (n = 16) and women (n = 19) completed either LIT (average weekly training time 6.8 ± 0.7 h) or HIT (1.6 ± 0.2 h) cycling for 10 weeks. Durability was analyzed before and after the training period from three factors during 3-h cycling at 48% of pretraining maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max): 1) by the magnitude and 2) onset of drifts (i.e. gradual change in energy ex…

suorituskykyperceived exertionPhysiologykestävyysharjoitteluPhysiology (medical)durabilityliikuntafysiologiacardiovascular driftinterventiotutkimuslow intensity traininghigh intensity trainingharjoitusvaste
researchProduct

DOBRO : a prediction error correcting robot under drifts

2016

We propose DOBRO, a light online learning module, which is equipped with a smart correction policy helping making decision to correct or not the given prediction depending on how likely the correction will lead to a better prediction performance. DOBRO is a standalone module requiring nothing more than a time series of prediction errors and it is flexible to be integrated into any black-box model to improve its performance under drifts. We performed evaluation in a real-world application with bus arrival time prediction problem. The obtained results show that DOBRO improved prediction performance significantly meanwhile it did not hurt the accuracy when drift does not happen.

ta113Concept driftComputer scienceMean squared prediction error02 engineering and technologyARIMAconcept drifton-line prediction error correction020204 information systems0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRobot020201 artificial intelligence & image processingAutoregressive integrated moving averageSimulation
researchProduct

The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits

2021

Our understanding of how novel warning color traits evolve in natural populations is largely based on studies of reproductive stages and organisms with endogenously produced pigmentation. In these systems, genetic drift is often required for novel alleles to overcome strong purifying selection stemming from frequency-dependent predation and positive assortative mating. Here, we integrate data from field surveys, predation experiments, population genomics, and phenotypic correlations to explain the origin and maintenance of geographic variation in a diet-based larval pigmentation trait in the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei), a pine-feeding hymenopteran. Although our experiments c…

varoitusvärimäntypistiäisetecological geneticsPopulationFREQUENCY-DEPENDENT SELECTIONevoluutioAposematismPredationravintoNegative selectionchemical defenseGenetic driftAposematismpolytypic colorationGeneticsAnimalsaposematismCOLORPOPULATION-GENETICSmuuntelu (biologia)educationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studybiologyPigmentationfungiAssortative matingcarotenoidsfood and beverageshost adaptationbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionHymenopterakarotenoiditREAD ALIGNMENTNeodiprion leconteiSawflyCHEMICAL DEFENSEPhenotypeEvolutionary biologyTRADE-OFFLarvaPredatory Behavior1181 Ecology evolutionary biologySHIFTING BALANCEWOOD TIGER MOTHGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesGENETIC CORRELATIONSMULLERIAN MIMICRYEvolution
researchProduct