Search results for " DUP"

Functional characterization of two melanocortin (MC) receptors in lamprey showing orthology to the MC1 and MC4 receptor subtypes

2007

Abstract Background The melanocortin (MC) receptors have a key role in regulating body weight and pigmentation. They belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The purpose of this study was to identify ancestral MC receptors in agnathan, river lamprey. Results We report cloning of two MC receptors from river lamprey. The lamprey receptors, designated MCa and MCb, showed orthology to the MC1 and MC4 receptor subtypes, respectively. The molecular clock analysis suggested that lamprey MC receptor genes were not duplicated recently and diverged from each other more than 400 MYR ago. Expression and pharmacological characterization showed that the lamprey MCa receptor …

Il processo civile telematico. 2. Duplicati informatici, copie informatiche, attestazione di conformità

2023

L’autore esamina la nuova disciplina, introdotta dal d.lgs. 149/2022 nel codice civile, in materia di duplicati informatici, copie informatiche e attestazione di conformità, evidenziandone le criticità, con particolare riferimento all’insufficiente coordinamento delle disposizioni con il Codice dell’Amministrazione Digitale.

Origin of the prolactin-releasing hormone (PRLH) receptors: evidence of coevolution between PRLH and a redundant neuropeptide Y receptor during verte…

2004

We present seven new vertebrate homologs of the prolactin-releasing hormone receptor (PRLHR) and show that these are found as two separate subtypes, PRLHR1 and PRLHR2. Analysis of a number of vertebrate sequences using phylogeny, pharmacology, and paralogon analysis indicates that the PRLHRs are likely to share a common ancestry with the neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors. Moreover, a micromolar level of NPY was able to bind and inhibit completely the PRLH-evoked response in PRLHR1-expressing cells. We suggest that an ancestral PRLH peptide started coevolving with a redundant NPY binding receptor, which then became PRLHR, approximately 500 million years ago. The PRLHR1 subtype was shown to have…

Quantized Dissensus in switching networks with nodes death and duplication* *Research supported by MURST-PRIN “Robust Techniques for uncertain system…

2009

Abstract In this paper we discuss agents exchanging quantized flows to diverge one from the others according to a dissensus protocol. A Quantized Gossip algorithm is considered. Evolutions of the states during switching intervals and at switching instants and their property are described and analyzed. The modeling of switching systems describing networks where death and duplication processes occur is described. Some properties of the topology reached by the network when different rules of duplication and inheritance are implemented.

A novel approach to investigate the evolution of structured tandem repeat protein families by exon duplication.

2020

Tandem Repeat Proteins (TRPs) are ubiquitous in cells and are enriched in eukaryotes. They contributed to the evolution of organism complexity, specializing for functions that require quick adaptability such as immunity-related functions. To investigate the hypothesis of repeat protein evolution through exon duplication and rearrangement, we designed a tool to analyze the relationships between exon/intron patterns and structural symmetries. The tool allows comparison of the structure fragments as defined by exon/intron boundaries from Ensembl against the structural element repetitions from RepeatsDB. The all-against-all pairwise structural alignment between fragments and comparison of the t…

The Globin Gene Repertoire of Lampreys: Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin and Myoglobin in Jawed and Jawless Vertebrates

2014

Agnathans (jawless vertebrates) occupy a key phylogenetic position for illuminating the evolution of vertebrate anatomy and physiology. Evaluation of the agnathan globin gene repertoire can thus aid efforts to reconstruct the origin and evolution of the globin genes of vertebrates, a superfamily that includes the well-known model proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of the genome of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus )w hich revealed 23 intact globin genes and two hemoglobin pseudogenes. Analyses of the genome of the Arctic lamprey (Lethenteron camtschaticum) identified 18 full length and five partial globin gene sequences. The majority of the globin …

Comparative cytogenetics of human chromosome 3q21.3 reveals a hot spot for ectopic recombination in hominoid evolution

2004

Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of fully integrated human BAC clones to primate chromosomes, combined with precise breakpoint localization by PCR analysis of flow-sorted chromosomes, was used to analyze the evolutionary rearrangements of the human 3q21.3-syntenic region in orangutan, siamang gibbon, and silvered-leaf monkey. Three independent evolutionary breakpoints were localized within a 230-kb segment contained in BACs RP11-93K22 and RP11-77P16. Approximately 200 kb of the human 3q21.3 sequence was not present on the homologous orangutan, siamang, and Old World monkey chromosomes, suggesting a genomic DNA insertion into the breakpoint region in the lineage leading to humans a…

Severity of Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Ipsilateral Hemispheric Ischaemic Events: Results from the ACSRS Study

2005

Objectives. This study determines the risk of ipsilateral ischaemic neurological events in relation to the degree of asymptomatic carotid stenosis and other risk factors. Methods. Patients (n = 1115) with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis greater than 50% in relation to the bulb diameter were followed up for a period of 6-84 (mean 37.1) months. Stenosis was graded using duplex, and clinical and biochemical risk factors were recorded. Results. The relationship between ICA stenosis and event rate is linear when stenosis is expressed by the ECST method, but S-shaped if expressed by the NASCET method. In addition to the ECST grade of stenosis (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.21-2.15), histor…

Tissue-specific mosaicism in a patient with Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome and CREBBP exon 1 duplication

2019

Phylogenetic origin and transcriptional regulation at the post-diauxic phase of SPI1, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2012

15 pages, 4 figures, supplementary material