Search results for " Geometry"
showing 10 items of 2294 documents
Granulometric moments and corneal endothelium status
2001
Abstract Specular microscopy is a common practice in Ophthalmology. The corneal endothelium status is usually evaluated by means of the density, the hexagonality, the mean, the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation of cell areas. We propose to replace the cell area moments by the corresponding moments of a different probability distribution, the granulometric size distribution associated to a disc. All cells touching the frame are ignored by the area moments but used by the granulometric moments. Twenty images have been analyzed. When the size of the focused region is reduced, the area moments show a greater variation than the corresponding granulometric moments.
Granulometric analysis of corneal endothelium specular images by using a germ–grain model
2007
Specular microscopy is widely used to study the human corneal endothelium status in vivo. In this paper, the corneal endothelium is represented as a binary image composed of the cell inscribed circles. The granulometric distribution function of the complement of this image is used as a functional descriptor, which provides information about the shape, size and spatial arrangement of cells. Experimental evaluation using bootstrap techniques shows its ability to discriminate between controls and pathological cases. It represents a reliable and graphical alternative to the classical indices (cell density, hexagonality and coefficient of variation of cell areas), which behave poorly when detect…
A granulometric analysis of specular microscopy images of human corneal endothelia
2005
The inner layer of the human cornea, called the corneal endothelium, plays an important role in the maintenance of corneal transparency. Specular microscopy is the most widely used technique to study the corneal endothelium in vivo. Improvements in technology have allowed us to obtain good quality specular images, but the detection and quantification of small size-shape cell changes is not obvious, specially when the physician wants to evaluate endothelial cell changes after some surgical procedures. This paper proposes a methodology to analyze specular microscopy images. Every corneal endothelium is described by means of different cumulative distribution functions or some moments (mean, st…
Classifying human endothelial cells based on individual granulometric size distributions
2002
Abstract This paper presents an application to a medical problem of methods of shape analysis based on mathematical morphology. The medical problem consists on the detection of abnormalities in the corneal endothelium, a tissue composed by quasi-planar cells of ideally regular hexagonal shape. Images of this tissue are taken by a specular microscope and used to evaluate the corneal endothelium status. Up to now, cell density, hexagonality and an analysis of cell areas are the usual descriptors of a corneal endothelium. These parameters are not sensitive enough to detect subtle lesions. What this paper proposes is an analysis based on granulometries, which are size-shape descriptors widely u…
A line-shape analysis for spin-1 NMR signals
1997
An analytic model of the deuteron absorption function has been developed and is compared to experimental NMR signals of deuterated butanol obtained at the SMC experiment in order to determine the deuteron polarization. The absorption function model includes dipolar broadening and a frequency-dependent treatment of the intensity factors. The high-precision TE signal data available are used to adjust the model for Q-meter distortions and dispersion effects. Once the Q-meter adjustment is made, the enhanced polarizations determined by the asymmetry and TE-calibration methods compare well within the accuracy of each method. In analyzing the NMR signals, the quadrupolar coupling constants could …
Reconfigurable waveguides defined by selective fluid filling in two-dimensional phononic metaplates
2022
Abstract We investigate two-dimensional phononic metaplates consisting of a periodic array of cups on a thin epoxy plate that is perforated with periodic cross holes. The cups are individually filled with water or remain empty, in view of creating reconfigurable phononic waveguides. Phononic band gaps exist for empty or filled epoxy cups, leading to waveguides defined with either positive or negative contrast. Straight and 90° bent waveguides are considered experimentally. Lamb waves are excited by a piezoelectric patch glued onto the metaplate and are imaged using a scanning laser vibrometer. Experimental results are compared to a three-dimensional finite element model of fluid–structure i…
Approximate Closed-Form Solutions for the Shift Mechanics of Rubber Belt Variators
2009
The mechanical behavior of V-belt variators during the speed ratio shift is different from the steady operation as a gross radial motion of the belt is superimposed to the circumferential motion. The theoretical analysis involves equilibrium equations similar to the steady case, but requires a re-formulation of the mass conservation condition making use of the Reynolds transport theorem. The mathematical model of the belt-pulley coupling implies the repeated numerical solution of a strongly non-linear differential system. Nevertheless, an attentive observation of the numerical diagrams suggests simple and useful closed-form approximations for the four possible working modes of any pulley, o…
Bis[3-methyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl] selenide methanol hemisolvate
2014
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H16N6Se·0.5CH3OH, contains two independent molecules of bis[3-methyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl] selenide with similar C—Se—C bond angles [99.30 (14) and 98.26 (13)°], and a methanol molecule of solvation. In one molecule, the dihedral angles between pyrazole and neighbouring pyridine rings are 18.3 (2) and 15.8 (2)°, and the corresponding angles in the other molecule are 13.5 (2) and 8.3 (2)°. In the crystal, the selenide and solvent molecules are linked by classical O—H...N and N—H...N hydrogen bonds, as well as by weak C—H...O and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture.
A G2 study of H3BXHn (X=N, O, F, P, S, and Cl) donor–acceptor complexes
1999
Abstract Complexation energies of H3BXHn complexes (X=N, O, F, P, S, and Cl; n=1, 2, 3) have been computed at the G2 level of theory. G2 results show that the H3BXH3 (X=N, P) complexes are more stable than H3BXH2 (X=O, S) and H3BXH (X=F, Cl) ones. This stability was related completely either to the nature of donor compounds, and to the pyramidalization of the monoborane. Two linear correlations were established. The first one is between experimental proton affinity of the XHn donor compounds, and complexation energies of the H3BXHn complexes. The second correlation is between the ∠HBH bond angles and the complexation energies of the H3BXHn complexes calculated at the G2 level of theory.
The solid-state architecture of a metallosupramolecular polyelectrolyte
2006
Self-assembly of Fe(II) and the ditopic ligand 1,4-bis(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine-4′-yl)benzene results in equilibrium structures in solutions, so-called metallosupramolecular coordination polyelectrolytes (MEPEs). It is exceedingly difficult to characterize such macromolecular assemblies, because of the dynamic nature. Therefore, hardly any structural information is available for this type of material. Here, we show that from dilute solutions, where small aggregates predominate, it is possible to grow nanoscopic crystals at an interface. A near atomic resolution structure of MEPE is obtained by investigating the nanoscopic crystals with electron diffraction in combination with molecular model…