Search results for " Detection"
showing 10 items of 1676 documents
The use of multiplex PCR to detect and differentiate food- and beverage-associated microorganisms: a review.
2007
Regarding food safety, rapid detection of microbial species is crucial to develop effective preventive and/or adjustment measures. Classical methods for determining the presence of certain species are time-consuming and labor-intensive, hence, molecular methods, which offer speed, sensitivity and specificity, have been developed to address this problem. Multiplex PCR (MPCR) is widely applied in the various fields of microbiology for the rapid differentiation of microbial species without compromising accuracy. This paper describes the method and reports on the state-of-the-art application of this technique to the identification of microorganisms vehiculated with foods and beverages. The iden…
A molecular method to assess Phytophthora diversity in environmental samples
2012
Current molecular detection methods for the genus Phytophthora are specific to a few key species rather than the whole genus and this is a recognized weakness of protocols for ecological studies and international plant health legislation. In the present study a molecular approach was developed to detect Phytophthora species in soil and water samples using novel sets of genus-specific primers designed against the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Two different rDNA primer sets were tested: one assay amplified a long product including the ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 regions (LP) and the other a shorter product including the ITS1 only (SP). Both assays specifically amplified products from Phy…
Evaluation of the diagnostic performances of two commercially available assays for the detection of enteric adenovirus antigens
2021
The performance of 2 antigenic commercial assays for enteric adenovirus (AdV) infection, bioNexia Rota-Adeno ImmunoChromatographic Tests (ICT) and LIAISON® Adenovirus ChemiLuminescence Immuno Assays (CLIA), was evaluated on 321 stools from children hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in Palermo, Italy, using a Real time-PCR (Rt-PCR) as reference method. The CLIA showed higher sensitivity (77% vs 60%), accuracy (94.4 vs 90.9) and concordance (k: 0.81 vs 0.67) with respect to ICT, despite equivalent specificity (98.8%). Using the Ct values of the Rt-PCR as a proxy of the fecal viral load, similar Ct values (mean 9.32 vs 9.89) were observed among the true positive samples, whilst a signific…
Novel image processing approach to detect malaria
2015
In this paper we present a novel image processing algorithm providing good preliminary capabilities for in vitro detection of malaria. The proposed concept is based upon analysis of the temporal variation of each pixel. Changes in dark pixels mean that inter cellular activity happened, indicating the presence of the malaria parasite inside the cell. Preliminary experimental results involving analysis of red blood cells being either healthy or infected with malaria parasites, validated the potential benefit of the proposed numerical approach. S.F. acknowledges the grant from Area Science Park of Trieste. J.G. acknowledges the support he got from project FIS2013-47548-P. D.M. and B.F. acknowl…
New Insights Into Mitochondrial DNA Reconstruction and Variant Detection in Ancient Samples
2021
Ancient DNA (aDNA) studies are frequently focused on the analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is much more abundant than the nuclear genome, hence can be better retrieved from ancient remains. However, postmortem DNA damage and contamination make the data analysis difficult because of DNA fragmentation and nucleotide alterations. In this regard, the assessment of the heteroplasmic fraction in ancient mtDNA has always been considered an unachievable goal due to the complexity in distinguishing true endogenous variants from artifacts. We implemented and applied a computational pipeline for mtDNA analysis to a dataset of 30 ancient human samples from an Iron Age necropolis in Poliz…
Correlation-Based Cell Degradation Detection for Operational Fault Detection in Cellular Wireless Base-Stations
2013
The management and troubleshooting of faults in mobile radio networks are challenging as the complexity of radio networks is increasing. A proactive approach to system failures is needed to reduce the number of outages and to reduce the duration of outages in the operational network in order to meet operator’s requirements on network availability, robustness, coverage, capacity and service quality. Automation is needed to protect the operational expenses of t he network. Through a good performance of the network element and a low failure probability the network can operate more efficiently reducing the necessity for equipment investments. We present a new method that utilizes the correlatio…
Verification of scope-dependent hierarchical state machines
2008
AbstractA hierarchical state machine (Hsm) is a finite state machine where a vertex can either expand to another hierarchical state machine (box) or be a basic vertex (node). Each node is labeled with atomic propositions. We study an extension of such model which allows atomic propositions to label also boxes (Shsm). We show that Shsms can be exponentially more succinct than Shsms and verification is in general harder by an exponential factor. We carefully establish the computational complexity of reachability, cycle detection, and model checking against general Ltl and Ctl specifications. We also discuss some natural and interesting restrictions of the considered problems for which we can …
Design and development of heterologous competitive immunoassays for the determination of boscalid residues
2014
Boscalid is a modern agrochemical belonging to the so-called chemical class of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides. With the aim of developing rapid analytical screening methods for this relevant compound, we herein report the synthesis of new boscalid mimics and the study of their suitability for the production of polyclonal antibodies. Aliphatic spacer arms equivalent in length and composition were tethered at two different aromatic rings of the target molecular structure. These haptens, besides being used for immunization, were employed in the development of heterologous competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISAs) in order to improve assay detectability. Direct and …
Detection of Hypoxanthine from Inosine and Unusual Hydrolysis of Immunosuppressive Drug Azathioprine through the Formation of a Diruthenium(III) Syst…
2021
Hypoxanthine (hpx) is an important molecule for both biochemistry research and biomedical applications. It is involved in several biological processes associated to energy and purine metabolism and has been proposed as a biomarker for a variety of disease states. Consequently, the discovery and development of systems suitable for the detection of hypoxanthine is pretty appealing in this research field. Thus, we have obtained a stable diruthenium (III) compound in its dehydrated and hydrated forms with formula [{Ru(µ
Weed detection by aerial imagery : toward weed management by UAV
2016
The agricultural framework aims to reduce pesticide use on fields. Weed management, which is highly herbicide consuming, became a great issue. In order to develop a weed management service using UAV, this PhD dissertation studies how to adapt the acquisition system (UAV + multispectral camera) developed by AIRINOV to detect weeds in row crops. The acquisition chain was modeled to assess some of its parameters (optical filters and spatial resolution) impact on weed detection quality. Orthoimages and orthorectified images were created using a multispectral camera (4 to 8 filters) with 6 mm to 6 cm spatial resolutions. Several weed location methods were specifically developed to study multispe…