Search results for " Delay"
showing 10 items of 442 documents
Network Physiology of Cortico–Muscular Interactions
2020
Skeletal muscle activity is continuously modulated across physiologic states to provide coordination, flexibility and responsiveness to body tasks and external inputs. Despite the central role the muscular system plays in facilitating vital body functions, the network of brain-muscle interactions required to control hundreds of muscles and synchronize their activation in relation to distinct physiologic states has not been investigated. Recent approaches have focused on general associations between individual brain rhythms and muscle activation during movement tasks. However, the specific forms of coupling, the functional network of cortico-muscular coordination, and how network structure a…
Prenatal low-level exposure to CO alters postnatal development of hippocampal nitric oxide synthase and haem-oxygenase activities in rats.
2001
The effects of prenatal CO exposure (150 ppm from days 0 to 20 of pregnancy) on the postnatal development of hippocampal neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) and haem-oxygenase (HO-2) isoform activities in 15-, 30- and 90-d-old rats were investigated. Unlike HO-2, hippocampal nNOS activity increased from postnatal days 15-90 in controls. Prenatal CO produced a long-lasting decrease in either nNOS or HO-2. The results suggest that the altered developmental profile of hippocampal nNOS and HO-2 activities could be involved in cognitive deficits and long-term potentiation dysfunction exhibited by rats prenatally exposed to CO levels resulting in carboxyhaemoglobin (HbCO) levels equivalent to those obser…
Association of maternal prenatal smoking GFI1-locus and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 18,212 adults
2018
Background: DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus has been repeatedly associated with exposure to smoking from the foetal period onwards. We explored whether DNA methylation may be a mechanism that links exposure to maternal prenatal smoking with offspring's adult cardio-metabolic health.Methods: We meta-analysed the association between DNA methylation at GFI1-locus with maternal prenatal smoking, adult own smoking, and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 22 population-based studies from Europe, Australia, and USA (n= 18,212). DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus was measured in whole-blood. Multivariable regression models were fitted to examine its association with exposure to prenatal and own adult s…
Homozygous Truncating Intragenic Duplication in TUSC3 Responsible for Rare Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability with No Clinical …
2014
Intellectual disability (ID), which affects around 2–3% of the general population, is classically divided into syndromic and nonsyndromic forms, with several modes of inheritance. Nonsyndromic autosomal recessive ID (NS-ARID) appears extremely heterogeneous with numerous genes identified to date, including inborn errors of metabolism. The TUSC3 gene encodes a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound oligosaccharyltransferase complex, which mediates a key step of N-glycosylation. To date, only five families with NS-ARID and TUSC3 mutations or rearrangements have been reported in the literature. All patients had speech delay, moderate-to-severe ID, and moderate facial dysmorphism. Micr…
Gestational exposure to cocaine alters cocaine reward
2006
Exposure of the developing foetus to drugs of abuse during pregnancy may lead to persistent abnormalities of brain systems involved in drug addiction. Mice prenatally exposed to cocaine (25 mg/kg), physiological saline or non-treated during the last 7 days of pregnancy were evaluated in adulthood for the rewarding properties of cocaine (3, 25 and 50 mg/kg), using the conditioned place preference procedure. Dams treated with physiological saline gained significantly less weight over the course of gestation than controls; no other differences were observed in the maternal and offspring data. All the animals developed preference to 3 and 25 mg/kg of cocaine, but those treated prenatally with c…
Improved Survival in Liver Transplant Patients Receiving Prolonged-release Tacrolimus-based Immunosuppression in the European Liver Transplant Regist…
2019
BACKGROUND: We compared, through the European Liver Transplant Registry, long-term liver transplantation outcomes with prolonged-release tacrolimus (PR-T) versus immediate-release tacrolimus (IR-T)-based immunosuppression. This retrospective analysis comprises up to 8-year data collected between 2008 and 2016, in an extension of our previously published study. METHODS: Patients with <1 month follow-up were excluded; patients were propensity score matched for baseline characteristics. Efficacy measures included: univariate/multivariate analyses of risk factors influencing graft/patient survival up to 8 years posttransplantation, and graft/patient survival up to 4 years with PR-T versus IR-T.…
A Graph Database Approach to Wireless IIoT Workcell Performance Evaluation
2020
The workcell is considered a main building block of various industrial settings. Hence, it is examined as a primary testing environment for studying wireless communication techniques in factory automation processes. A new testbed was recently designed and developed to facilitate such studies in workcells by replicating various data flows in an emulated production environment. In this paper, an approach to storing and analyzing network performance data from a manufacturing factory workcell is introduced. A robotic testbed was constructed using two collaborative grade robot arms, machine emulators, and wireless communication devices. A graph database approach was implemented to capture networ…
MACROCEPHALY FROM A NORMAL VARIANT TO A THREATENING CONDITION. A SINGLE CENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON 189 SUBJECTS
2020
Introduction: Macrocephaly, defined as a head circumference more than two standard deviations from the normal distribution, is among the most frequently requested neuropediatric consultations. Materials: we conducted a retrospective study on 189 subjects with macrocephaly, from birth to 18 years old, enrolled from October 2001 to December 2019, for diagnostic definition and/or neurodevelopmental assessment. Brain sonography has been performed in all infants and CT or MR in selected patients. Results: macrocephaly was prevalent in males (62.4%), a head circumference >3SD (8.5%) has been associated with a neurodevelopmental impairment. A genetic and/or concomitant malformation were present…
Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease pathogenesis: a role for developmental programming and altered circadian rhythms.
2013
Objectives Emerging evidence suggests that maternal obesity (MO) predisposes offspring to obesity and the recently described non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) but involved mechanisms remain unclear. Using a pathophysiologically relevant murine model, we here investigated a role for the biological clock - molecular core circadian genes (CCG) in the generation of NAFPD. Design Female C57BL6 mice were fed an obesogenic diet (OD) or standard chow (SC) for 6 weeks, prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation and lactation: resulting offspring were subsequently weaned onto either OD (Ob_Ob and Con_Ob) or standard chow (Ob_Con and Con_Con) for 6 months. Biochemical, pro-inflammatory and…
A Flux Method for the Numerical Solution of the Stochastic Collection Equation
1998
Abstract A new mass conservative flux method is presented for the numerical solution of the stochastic collection equation. The method consists of a two-step procedure. In the first step the mass distribution of drops with mass x′ that have been newly formed in a collision process is entirely added to grid box k of the numerical grid mesh with xk ⩽ x′ ⩽ xk+1. In the second step a certain fraction of the water mass in grid box k is transported to k + 1. This transport is done by means of an advection procedure. Different numerical test runs are presented in which the proposed method is compared with the Berry–Reinhardt scheme. These tests show a very good agreement between the two approaches…