Search results for " Dose"

showing 10 items of 593 documents

Toxicity of 5- chloro- 3- methyl- catechol to rat: Chemical observations and light microscopy of the tissue

1979

5-chloro-3-methyl-catechol was first time described by GAUNT and EVANS (1961) as a metabolite of MCPA (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic aci~which is the most widely used herbicide in the Nordic countries. The toxicity of the metabolite 5-chloro-3-methylcatechol bas hot been studied so far. Other catechols like 3,5dichlorocatechol has been shown to be a metabollte of 2,4-D (BOLLAG et ai. 1968a, BOLLAG et ai. 1968b), and it has been proven to be toxic to cells by HORVATH (1971). The catechols are metabolized by bacteria finally to muconic semialdehyde (HORVATH 1970, HORVATH and ALEXANDER 1970). In this work the toxicity of 5-chloro-3-methyl-catechol to maie rats was studied in acute and subchro…

MaleMicroscopyCatecholMethyl CatecholbiologyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisMetaboliteCatecholsGeneral MedicineToxicologybiology.organism_classificationPollutionMCPAQuantitative determinationRatsLethal Dose 50Residue (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryToxicityAnimalsBacteriaBulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
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Role of acute social stress in the rewarding effects of MDMA in adolescent mice

2021

Drug use among adolescents is a serious problem in our society, as some individuals develop dependence and addiction. MDMA/Esctasy is one of the most typically used substances by this age group. It is well known that environmental factors can alter the rewarding properties of drugs and the propensity to drug-related disorders. In this sense, exposure to social stress induces long-term effects in mice, enhancing the rewarding effects of MDMA in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. On the other hand, previous research has not provided conclusive results regarding the short-term effects of social defeat on MDMA reward in adolescent animals, probably due to the use of very low or ve…

MaleN-Methyl-34-methylenedioxyamphetaminemedia_common.quotation_subjectConditioning ClassicalSocial DefeatSocial defeatMice03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineRewardmental disordersHigh dosesAnimalsMedicine030304 developmental biologymedia_commonSocial stress0303 health sciencesBehavior Animalbusiness.industryAddictionAge FactorsMDMAConditioned place preferenceDisease Models AnimalCentral Nervous System StimulantsbusinessStress Psychologicalpsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugClinical psychologyBehavioural Brain Research
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The 15-Country Collaborative Study of Cancer Risk among Radiation Workers in the Nuclear Industry: Estimates of Radiation-Related Cancer Risks

2007

International audience; A 15-Country collaborative cohort study was conducted to provide direct estimates of cancer risk following protracted low doses of ionizing radiation. Analyses included 407,391 nuclear industry workers monitored individually for external radiation and 5.2 million person-years of follow-up. A significant association was seen between radiation dose and all-cause mortality [excess relative risk (ERR) 0.42 per Sv, 90% CI 0.07, 0.79; 18,993 deaths]. This was mainly attributable to a dose-related increase in all cancer mortality (ERR/Sv 0.97, 90% CI 0.28, 1.77; 5233 deaths). Among 31 specific types of malignancies studied, a significant association was found for lung cance…

MaleNeoplasms Radiation-InducedInternational Cooperation[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Radiation inducedradiation exposurenuclear industrycancer riskWhole-Body Counting030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCohort Studiescause of death0302 clinical medicineNuclear industryNuclear ReactorsRisk FactorsNeoplasmscancer mortalityMedicineRadiation injuryRadiationindustryadultarticleleukemiarisk assessmentmethodologycohort analysis3. Good healthmultiple myelomaOccupational DiseasesSurvival Ratefemalepriority journalrisk factorstatistics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisemploymentFemaleionizing radiationradiation doseCohort studyradiation injuryAdultEmploymentBiophysicsRadiation DosageRisk Assessmentsurvival03 medical and health sciencessocioeconomicsOccupational ExposureIndustryfollow upHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaginghumanRisk factorindustrial workerWhole body countingbusiness.industryNicotiana tabacumCancermedicine.diseasemortalitySurvival Analysislung cancerwhole body countingconfidence intervalRadiation-Inducedoccupational diseasenuclear reactorbusinessNuclear medicineCancer riskDemography
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Effects of chronic nicotine on the temporal structure of anxiety-related behavior in rats tested in hole-board.

2019

Abstract The present study aimed to assess the behavioral effects of chronic treatments of different doses of nicotine by using both quantitative and multivariate T-pattern analysis (TPA), which can reveal hidden behavioral structures, in Sprague-Dawley rats tested in the hole-board apparatus. To this purpose, nicotine ditartrate was administered at the doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg i.p., three times per day, for 14 consecutive days. As to quantitative evaluations, we observed significant reductions in the mean durations and mean frequencies of walking, climbing, immobile-sniffing and rearing in comparison to control. A significant reduction of edge-sniff and head-dip mean frequencies was a…

MaleNicotineTime FactorsHole-boardmedicine.medical_treatmentQuantitative EvaluationsPhysiologyAnxietyMotor ActivityT-pattern analysisSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaAnxiety; Chronic nicotine; Hole-board; Sprague-Dawley rats; T-pattern analysis; Animals; Anxiety; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats Sprague-Dawley; Time FactorsDrug Administration ScheduleNicotineDose-Response RelationshipRats Sprague-Dawley03 medical and health sciencesSprague-Dawley ratRandom Allocation0302 clinical medicineSprague dawley ratsMedicineAnimalsBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industrySprague-Dawley rats030227 psychiatryRatsChronic nicotineChronic nicotineExploratory BehaviorSmoking cessationAnxietySprague-Dawleymedicine.symptomDrugbusinessmedicine.drugProgress in neuro-psychopharmacologybiological psychiatry
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Phase ia/ii, two-arm, open-label, dose-escalation study of oral panobinostat administered via two dosing schedules in patients with advanced hematolo…

2013

Panobinostat is a potent oral pandeacetylase inhibitor that leads to acetylation of intracellular proteins, inhibits cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis in leukemic cell lines. A phase Ia/II study was designed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of daily panobinostat, administered on two schedules: three times a week every week or every other week on a 28-day treatment cycle in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. The criteria for hematologic dose-limiting toxicities differed between patients with indications associated with severe cytopenias at baseline (leukemia and myeloid disorders) and those less commonly associated with baseline cytopenias (lymphoma and …

MaleOncologyCancer ResearchIndolesMyeloidhodgkin lymphomahydroxamic acidAdministration Oralresponse criteriaPharmacologyHydroxamic Acidst-cell lymphomaHistoneschemistry.chemical_compoundhemic and lymphatic diseasesAged 80 and overHematologyMiddle AgedLeukemiaTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structuremyelomaOncologyvorinostatHematologic NeoplasmsFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtypanobinostatrefractory multiple-myelomaMaximum Tolerated DoseAntineoplastic AgentsmyelofibrosisNeutropeniahistone deacetylase inhibitorsmyelodysplastic disordersDrug Administration ScheduleYoung AdultInternal medicinePanobinostatmedicineHumansIn patientAdverse effectMyelofibrosisAgedNeoplasm Staginginternational-working-groupacetylationbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseLymphomachemistryhistone deacetylasehypoxia-inducible factor-1-alphalbh589business
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Prospective, open, multi-centre phase I/II trial to assess safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy with docetaxel and oxaliplatin in pat…

2013

Abstract Background This phase I/II-trial assessed the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) with docetaxel and oxaliplatin in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction. Methods Patients received neoadjuvant radiotherapy (50.4 Gy) together with weekly docetaxel (20 mg/m2 at dose level (DL) 1 and 2, 25 mg/m2 at DL 3) and oxaliplatin (40 mg/m2 at DL 1, 50 mg/m2 at DL 2 and 3) over 5 weeks. The primary endpoint was the DLT and the MTD of the RCT regimen. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results A total of 24 patients were included. F…

MaleOncologyCancer ResearchTime FactorsEsophageal NeoplasmsOrganoplatinum Compoundsmedicine.medical_treatmentMedizinKaplan-Meier EstimateDocetaxellaw.inventionRandomized controlled triallawGermanyProspective StudiesIsraelProspective cohort studyNeoadjuvant therapyChemoradiotherapyMiddle Agedlcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensNeoadjuvant TherapyOxaliplatinOesophagogastric cancer oxaliplatinTreatment OutcomeDocetaxelOncologyNeoadjuvant radiochemotherapyAdenocarcinomaFemaleTaxoidsEsophagogastric JunctiontherapeuticsResearch Articlemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMaximum Tolerated DoseAntineoplastic AgentsAdenocarcinomalcsh:RC254-282Disease-Free SurvivalStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicinemedicineGeneticsHumansddc:610neoplasmsAgedDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryChemoradiotherapy Adjuvantmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesOxaliplatinClinical trialbusinessChemoradiotherapy
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An explorative study to assess the association between health-related quality of life and the recommended phase II dose in a phase I trial: idarubici…

2016

Objectives The objective of this study was to explore the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the recommended phase 2 dose in a phase I clinical trial according to the Time to HRQoL deterioration approach (TTD). Setting This is a phase I dose-escalation trial of transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) with idarubicin-loaded beads performed in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients had to complete the EORTC QLQ-C30 HRQoL questionnaire at baseline and at days 15, 30 and 60 after TACE. Participants Patients aged ≥18 years with HCC unsuitable for curative treatments were evaluated for the study (N=21). Primary and secondary outcome measurements The …

MaleOncologyHealth-related Quality of LifePhases of clinical research[ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer0302 clinical medicineQuality of life1506FatigueAntibiotics AntineoplasticLiver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineMiddle Aged3. Good healthOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaToxicityFemale[ SDV.MHEP.HEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology030211 gastroenterology & hepatology1717medicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularMaximum Tolerated Dose1722Pain[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerPhase 1Disease-Free Survival03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineCarcinomamedicineHumansIdarubicinChemoembolization TherapeuticAgedHealth-related Quality of ifeOncology clinical trialHealth related quality of lifebusiness.industryResearchlongitudinal analysis[SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterologyphase Imedicine.diseaseSurgeryTime to deteriorationMaximum tolerated doseQuality of LifeIdarubicinbusinessBMJ Open
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Cetuximab administered once every second week to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a two-part pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic phase I dose-…

2009

Abstract Background This phase I dose-escalation study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended dose of cetuximab administered on an every-second-week schedule to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, on the basis of safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Patients and methods The study comprised two parts: a 6-week cetuximab monotherapy dose-escalation phase and a subsequent combination therapy phase, during which patients received cetuximab, at the same dose/schedule as in the monotherapy phase, followed by irinotecan plus infusional 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (FOLFIRI). Patients in the control group received cetuximab as a 400 mg/m…

MaleOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyMaximum Tolerated DoseCombination therapyColorectal cancerLeucovorinCetuximabAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedIrinotecanImmunoenzyme TechniquesFolinic acidPharmacokineticsInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansTissue DistributionneoplasmsAgedDose-Response Relationship DrugCetuximabbusiness.industryAntibodies MonoclonalHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesSurgeryErbB ReceptorsSurvival RateIrinotecanTreatment OutcomeOncologyPharmacodynamicsFOLFIRICamptothecinFemaleFluorouracilColorectal Neoplasmsbusinessmedicine.drugAnnals of Oncology
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Moderate Hypofractionated Postprostatectomy Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy With Daily Image Guidance (VMAT-IGRT): A Mono-institutional Report on Fe…

2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity profiles of a moderate hypofractionated regimen with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in patients with prostate cancer (PC) who underwent radical prostatectomy.From December 2012 to February 2016, 125 patients, previously having undergone radical prostatectomy, received adjuvant (64 patients) or salvage (61 patients) radiotherapy (RT) inside an institutional protocol of moderate hypofractionation schedule using the VMAT technique (Varian RapidArc, Palo Alto, CA). Eligible patients were 85 years old, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2, histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate with…

MaleOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentUrologyUrinary incontinenceDisease-Free Survival030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancersymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansAdjuvantFisher's exact testAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overProstatectomySalvage TherapyProstate cancerRadiotherapyAdjuvant; Hypofractionation; Prostate cancer; Radiotherapy; Salvage; Oncology; Urologybusiness.industryProstatectomyProstatic NeoplasmsCommon Terminology Criteria for Adverse EventsMiddle AgedProstate-Specific Antigenmedicine.diseaseAcute toxicityRadiation therapyRegimenTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesissymbolsHypofractionationSalvageRadiation Dose HypofractionationRadiotherapy AdjuvantRadiotherapy Intensity-Modulatedmedicine.symptombusinessRadiotherapy Image-GuidedClinical Genitourinary Cancer
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High-dose-rate brachytherapy boost for prostate cancer: Analysis of dose-volume histogram parameters for predicting late, rectal toxicity

2017

PURPOSE: To determine the significance of dose-volume histogram parameters for predicting late rectal toxicity (LRT) after single-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) boost and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three hundred patients with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer were included between August 2010 and March 2015. Treatment comprised a single-fraction HDRBT boost of 15.0 Gy plus EBRT (46.0 Gy delivered in 23 fractions) or an HDRBT boost of 9.5 Gy plus EBRT (60.0 Gy delivered in 30 fractions) if the seminal vesicles were infiltrated using real-time transrectal ultrasound-based planning. LRT was evaluated every 3 months after…

MaleOrgans at RiskDose-volume histogramTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyRectumLate rectal toxicity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancerOrgan at risk0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesExternal beam radiotherapyRadiation InjuriesAgedAged 80 and overProstate cancerbusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedBiologically equivalent doseRectumProstatic NeoplasmsCommon Terminology Criteria for Adverse EventsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapyHigh-Dose Rate BrachytherapyHigh-dose-rate brachytherapy boostRadiation therapyDose-volume histogram parametermedicine.anatomical_structureOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRegression AnalysisDose Fractionation RadiationNuclear medicinebusinessFollow-Up Studies
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