Search results for " Drug"
showing 10 items of 3138 documents
Una perspectiva de género en el estudio de conductas de riesgo de los adolescentes.
2016
La adolescencia es una etapa clave para la adquisición de los estilos de vida saludables. Sin embargo, a nivel europeo, se observa cómo los y las adolescentes realizan a diario conductas de riesgo para su salud. Dadas las repercusiones que conllevan, este trabajo explora la realización de conductas de riesgo para la salud (consumo de alcohol, tabaco y otras drogas, mala alimentación, sedentarismo y sexualidad de riesgo) así como el análisis de aquellas variables que podrían facilitarlas (actitudes, creencias y motivaciones) entre adolescentes de la Comunidad Valenciana. Para ello, 300 adolescentes entre 15 y 18 años, cumplimentaron el Cuestionario de Información, Actitudes y Comportamientos…
Chanching the externalizing and internalizing spectrum of personality with self-regultaion therapy
2018
This article presents an integrator model of changes in the externalizing and internalizing factors of personality grouped in the General Factor of Personality (GFP), based on the Unique Trait Personality Theory (UTPT) [1]. This theory proposes that a continuum exists between personality and psychopathology, as well as the existence of a GFP that occupies the apex of the hierarchy of personality, and extends from an impulsiveness-and-aggressiveness pole (externalizing spectrum) to an anxiety-and-introversion pole (internalizing spectrum). With an experimental intra-group design, 30 regular users of stimulant drugs (cocaine and amphetamine) used the Self-Regulation Therapy (SRT). The SRT is …
A History of the Pharmacological Treatment of Bipolar Disorder.
2018
In this paper, the authors review the history of the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder, from the first nonspecific sedative agents introduced in the 19th and early 20th century, such as solanaceae alkaloids, bromides and barbiturates, to John Cade’s experiments with lithium and the beginning of the so-called “Psychopharmacological Revolution” in the 1950s. We also describe the clinical studies and development processes, enabling the therapeutic introduction of pharmacological agents currently available for the treatment of bipolar disorder in its different phases and manifestations. Those drugs include lithium salts, valproic acid, carbamazepine, new antiepilep…
Characterization of Locally Excited and Charge-Transfer States of the Anticancer Drug Lapatinib by Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Computational Studies
2020
[EN] Lapatinib (LAP) is an anticancer drug, which is metabolized to theN- and O-dealkylated products (N-LAP andO-LAP, respectively). In view of the photosensitizing potential of related drugs, a complete experimental and theoretical study has been performed on LAP,N-LAP andO-LAP, both in solution and upon complexation with human serum albumin (HSA). In organic solvents, coplanar locally excited (LE) emissive states are generated; they rapidly evolve towards twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) states. By contrast, within HSA only LE states are detected. Accordingly, femtosecond transient absorption reveals a very fast switching (ca. 2 ps) from LE (lambda(max)=550 nm) to ICT states (…
Halloysite nanotubes: a green resource for materials and life sciences
2020
Clay minerals are considered one of the materials of the 20th century for their peculiar physico-chemical features. Among them, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are an emerging nanomaterial with a particular tubular structure that makes them a low cost and valuable alternative to the most common carbon nanotubes. Due to their tubular morphology, HNTs are employed in several fields acting as nanocontainers for different compounds for applications in drug carrier and delivery fields, catalysis, and as filler for polymeric matrices. The modification of HNTs’ surfaces allows to the synthesis of different nanoarchitectures that can improve the mechanical and thermal performance of polymer as well as …
Integrated Treatment Model for First-Contact Patients with a Schizophrenia-Type Psychosis: The Finnish API Project
1996
This paper presents the background, rationale, set-up and first results of the Finnish API study, whose aim was to investigate the use of a psychotherapeutically oriented and familycentred treatment model for acute psychosis in different treatment settings, and especially the role of neuroleptic drug treatment when working along the principles of the integrated treatment model. Six psychiatric catchment areas from different parts of the country participated by collecting a material of 136 first-contact patients with a schizophrenia-type psychosis. More than half of the patients received a formal diagnosis from the schizophrenia group at the initial examination, and more than one-third a dia…
Bidirectional membrane transport: Simulations of transport inhibition in uptake studies explain data obtained with flavonoids
2006
The purpose of the simulations was to obtain an estimate of concentration-dependent uptake curves when two counteracting transporters are present. On the basis of this experimental data obtained with a pair of ovarian carcinoma cell lines, one of which was not expressing the exsorptive transporter P-glycoprotein and one of which was an MDR1-transfected, P-glycoprotein expressing variant, the kinetics of cellular uptake of the radiolabel (3)H-talinolol were calculated and the inhibitory constants at P-gp were determined for different flavonoids. With respect to the inhibition of P-gp function, among others, naringenin and isoquercitrin were identified as inhibitors, yet estimation of the inh…
Target analysis and retrospective screening of veterinary drugs, ergot alkaloids, plant toxins and other undesirable substances in feed using liquid …
2015
A comprehensive strategy combining a quantitative method for 77 banned veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, ergot alkaloids and plant toxins, and a post-target screening for 425 substances including pesticides and environmental contaminants in feed were developed using a QuEChERS-based extraction and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). The quantitative method was validated after previous statistical optimisation of the main parameters governing ionisation, and presented recoveries ranging, in general, from 80 to 120%, with a precision in terms of Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) lower than 20%. The full-scan accurate mass data…
Photoluminescent decoration of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles for dual-imaging applications
2018
A selective functionalization of dopamine amino group with the photoluminescent 7-nitroben-zofurazan was achieved through a one-pot protection-functionalization-deprotection sequence. The resulting fluorescent catecholic ligand was used as a capping agent for iron oxide nanoparticles thus obtaining photoluminescent magnetic nanoparticles (PL-MNPs). The PL-MNPs were then embedded into PLGA-b-PEG polymeric nanocarriers which quenched the emission of the capping agent. Full recovery of fluorescence was observed after disassembling the polymeric layer of the nanoparticle, thus supporting the use of PL-MNPs as a multifunctional system for targeted drug delivery.
Synthesis and evaluation of (S)-2-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)-4-([3-methyl-1-(2-piperidin-1-yl-phenyl)-butyl-carbamoyl]-methyl)-benzoic acid ([18F]repaglin…
2004
18F-labeled non-sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent (S)-2-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethoxy)-4-((3-methyl-1-(2-piperidin-1-yl-phenyl)-butylcarbamoyl)-methyl)-benzoic acid ([(18)F]repaglinide), a derivative of the sulfonylurea-receptor (SUR) ligand repaglinide, was synthesized as a potential tracer for the non-invasive investigation of the sulfonylurea 1 receptor status of pancreatic beta-cells by positron emission tomography (PET) in the context of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [(18)F]Repaglinide could be obtained in an overall radiochemical yield (RCY) of 20% after 135 min with a radiochemical purity higher than 98% applying the secondary labeling precursor 2-[(18)F]fluoroethyltosylate. Specific activity w…