Search results for " Grammar"
showing 10 items of 251 documents
THE SEMANTIC NETWORK OF THE LATIN PREPOSITION PER: A DIACHRONIC INVESTIGATION
2020
Proponiamo qui i risultati di uno studio corpus-based sugli slittamenti diacronici osservabili nel network semantico della preposizione per in latino. Sulla base della Cognitive Grammar, descriviamo la semantica di per situandola lungo un continuum che procede dal concreto all’astratto, a partire da un contenuto schematico originario; discutiamo, quindi, i percorsi attraverso i quali i nuovi significati astratti emergono attraverso sli ttamenti metonimici, focalizzando la nostra attenzione sui ruoli causali e sulla caratteristica di animatezza.
Diurnal changes in the perception of emotions in music: Does the time of day matter?
2014
According to the Hindustani music tradition, the ability of a song to induce certain emotions depends on the time of day: playing a song at the right time is said to maximise its emotional effect. The present exploratory study investigated this claim by combining findings in chronobiology, mood research and music perception. It has already been established that some aspects of our mood fluctuations follow a cyclical pattern. Besides, it is a known fact that our current mood influences our perception and assessment of emotions. However, these elements have never been linked together in a study examining the effect of mood cyclicity on perceived emotions in music. To test the hypothesis of a…
The Parallel Structures Model and the weakening of implosive /s/ in Spanish
2020
En aquest article es presenten les premisses fonamentals del Model de les Estructures Paral·leles, un model fonològic relativament recent dins el paradigma de la fonologia autosegmental, i s’aplica per primera vegada a dades de l’espanyol. En concret, el treball se centra a il·lustrar els avantatges explicatius que comporta l’adopció del Model de les Estructures Paral·leles en el cas de l’anàlisi de les realitzacions de la /s/ en posició de coda seguida d’oclusiva sorda en interior de paraula, perquè l’àmplia gamma de realitzacions documentades per a aquest context en les varietats aspirants de l’espanyol planteja un repte important per a les teories representacionals actuals sobre la compo…
Why Untrained Control Groups Provide Invalid Baselines: A Reply to Dienes and Altmann
2003
Dienes and Altmann argue that an untrained control group provides a reliable baseline to measure artificial grammar learning. In this reply, we first provide a fictitious example to demonstrate that this assessment is faulty. We then analyse why this assessment is wrong, and we reiterate the solution proposed in Reber and Perruchet (this issue) for a proper control. Finally, we point out the importance of these methodological principles in the context of implicit learning studies. In their comment, Dienes and Altmann (this issue) raise two main concerns. First, they argue that any difference in classification between an experimental group and an untrained control group reflects the fact tha…
Implicit learning, development, and education
2010
International audience; The present chapter focuses on implicit learning processes, and aims at showing that these processes could be used to design new methods of education or reeducation. After a brief definition of what we intend by implicit learning, we will show that these processes operate efficiently in development, from infancy to aging. Then, we will discuss the question of their resistance to neurological or psychiatric diseases. Finally, in a last section, we will comment on their potential use within an applied perspective.
Between Composition and Emergentness: A Cognitive Semantics Re-Reading of the Way-Construction
2016
This study re-analyzes the English way-construction by having recourse to diverse concepts and tools of Talmy’s cognitive semantics. Drawing on his theory of recombinance and its relevance for conceptualizing the construction, the article implements Talmy’s theory of event integration, categorizes the way-construction as an instantiation of the open path event frame, considers link-ups of the schematic systems of force dynamics and attention as they become instantiated in the construction, and probes into its motion-aspect patterning, grounded in a conformation of space and time and resulting in a strategy that is called de-conflation. Further, it will recruit Talmy’s types of semantic conf…
Cloning and training collective intelligence with generative adversarial networks
2021
Industry 4.0 and highly automated critical infrastructure can be seen as cyber‐physical‐social systems controlled by the Collective Intelligence. Such systems are essential for the functioning of the society and economy. On one hand, they have flexible infrastructure of heterogeneous systems and assets. On the other hand, they are social systems, which include collaborating humans and artificial decision makers. Such (human plus machine) resources must be pre‐trained to perform their mission with high efficiency. Both human and machine learning approaches must be bridged to enable such training. The importance of these systems requires the anticipation of the potential and previously unknow…
The Role of Prominence Information in the Real-Time Comprehension of Transitive Constructions: A Cross-Linguistic Approach
2008
Approaches to language processing have traditionally been formulated with reference to general cognitive concepts (e.g. working memory limitations) or have based their representational assumptions on concepts from generative linguistic theory (e.g. structure determines interpretation). Thus, many well-established generalisations about language that have emerged from cross-linguistic/typological research have not as yet had a major influence in shaping ideas about online processing. Here, we examine the viability of using typologically motivated concepts to account for phenomena in online language comprehension. In particular, we focus on the comprehension of simple transitive sentences (i.e…
Perdió el libro que se compró / había comprado pocos días antes: Reflexiones iniciales en torno al saber gramatical sobre los tiempos verbales del pa…
2007
Carmen.Rdez-Gonzalo@uv.es La alternancia entre los tiempos verbales del pasado en textos escritos exige tener en cuenta diferencias aspectuales poco presentes en el español hablado. Según López García (2005: 162), el sistema de cinco tiempos simples (vengo, venía, vine, vendría, vendré) cubre las necesidades expresivas de los hispanohablantes, aunque los niños emplean menos y muchos hablantes adultos raramente usan otras formas. Los problemas se plantean cuando en lugar de hablar español necesitamos escribirlo y leerlo. Esta necesidad cambia por completo el inventario de tiempos ya que, para articular un texto es preciso dejar muy claro que unos acontecimientos ocurren antes o después de ot…
Software Architectures for Human-Machine Interaction Using Natural Language
Il linguaggio naturale rappresenta un sistema di comunicazione a carattere inferenziale in opposizione ai sistemi di comunicazione a codice che non prevedono una forma di ragionamento intelligente da parte del ricevente, ma si basano sul riconoscimento di patterns dell'informazione. In un sistema di comunicazione di tipo inferenziale, infatti, si parte dal presupposto che il ricevente abbia una certa "intelligenza" e sia, quindi, capace di comprendere, elaborare ed inferire il contenuto informativo di una comunicazione attraverso ragionamenti su un background di conoscenze (come modelli di mondo e di linguaggio) condivisi sia dalla sorgente che dal destinatario. L'attività di ricerca, svolt…