Search results for " Hearing"
showing 10 items of 301 documents
Early language and behavioral regulation skills as predictors of social outcomes.
2012
Purpose In the present study, the authors examined the prospective associations among early language skills, behavioral regulation skills, and 2 aspects of school-age social functioning (adaptability and social skills). Method The study sample consisted of children with and without a familial risk for dyslexia. The authors analyzed the relations among children’s language (at age 2;6 [years;months] and age 5;0), behavioral regulation skills (at age 5;0), and social functioning (at age 8;0) using structural equation modeling. Subgroups of children with respect to language and behavioral regulation skills (at age 5;0) were identified through the use of mixture modeling. Results Among at-risk …
The effect of MPEG audio compression on multidimensional set of voice parameters
2002
The MPEG-1 Layer 3 compression schema of audio signal, or commonly known as mp3, has caused a great impact in recent years as it has reached high compression rates while also conserving a high sound quality. Previous listening tests have shown that music and speech samples compressed at high bitrates are virtually indistinguishable from the original samples, but very little is known about how compression acoustically affects the voice signal. In Experiment 1 the spectral composition of original and compressed speech signals were analyzed by means of the Long-Term Average Spectrum using the Computerized Speech Laboratory (Kay Elemetrics Corp. (Pine Brook, NJ, USA)). In Experiment 2 a set of …
Characteristics of tinnitus with or without hearing loss: Clinical observations in Sicilian tinnitus patients
2010
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of tinnitus both in normal hearing subjects and in patients with hearing loss. Methods: The study considered 312 tinnitus sufferers, 176 males and 136 females, ranging from 21 to 83 years of age, who were referred to the Audiology Section of the Department of Bio-technology of Palermo University. The following parameters were considered: age, sex, hearing threshold, tinnitus laterality, tinnitus duration, tinnitus measurements and subjective disturbance caused by tinnitus. The sample was divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1) subjects with normal hearing; Group 2 (G2) subjects with hearing loss. Results: Among the patients considered, 115 ha…
Brainstem evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in differential diagnosis of intracranial hypotension.
2019
Summary Objective To compare brainstem acoustic evoked potentials (BAEP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differential diagnosis of intracranial hypotension (IH), Chiari malformation (CM) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods BAEP were recorded in 18 IH, 18 CM, 20 SNHL patients and 52 controls. MRI were acquired in all IH and CM patients. Results Abnormal BAEP were observed in 94% of IH patients, in 33% of CM and 70% of SNHL patients. After recovery from IH, BAEP abnormalities disappeared. Internal auditory canal (IAC) MRI abnormalities were described in 88% of IH patients. MRI signs of IH were observed in 33–78% in IH patients, but the most frequent MRI sign was 8th ner…
Hearing loss in Fabry disease: data from the Fabry Outcome Survey
2006
Hearing loss is a common symptom in Fabry disease, but neither its natural course nor its aetiology has been defined precisely. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed epidemiological description of hearing impairment in patients in the Fabry Outcome Survey (FOS), which is the largest available database of Fabry patients. Questionnaires were completed by 566 Fabry patients, of whom 316 reported ear-related symptoms. Pure-tone audiograms from 86 patients, performed before starting enzyme replacement therapy, were analysed and compared with age- and sex-specific normal values (International Organization for Standardization, ISO 7029). When compared to an age-matched population (ISO 70…
Effect of Corticosteroids on Facial Function after Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Removal: A Double-Blind Study versus Placebo
2015
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of corticosteroids administered intra- and postoperatively on the occurrence of facial palsy after a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection, and to investigate pre- and intraoperative prognostic factors. A multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind and versus-placebo study was conducted between 2006 and 2010. Three hundred and ten patients operated on for a CPA tumor (96% vestibular schwannomas, 4% miscellaneous) were included by five participating centers. The population was stratified into patients with small (≤15 mm CPA on axial MRI views) and large tumors. In each group, patients were randomized to receive corticosteroid (1 mg…
The Role of Dysfunctional Cognitions in Patients With Chronic Tinnitus
2015
OBJECTIVES The present study investigates the role of dysfunctional cognitions in patients with chronic tinnitus. To explore different dimensions of tinnitus-related thoughts, a 22-item self-report measure, the "Tinnitus Cognitions Scale" (T-Cog), is presented. Furthermore, dysfunctional cognitions are examined as a possible mediator of the relation between tinnitus distress and depression. DESIGN The present study analyzes the cross-sectional data of 373 patients with chronic tinnitus. Parallel analysis and principal axis factoring are used to identify the factor structure of the T-Cog. Assumed mediating effects are tested using the asymptotic and resampling procedure. RESULTS Factor analy…
Vocal fold strain and vocal pitch in singing:Radiographic observations of singers and nonsingers
1998
Summary The relationship between vocal fold strain and vocal pitch in singersand nonsingers singing a rising pitch series has been indirectly investigated by means of lateral radiographs. Nonsingers tend to exhibit more strain than singers. To standardize the degree of strain, an index of strain per semitone is proposed. The semitone strain indicates the average amount of strain per 1 semitone of pitch increase or decrease. The index has been shown to be affected by several factors: gender, singing training, singing technique, voice class, age, and status of muscle function. Observations suggest that similar groups of individuals occupy different positions on the stress-strain curve, indica…
Auditory temporal processing deficits in patients with insular stroke
2006
OBJECTIVE: To assess central auditory function in a series of patients with stroke of the insula and adjacent areas. METHODS: The authors recruited eight patients with stroke affecting the insula and adjacent areas and eight neurologically normal controls (matched to the patients for age, sex, handedness, and hearing thresholds). The lesion spared the adjacent auditory areas in three patients and included other auditory structures in five cases. The authors conducted pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry and a central auditory test battery, which included the dichotic digits, and three temporal tests, the duration pattern, frequency pattern, and gaps in noise tests. They collected informati…
Electrophysiological Investigations of Shape and Reproducibility of Oropharyngeal Swallowing: Interaction with Bolus Volume and Age
2015
Electrophysiological assessment provides valuable information on physiological and pathophysiological characteristics of human swallowing. Here, new electrophysiological measures for the evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing were assessed: (1) the activation pattern of the submental/suprahyoid EMG activity (SHEMG); (2) the reproducibility of the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing, by calculating the similarity index (SI) of the SHEMG (SI-SHEMG) and of the laryngeal-pharyngeal mechanogram (SI-LPM) during repeated swallows; and (3) kinesiological measures related to the LPM. An electrophysiological-mechanical method for measuring the activation pattern of the SHEMG, the SI-SHEMG, and t…