Search results for " Fat"

Applying Modern Pain Neuroscience in Clinical Practice: Criteria for the Classification of Central Sensitization Pain

2014

Background: The awareness is growing that central sensitization is of prime importance for the assessment and management of chronic pain, but its classification is challenging clinically since no gold standard method of assessment exists. Objectives: Designing the first set of classification criteria for the classification of central sensitization pain. Methods: A body of evidence from original research papers was used by 18 pain experts from 7 different countries to design the first classification criteria for central sensitization pain. Results: It is proposed that the classification of central sensitization pain entails 2 major steps: the exclusion of neuropathic pain and the differentia…

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): the portrait of a perfect storm

2020

The “novel” coronavirus disease 2019 (abbreviated “COVID-19”) is the third coronavirus outbreak emerging during the past two decades. This infectious disease, sustained by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been recently declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Despite the concerning epidemiological burden, many people, including some policymakers, are underestimating this pandemic and are remaining enigmatically inactive against a human pathology which, for a combination of reasons, can be reasonably defined as a perfect storm (i.e., the “wrong virus” at the “wrong time”). These many paradigmatic aspects include SARS-CoV-2 structure and pe…

Biochemical biomarkers of NAFLD/NASH

2020

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the Western world and the global epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes have led to a dramatic increase of its prevalence and incidence. Among NAFLD patients, those with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have a double risk of fibrosis progression, that is the main driver toward the evolution in cirrhosis and its complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic decompensation. Furthermore, patients with NAFLD are also at risk for cardiovascular diseases and extrahepatic malignancies, that represent the first and the second cause of death, respectively. The availability of non-invasi…

2019

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The current analysis expands the knowledge on atherogenic lipid profiles in NAFLD by modeling changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in a prospectively enrolling real-life study cohort to inform physicians on the cardiovascular (CV) event risk based on these changes. A total of 304 patients with histologically confirmed NAFLD were included (mean age, 52 years; equal sex distribution). Of these, 129 (42.4%) patients exhibited a NAFLD activity score ≥4 and 186 (61.2%) had at least intermediate fibrosis ≥F2. The median TC levels were 2…

Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene are associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population

2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2011 Abstract Background  Increased accumulation of fat results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and intake, being modulated by different environmental and genetic factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial carrier proteins able to spend energy generating heat. Therefore, variations in these genes are good candidates as potential modulators of body fat accumulation. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of genetic variations of the gene codifying the UCP2 protein with obesity and fat distribution. Design  We performed a cross-sectional study in 2367 individuals from two population-based studies from different regions of Spain. The Horte…

Evidence for central sensitization in patients with osteoarthritis pain: A systematic literature review

2014

Hyperexcitability of the central nervous system (CNS) has been suggested to play an important role in the chronic pain experienced by osteoarthritis (OA) patients. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was performed to evaluate the existing evidence from the literature related to the presence of central sensitization (CS) in patients with OA.Electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant articles using pre-defined keywords regarding CS and OA. Full-text clinical reports addressing studies of CS in human adults with chronic complaints due to osteoarthritis were included and screened for methodological quality by two independent reviewers. From the…

PWE-139 Further Validation of Terminal Peptide of Procollagen Iii (PIIINP) for the Detection and Assessment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patien…

2013

Introduction PIIINP has recently been shown to discriminate between simple steatosis (SS) and NASH both in patients without advanced fibrosis and in patients with all degrees of fibrosis 1 . In this study we validated PIIINP as a biomarker of NASH in a cohort of patients with biopsy proven NAFLD and evaluated its performance at the proposed diagnostic thresholds. Methods 71 patients with NAFLD and no evidence of other liver disease were included in this study. Liver biopsies were performed on all patients and analysed by a expert liver histopathologist. All liver biopsies were of suitable size for analysis (> 12mm and > 5 portal tracts) and classified in a dichotomous manner into those with…

Relationship between maximal fat oxidation and oxygen uptake: comparison between type 2 diabetes patients and healthy sedentary subjects

2014

The contribution of fat oxidation to energy production during exercise is influenced by intensity of exercise. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the highest value of fat oxidation rate (FATmax) and the oxygen uptake (VO2) in sedentary type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients vs healthy sedentary subjects. Sedentary T2D patients and healthy sedentary subjects were evaluated to a graded exercise test, and oxygen uptake and fat oxidation rate were detected. Data show that in T2D patients fat oxidation rate is not impaired and the positive linear correlation between FATmax and both VO2 and VO2max suggests that even in T2D patients the muscle oxidative capacity might increase in…

Impact of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Metabolic Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

2021

Abstract Objective Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor for the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The published prevelance in epidemiological studies in this high risk population exceeds 70%. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the impact of NAFLD on T2D patients in Germany. Methods Using the Disease Analyzer Database (IQVIA), T2D patients with NAFLD diagnosed in Germany were matched to a cohort without NAFLD controlling for age, sex, physician, index year and metabolic comorbidities and assessed for their risk of developing myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or chronic kidney disease, as well as the type …

Glucose transporter 4 mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of women with PCOS remains unchanged despite metformin withdrawal: is there a ce…

2021

Purpose: Metformin induces GLUT-4 mRNA expression in insulin target tissues in PCOS. It is unclear how long this impact is sustained after withdrawal of metformin. We aimed to compare the effect of metformin withdrawal on GLUT-4 mRNA expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue after prior short (ST, 1 year, N = 11) and long term (LT, at least 3 years, N = 13) treatment in obese PCOS women. Methods: At baseline and 6 months after withdrawal, biopsy of subcutaneous adipose tissue followed by quantitative PCR analysis was performed to determine GLUT-4 mRNA expression. Results: We found no time/effect differences in GLUT-4 mRNA expression in ST (2-dCt at baseline 0.42 (0.16–0.48) vs 2-dCt after 6…