Search results for " Differentiation"

showing 10 items of 1514 documents

JAK3/STAT5/6 Pathway Alterations Are Associated with Immune Deviation in CD8+ T Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients

2010

To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying altered T cell response in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, we compared autologous and allogeneic CD8(+) T cell responses against RCC line from RCC patients and their HLA-matched donors, using mixed lymphocyte/tumor cell cultures (MLTCs). In addition, we analyzed the expression of molecules associated with cell cycle regulation. Autologous MLTC responder CD8(+) T cells showed cytotoxic activity against RCC cell lines; however the analysis of the distribution of CD8(+) T-cell subsets revealed that allogenic counterparts mediate superior antitumor efficacy. In RCC patients, a decreased proliferative response to tumor, associated with defe…

Article SubjectCell Survivallcsh:Biotechnologylcsh:MedicineEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayE2F4 Transcription FactorCD8-Positive T-Lymphocytesurologic and male genital diseaseslcsh:TP248.13-248.65Chromium IsotopesSTAT5 Transcription FactorTumor Cells CulturedHumansCarcinoma Renal CellInhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2Microscopy Confocallcsh:RCell CycleIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsJanus Kinase 3Flow Cytometryfemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsKidney NeoplasmsGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticCase-Control StudiesLymphocyte Culture Test MixedSTAT6 Transcription FactorCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Research ArticleSignal TransductionJournal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
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Pharmacological blockade of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) alters neural proliferation, apoptosis and gliosis in the rat hippocampus, hypothal…

2015

Endocannabinoids participate in the control of neurogenesis, neural cell death and gliosis. The pharmacological effect of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which limits the endocannabinoid degradation, was investigated in the present study. Cell proliferation (phospho-H3(+) or BrdU(+) cells) of the main adult neurogenic zones as well as apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3(+)), astroglia (GFAP(+)), and microglia (Iba1(+) cells) were analyzed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum of rats intraperitoneally treated with URB597 (0.3 mg/kg/day) at one dose/4-days resting or 5 doses (1 dose/day). Repeated URB597 treatment increased the plasma levels of the N-acylethanolamine…

AstrocitosNeurobiologia del desenvolupamentAmidohidrolasasCannabinoid receptorCarbamatos:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins::Caspases [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Differentiation::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose [Medical Subject Headings]Apoptosis:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compound:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Fatty acid amide hydrolaseReceptor cannabinoide CB1:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]FAAHGliosishealth care economics and organizations:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research0303 health sciencesNeurogenesisBenzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Cholestanes::Cholestenes::Cholesterol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid systemEtanolaminas3. Good healthEndocannabinoides:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Fatty Acids Monounsaturated::Oleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]CannabinoidesMicroglíalipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomColesterol:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Terpenes::Cannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Palmitic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]psychological phenomena and processesProliferación celularmedicine.medical_specialtyCerebroNeurogenesiseducationBiologyBromodesoxiuridina:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neuroglia::Microglia [Medical Subject Headings]Triglicéridoslcsh:RC321-571Ácidos oléicosRatas03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicineHipocampomedicineCaspasa 3:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Growth Processes::Cell Proliferation [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyPalmitoylethanolamide:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases::Amidohydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]Cannabinoids:Anatomy::Cells::Neuroglia::Astrocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Peso corporalEnergy metabolism:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]URB597:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Gliosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Amino Alcohols::Ethanolamines [Medical Subject Headings]Muerte celular:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death::Apoptosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]EndocrinologyURB597chemistryGliosisnervous systemGlucosaCannabinoidEnergy Metabolism:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]HipotálamoÁcidos palmíticos030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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Spontaneous Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Adipose Tissue Stroma Cells

2004

Cardiomyocyte regeneration is limited in adult life. Thus, the identification of a putative source of cardiomyocyte progenitors is of great interest to provide a usable model in vitro and new perspective in regenerative therapy. As adipose tissues were recently demonstrated to contain pluripotent stem cells, the emergence of cardiomyocyte phenotype from adipose-derived cells was investigated. We demonstrated that rare beating cells with cardiomyocyte features could be identified after culture of adipose stroma cells without addition of 5-azacytidine. The cardiomyocyte phenotype was first identified by morphological observation, confirmed with expression of specific cardiac markers, immunocy…

AtropineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyStromal cellPhysiologyCellular differentiationHeart VentriclesCholinergic AgentsAdipose tissueAdipose tissueCardiomyocytes ; Adipose tissue ; Differentiation ; Stem cells ; Cell therapyStem cellsBiologyCell therapyCell therapyMiceAdrenergic Agents:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Medicina interna [UNESCO]Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsMyocytes CardiacHeart AtriaProgenitor cellInduced pluripotent stem cellCells CulturedUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ::Medicina internaCardiomyocytesRegeneration (biology)Multipotent Stem CellsIsoproterenolCell Differentiation:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Myocardial ContractionPropranololCell biologyClone CellsMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyPhenotypeAdipose TissueDifferentiationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASRNACarbacholStem cellStromal CellsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineMyoblasts Cardiac
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The matricellular protein SPARC supports follicular dendritic cell networking toward Th17 responses.

2011

Abstract Lymphnode swelling during immune responses is a transient, finely regulated tissue rearrangement, accomplished with the participation of the extracellular matrix. Here we show that murine and human reactive lymph nodes express SPARC in the germinal centres. Defective follicular dendritic cell networking in SPARC-deficient mice is accompanied by a severe delay in the arrangement of germinal centres and development of humoral autoimmunity, events that are linked to Th17 development. SPARC is required for the optimal and rapid differentiation of Th17 cells, accordingly we show delayed development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis whose pathogenesis involves Th17. Not only h…

Autoimmune diseases; Extracellular matrix; Germinal centre reaction; Th17 cellsEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalMultiple SclerosisImmunologyCell CommunicationBiologyfollicular dendritic cellExtracellular matrixAnimals Genetically ModifiedMiceImmune systemSPARC; follicular dendritic cell; Th17Autoimmune diseasemedicinegerminal centre reactionImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansautoimmune diseasesOsteonectinMice KnockoutB-LymphocytesCD40Follicular dendritic cellsExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisMatricellular proteinGerminal centerSPARCCell Differentiationmedicine.diseaseCell biologyExtracellular MatrixImmunity HumoralMice Inbred C57BLCrosstalk (biology)Disease Models AnimalImmunologybiology.proteinDisease ProgressionTh17 CellsImmunizationMyelin-Oligodendrocyte GlycoproteinTh17autoimmune diseases; extracellular matrix; germinal centre reaction; th17 cellsDendritic Cells FollicularMyelin ProteinsJournal of autoimmunity
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Interleukin 27 induces differentiation of neural C6-precursor cells into astrocytes.

2007

Interleukin 6 (IL6)-type cytokines are major regulators of inflammation and thereby contribute to the neuropathology and pathophysiology associated with inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, astrocyte development which is a key process in the development of the CNS is also controlled by cytokines of the IL6-family. Interleukin 27 (IL27) is a recently identified member of this family and has been implicated in the inhibition of TH17 T-cell-responses. Here we show that IL27 and the HHV8 encoded viral IL6 (vIL6) induce C6 glioma cells to differentiate into an astrocyte-like state. Cytokine stimulation led to STAT-factor phosphorylation and consequently to protein expre…

B-LymphocytesInterleukin-6Interleukin-17BiophysicsInterleukinCell DifferentiationCell BiologyBiologyBiochemistryCell biologyCell LineInterleukin 33Astrocyte differentiationInterleukin 32MiceInterleukin 20AstrocytesImmunologyAnimalsInterleukin 27Molecular BiologyInterleukin 4Interleukin 3Biochemical and biophysical research communications
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Operator splitting methods for American option pricing

2004

Abstract We propose operator splitting methods for solving the linear complementarity problems arising from the pricing of American options. The space discretization of the underlying Black-Scholes Scholes equation is done using a central finite-difference scheme. The time discretization as well as the operator splittings are based on the Crank-Nicolson method and the two-step backward differentiation formula. Numerical experiments show that the operator splitting methodology is much more efficient than the projected SOR, while the accuracy of both methods are similar.

Backward differentiation formulaMathematical optimizationPartial differential equationDiscretizationApplied MathematicsFinite difference methodSemi-elliptic operatorTime discretizationValuation of optionsComplementarity theoryLinear complementarity problemCrank–Nicolson methodOperator splitting methodAmerican optionMathematicsApplied Mathematics Letters
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Adaptive discontinuous evolution Galerkin method for dry atmospheric flow

2014

We present a new adaptive genuinely multidimensional method within the framework of the discontinuous Galerkin method. The discontinuous evolution Galerkin (DEG) method couples a discontinuous Galerkin formulation with approximate evolution operators. The latter are constructed using the bicharacteristics of multidimensional hyperbolic systems, such that all of the infinitely many directions of wave propagation are considered explicitly. In order to take into account multiscale phenomena that typically appear in atmospheric flows nonlinear fluxes are split into a linear part governing the acoustic and gravitational waves and a nonlinear part that models advection. Time integration is realiz…

Backward differentiation formulasteady statesPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Wave propagationdry atmospheric convectionlarge time stepsystems of hyperbolic balance lawssymbols.namesakeDiscontinuous Galerkin methodApplied mathematicsevolution Galerkin schemesGalerkin methodMathematicssemi-implicit approximationNumerical AnalysisAdaptive mesh refinementApplied MathematicsEuler equationsRiemann solverComputer Science ApplicationsEuler equationsComputational MathematicsNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationsymbolsJournal of Computational Physics
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Artificial selection for predatory behavior results in dietary niche differentiation in an omnivorous mammal

2021

AbstractThe diet of an individual is a result of the availability of dietary items and the individual’s foraging skills and preferences. Behavioral differences may thus influence diet variation, but the evolvability of diet choice through behavioral evolution has not been studied. We used experimental evolution combined with a field enclosure experiment to test whether behavioral selection leads to dietary divergence. We analysed the individual dietary niche via stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) in the hair of an omnivorous mammal, bank vole, from 4 lines selected for predatory behavior and 4 unselected control lines. Predatory voles had higher hair δ15N values than…

Bank voleEcological nicheExperimental evolutionbiologyForagingNicheNiche differentiationZoologyOmnivorebiology.organism_classificationTrophic level
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Transition from mildly-tholeiitic to calc-alkaline suite: the case of Chichontepec volcanic centre, El Salvador, Central America

1998

Abstract The Chichontepec volcano is a Plio-Pleistocene composite volcano that erupted lavas ranging from high-alumina basalts to dacites. It experienced a caldera-forming paroxysmal eruption during the early Pleistocene. Pre-caldera lavas are mildly tholeiitic and they evolved mainly by low pressure crystal fractionation, notwithstanding the fact that most mafic lavas (low-MgO high-alumina basalts) retain traces of polybaric evolution. Conversely, post-caldera lavas, which are mainly pyroxene andesites, are clearly calc-alkaline, having evolved by open-system crystal fractionation. Sr–Nd isotopic data and trace elements characteristics indicate that the same mantle source was involved in t…

Basaltgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryFractional crystallization (geology)radiogenic isotopesandesitesAndesiteGeochemistryengineering.materialVolcanic rockGeophysicsal-spinelGeochemistry and PetrologyengineeringPlagioclaseal-spinel; andesites; central america; el salvador; high-alumina basalts; radiogenic isotopesIgneous differentiationMaficel salvadorhigh-alumina basaltscentral americaGeologyPetrogenesis
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A low repeat length in oligodendrocyte chromatin

1985

Abstract: The behavior of oligodendrocyte chromatin after micrococcal nuclease digestion of nuclei was assayed in brains of rats of four different ages. During oligodendrocyte differentiation, a decreasing sensitivity of the chromatin to enzymatic attack was observed. On the other hand, the nucleosomal repeat length showed a slight tendency to increase during development. It is worth noting that even the highest values reported here for “oligodendrocyte’ chromatin repeat lengths are significantly lower than 200 base pairs, the value previously reported by others for “non‐astrocytic glia.” Copyright © 1985, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

Base pairCellular differentiationFluorescent Antibody TechniqueOligodendrocyte differentiationBiochemistryCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicamedicineAnimalsMicrococcal NucleaseNucleosomeRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidElectrophoresis Agar GelGeneticsNucleosomal Repeat LengthbiologyAge FactorsOligodendrocyte differentiationDNAMolecular biologyChromatinOligodendrocyteNucleosomesRatsChromatinOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureLiverbiology.proteinSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNucleosomal repeat lengthNeurogliaBrain StemMicrococcal nuclease
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