Search results for " Drug"

A preclinical model for skin sensitization prediction of antineoplasic drugs.

2020

e15643 Background: Skin side effects are common manifestations of antineoplastic drugs that are frequently observed in early clinical trials. Therefore, there is a need to identify skin toxic agents before clinical development in order to predict severe skin manifestations. In many cases, skin toxicity is due to sensitization, a key immunologic process mediating redness, swelling and itching that can lead to more severe skin alterations. Methods: We adapted three skin cellular in vitro techniques for cutaneous drug sensitization assessment of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2012) in order to predict antineoplastic drug skin sensitization: 1) Direct peptide …

The Mucus of Actinia equina (Anthozoa, Cnidaria): An Unexplored Resource for Potential Applicative Purposes

2015

The mucus produced by many marine organisms is a complex mixture of proteins and polysaccharides forming a weak watery gel. It is essential for vital processes including locomotion, navigation, structural support, heterotrophic feeding and defence against a multitude of environmental stresses, predators, parasites, and pathogens. In the present study we focused on mucus produced by a benthic cnidarian, the sea anemone Actinia equina (Linnaeus, 1758) for preventing burial by excess sedimentation and for protection. We investigated some of the physico-chemical properties of this matrix such as viscosity, osmolarity, electrical conductivity, protein, carbohydrate, and total lipid contents. Som…

El problema de la aplicación tardía del principio de precaución en las aspersiones aéreas con Glifosato contra cultivos de uso ilícito en Colombia: L…

2-Cinnamamido, 2-(3-phenylpropiolamido), and 2-(3-phenylpropanamido)benzamides: synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and mechanism of action

2013

Abstract Several new benzamides 4a–q were synthesized by stirring in pyridine the acid chlorides 3a–q with the appropriate anthranilamide derivatives 2a–g. Some of the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against a panel of 5 human cell lines (K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, HTC-116 and HT26 colon cancer cells and NCI H460 non-small cell lung cancer cells).

Physician pharmacist practice groups : consistency and feasibility in the primary healthcare system. Evaluation of an experiment in France

2022

The regulation of drug prescription by general practitioners is based on various mechanisms, but unlike other countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland), it does not include practice groups between general practitioners and community pharmacists (GPMPs). This thesis analyses the coherence and, above all, the feasibility of such practice groups in our health system. The first chapter presents a macroeconomic and microeconomic analysis of the drug prescription by French general practitioners (GPs). It emphasises that it is an important target for regulatory policy because of its contribution to health expenditure but also its health impact, with prescriptions whose relevance could be i…

The pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: A systematic review wi…

2017

Background Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorders in childhood. A wide variety of treatments have been used for the management of ADHD. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pharmacological, psychological and complementary and alternative medicine interventions for the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. Methods and findings We performed a systematic review with network meta-analyses. Randomised controlled trials (≥ 3 weeks follow-up) were identified from published and unpublished sources through searches in PubMed and the Cochrane Library (up to April 7, 2016). Interventions of interest were pharmacolo…

Computational Approaches: Drug Discovery and Design in Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics

2021

To date, computational approaches have been recognized as a key component in drug design and discovery workflows. Developed to help researchers save time and reduce costs, several computational tools have been developed and implemented in the last twenty years. At present, they are routinely used to identify a therapeutic target, understand ligand–protein and protein–protein interactions, and identify orthosteric and allosteric binding sites, but their primary use remains the identification of hits through ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening and the optimization of lead compounds, followed by the estimation of the binding free energy. The repurposing of an old drug for the tr…

A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Platform for P-Glycoprotein Modulators and Its Validation by Molecular Docking

2019

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an important determinant of multidrug resistance (MDR) because its overexpression is associated with increased efflux of various established chemotherapy drugs in many clinically resistant and refractory tumors. This leads to insufficient therapeutic targeting of tumor populations, representing a major drawback of cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, P-gp is a target for pharmacological inhibitors to overcome MDR. In the present study, we utilized machine learning strategies to establish a model for P-gp modulators to predict whether a given compound would behave as substrate or inhibitor of P-gp. Random forest feature selection algorithm-based leave-one-out random sampl…

Dynamic DNA Origami Devices: from Strand-Displacement Reactions to External-Stimuli Responsive Systems

2018

DNA nanotechnology provides an excellent foundation for diverse nanoscale structures that can be used in various bioapplications and materials research. Among all existing DNA assembly techniques, DNA origami proves to be the most robust one for creating custom nanoshapes. Since its invention in 2006, building from the bottom up using DNA advanced drastically, and therefore, more and more complex DNA-based systems became accessible. So far, the vast majority of the demonstrated DNA origami frameworks are static by nature; however, there also exist dynamic DNA origami devices that are increasingly coming into view. In this review, we discuss DNA origami nanostructures that exhibit controlled…

Protofibril formation of amyloid beta-protein at low pH via a non-cooperative elongation mechanism.

2005

Deposition of the amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) in senile or diffuse plaques is a distinctive feature of Alzheimer's disease. The role of Abeta aggregates in the etiology of the disease is still controversial. The formation of linear aggregates, known as amyloid fibrils, has been proposed as the onset and the cause of pathological deposition. Yet, recent findings suggest that a more crucial role is played by prefibrillar oligomeric assemblies of Abeta that are highly toxic in the extracellular environment. In the present work, the mechanism of protofibril formation is studied at pH 3.1, starting from a solution of oligomeric precursors. By combining static light scattering and photon correla…