Search results for " ECOLOGY"
showing 10 items of 2331 documents
Du ciel noir à l'environnement nocturne : la construction d'un nouveau front de protection de la nature
2020
International audience; Depuis les années 1970 plusieurs domaines d’expertise scientifique ont contribué à faire émerger une nouvelle dimension de la protection de l’environnement liés aux effets dégradants de la pollution lumineuse. Cette dernière constitue en soi un objet de controverse entre sciences, notamment sur les différentes façons de la saisir et la définir en tant qu’objet et que fait. Nous retiendrons ici pour qualifier cette forme de pollution le caractère d’un excès de lumière artificielle entrainant des impacts sur les écosystèmes et sur la santé humaine.L’histoire du mouvement de lutte contre l’expansion de l’éclairage artificiel commence à être relativement connue, dans le …
Research data of article: "Sympatric Ixodes-tick species: pattern of distribution and pathogen transmission within wild rodent populations"
2018
Longitudinal monitoring of bank voles as well as their ticks and tick-borne pathogens in Central Finland, carried out in 2012.
Per una didattica della Geografia sociale: sopralluoghi ed esplorazioni urbane
2021
This article analyses a didactic experience in the Borgo Ulivia neighborhood (Palermo), which originates from a research on council housing’s requalifying as a planning laboratory. In particular, its aim is to answer three questions: which choice guides the research in the field? What kind of didactic approach can we use? What kind of didactic restitution should be used? Within the didactic framework, answering these questions has three roles. First of all, we identify places capable of talking about tensions present at the local level but also in other geographical areas. Secondly, we reflect on the possible methods of research. Finally, we show how teaching is practiced both in the reflec…
Validation of chasmophytic syntaxa of colline and montane zones in Tajikistan (Middle Asia)
2016
AbstractEight syntaxa are validated with the previous names regarded as invalidly published according to the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. The validation concerns syntaxa of rock plant communities of the Campanuletalia incanescentis order reported from the Pamir Alai mountains in Tajikistan. The majority of validated syntaxa represents association level, one is an alliance. All validations are conducted due to the invalidity of tables with typus releves according to art. 1 of the Code: they were not distributed as printed matter. The validated syntaxa are as follows: Caricion koshewnikowii, Scutellarietum hissaricae, Scutellarietum schugnanicae, Scutellarietum zaprja…
Le infrastrutture ecologiche come elemento funzionale nella gestione della biodiversità degli agrosistemi, con particolare riferimento al vigneto
2013
Molti studiosi, già da diverso tempo, hanno messo in risalto l’importanza della diversità vegetale negli agroecosistemi sull’aumento della presenza di artropodi utili che contribuiscono al contenimento delle specie dannose. In quest’ambito una strategia di difesa per mantenere alto il livello di biodiversità riguarda l’uso delle cosiddette “infrastrutture ecologiche” o “aree di compensazione ecologica”, cioè siepi o fasce di vegetazione adiacenti al campo coltivato o al suo che forniscono ospiti alternativi e siti rifugio per predatori e parassitoidi di insetti dannosi, aumentando in tal modo l’abbondanza dei nemici naturali e la colonizzazione delle colture confinanti. Alcuni lavori di cam…
Plasmid Viability Depends on the Ecological Setting of Hosts within a Multiplasmid Community
2022
Plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic elements, some of which disperse horizontally between different strains and species of bacteria. They are a major factor in the dissemination of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Understanding the ecology of plasmids has a notable anthropocentric value, and therefore, the interactions between bacterial hosts and individual plasmids have been studied in detail. However, bacterial systems often carry multiple genetically distinct plasmids, but dynamics within these multiplasmid communities have remained unstudied. Here, we set to investigate the survival of 11 mobilizable or conjugative plasmids under five different conditions where the hosts h…
Mind the gap: Treefalls as drivers of parental trade-offs
2015
Abstract Tree‐fall gaps are small‐scale disturbances whose formation, colonization, and role in forest dynamics are well documented, but whose effects on animal ecology are still greatly overlooked, except for studies comparing species richness of gaps 6+ months old to that in the closed canopy. Other factors associated with the invasion of fresh tree‐fall gaps such as animal breeding adaptations have been largely neglected. I studied the immediate (within hours and days) arrival of the poison frog Dendrobates tinctorius in new tree‐fall gaps to examine the dynamics of their invasion in relation to tadpole rearing. I found that rearing sites are occupied sooner and tadpoles deposited at hig…
Data from: The interplay of landscape composition and configuration: new pathways to manage functional biodiversity and agro-ecosystem services acros…
2019
[Usage Notes] Martin et al_2019_datatables Data used in Martin et al. (2019) compiled from 49 studies and 1,515 landscapes across Europe. Includes data on the abundance of arthropod species per site and data on pollination, natural pest control and yields in crops across Europe. Martin et al_2019_data tables_300319.xlsx Martin et al_2019_traits database Functional traits data for 2088 species (morphospecies, individuals) from 144 arthropod families sampled in agricultural landscapes across Europe. All traits are categorical and based on published literature or expert knowledge. They are described in Table 1 and Appendix S1 of Martin et al. (2019). The traits included are: feeding habit ('Fu…
Flamingo studies: a general introduction.
2017
28 pages; International audience; Flamingos are among the most amazing birds in the world. The first part of this chapter provides a general introduction to the various extant species of flamingos, including their physical descriptions, unique characteristics, numbers in the wild, and geographical distributions. The second part depicts a brief history of the discovery and scientific study of flamingos, from the earlier accounts dating from the 16th century to the development of the first long-term studies of banded populations in the second half of the 20th century. The third and final part of this chapter offers some perspectives for future research.
Hard to catch: Experimental evidence supports evasive mimicry
2021
Most research on aposematism has focused on chemically defended prey, but the signalling difficulty of capture remains poorly explored. Similar to classical Batesian and Müllerian mimicry related to distastefulness, such ‘evasive aposematism' may also lead to convergence in warning colours, known as evasive mimicry. A prime candidate group for evasive mimicry areAdelphabutterflies, which are agile insects and show remarkable colour pattern convergence. We tested the ability of naive blue tits to learn to avoid and generalizeAdelphawing patterns associated with the difficulty of capture and compared their response to that of birds that learned to associate the same wing patterns with distast…