Search results for " HIV Infection"

showing 6 items of 46 documents

Monocyte to lymphocyte blood ratio in tuberculosis and HIV patients: Comparative analysis, preliminary data

2017

Recent data confirmed the hypothesis suggested by historical studies that the ratio of peripheral blood monocytes to lymphocytes (M/L) is associated with the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. We retrospectively analyzed the electronic health records of tuberculosis and HIV-positive patients who had followed day-care programs at the AIDS Center of the University of Palermo, Italy. 261 patients were recruited and divided into 6 groups as follows: healthy control group (HCG: 47 pts), latent HIV negative infected TB group (LIG, 43 pts), active HIV negative tuberculosis (TAG: 61 pts), treated tuberculosis HIV negative (TTG: 44 pts), HIV drug-naive patients tested TST and QFT-IT-negative with ne…

PharmacologyCo-infected HIV/TBCTuberculosiDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceCo-infected HIV/TBC; HIV infection; Monocyte to lymphocyte blood RATIO; Tuberculosis; Pharmacology; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceMonocyte to lymphocyte blood RATIOHIV infection
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An adaptive multimeme algorithm for designing HIV multidrug therapies.

2007

This paper proposes a period representation for modeling the multidrug HIV therapies and an Adaptive Multimeme Algorithm (AMmA) for designing the optimal therapy. The period representation offers benefits in terms of flexibility and reduction in dimensionality compared to the binary representation. The AMmA is a memetic algorithm which employs a list of three local searchers adaptively activated by an evolutionary framework. These local searchers, having different features according to the exploration logic and the pivot rule, have the role of exploring the decision space from different and complementary perspectives and, thus, assisting the standard evolutionary operators in the optimizati…

ScheduleMathematical optimizationComputer scienceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV therapy designAdaptive algorithms; HIV therapy design; Memetic algorithms; Nonlinear integer programming; Algorithms; Anti-HIV Agents; Biomimetics; Computer Simulation; Drug Combinations; Drug Design; Drug Therapy Computer-Assisted; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunity Innate; Models ImmunologicalHIV InfectionsReduction (complexity)Computer-AssistedDrug TherapyModelsBiomimeticsGeneticsInnateHumansComputer SimulationRepresentation (mathematics)MetaheuristicStatistical hypothesis testingFlexibility (engineering)Applied MathematicsNonlinear integer programmingImmunityModels ImmunologicalAdaptive algorithmsImmunity InnateDrug Therapy Computer-AssistedDrug CombinationsImmunologicalDrug DesignMemetic algorithmsMemetic algorithmAlgorithmAlgorithmsBiotechnologyPremature convergenceIEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
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Vitamin D Deficiency in HIV Infection: Not Only a Bone Disorder

2015

Hypovitaminosis D is a worldwide disorder, with a high prevalence in the general population of both Western and developing countries. In HIV patients, several studies have linked vitamin D status with bone disease, neurocognitive impairment, depression, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, infections, autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the most recent epidemiological and experimental data dealing with the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and HIV infection. We analysed the extent of the problem, pathogenic mechanisms, clinical implications, and potential benefits of vitamin …

Settore MED/09 - Medicina InternaBone diseasePopulationlcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsReview ArticleDiseaseGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologyvitamin D deficiencyRisk FactorsAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActivePrevalenceVitamin D and neurologyHumansMedicineHIV InfectionAntiretroviral Therapy Highly Active; HIV Infections; Humans; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Vitamin D Deficiency; Bone Diseases; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Immunology and Microbiology (all)educationeducation.field_of_studyType 1 diabetesGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryRisk Factorlcsh:RType 2 Diabetes MellitusVitamin D Deficiency; HIV Infection; Bone DisorderGeneral MedicineVitamin D Deficiencymedicine.diseaseImmunologyBone DiseasesMetabolic syndromebusinessHumanBioMed Research International
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Occult Hepatitis B Infection (OBI)in HIV-Infected Patients in Palermo: Preliminary data

2011

Settore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataOBI HIV Infection
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The metabolic syndrome and HIV infection.

2013

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, has become an important public health problem. Considerable differences in the prevalence of the MetS in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects have been reported, as a consequence of several limitations regarding the diagnostic critera for MetS. New evidence suggests that the use of optimal waist cut-off points specific for the various ethnic populations could represent a step forward in overcoming these limitations. Also the use of specific cut-off points for measuring upper trunk fat as an adjunctive criterion of MetS in HIV patients with lipodystrophy could represent an…

The Metabolic Syndrome HIV Infection.medicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsPopulationAdipokineHIV InfectionsType 2 diabetesDiseaseRisk FactorsInternal medicineDrug DiscoveryEpidemiologymedicineHumanseducationPharmacologyMetabolic Syndromeeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryPublic healthmedicine.diseaseImmunologyLipodystrophyMetabolic syndromeInsulin ResistancebusinessCurrent pharmaceutical design
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Durability of Dolutegravir-Based Regimens: A 5-Year Prospective Observational Study

2021

This study evaluates the frequency and causes of dolutegravir (DTG) discontinuation along 5 years of follow-up, in both antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive and experienced people living with HIV (PLWH). This is a prospective multi-center cohort study enrolling PLWH on DTG from July 2014 until November 2020. DTG-durability was investigated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used for estimating the hazard ratio (HR) of DTG discontinuation for any cause, and for adverse events (AEs). Nine hundred sixty-three PLWH were included, 25.3% were women and 28.0% were ART-naive. Discontinuations for any causes were 10.1 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 8.9-1…

adverse events; dolutegravir; durability; HIV; safety; toxicity; virolgical failure; Cohort Studies; Female; Heterocyclic Compounds 3-Ring; Humans; Middle Aged; Oxazines; Piperazines; Prospective Studies; Pyridones; Anti-HIV Agents; HIV InfectionssafetyPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettivePyridonesAnti-HIV AgentsOxazineHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)adverse eventHIV Infectionsvirolgical failurePyridonemedicine.disease_cause3-RingHIV Infections.PiperazinesCohort Studieschemistry.chemical_compoundHeterocyclic CompoundsHIV; adverse events; dolutegravir; durability; safety; toxicity; virolgical failureOxazinesAntiretroviral treatmentMedicineHumansProspective StudiesAdverse effectPiperazinebusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHIVtoxicityAnti-HIV AgentMiddle Agedadverse eventsDiscontinuationdolutegravirvirolgical failure.Prospective StudieInfectious DiseaseschemistryDolutegravirdurabilityObservational studyFemaleCohort StudiebusinessHeterocyclic Compounds 3-RingHuman
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