Search results for " Hearing"
showing 10 items of 301 documents
Hearing as a Predictor of Falls and Postural Balance in Older Female Twins
2009
BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to examine, first, whether hearing acuity predicts falls and whether the potential association is explained by postural balance and, second, to examine whether shared genetic or environmental effects underlie these associations. METHODS: Hearing was measured using a clinical audiometer as a part of the Finnish Twin Study on Aging in 103 monozygotic and 114 dizygotic female twin pairs aged 63-76 years. Postural balance was indicated as a center of pressure (COP) movement in semitandem stance, and participants filled in a fall-calendar daily for an average of 345 days after the baseline. RESULTS: Mean hearing acuity (better ear hearing threshol…
Genetic and environmental influences on hearing in older women.
2007
Background. This study examined the relative contribution of genetic and environmental effects on the air-conducted hearing threshold level (0.5‐4 kHz) and speech recognition threshold level of the better ear as well as self-reported hearing in older women. Methods. Hearing was measured as a part of the Finnish Twin Study on Aging in 103 monozygotic (MZ) and 114 dizygotic (DZ) female twin pairs aged 63‐76 years. Audiometric measured hearing was tested using standardized methods in soundproof conditions. Self-reported hearing was assessed by a structured question. Quantitative genetic modeling was used for data analyses. Results. No significant differences in age, exposure to noise, hearing-…
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Police Officers: Systematic Review.
2022
Introduction: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is defined as the sensorineural hearing loss caused by acute acoustic trauma or chronic exposure to high-intensity noises. Exposure to noises can lead to irreversible damage to the inner ear and, consequently, to a permanent shift of the hearing threshold. Police officers are particularly at risk of acute or chronic hearing damages. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hearing loss of police officers in relation to the occupational risk factors and clinical-anamnestic characteristics by collecting and analyzing existing data and evidence available in public databases. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to th…
Reading Disabilities in children with Specific Language Impairment
2019
El presente estudio examinó el rendimiento en lectura de los niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Treinta niños con TEL y 32 niños con desarrollo normal del lenguaje, equilibrados en género, edad cronológica e inteligencia, fueron evaluados mediante el PROLEC-R. Los resultados de los ANOVAs indicaron que ambos grupos difieren en el rendimiento en lectura. Como grupo, los niños con TEL tuvieron significativamente un rendimiento inferior, tanto en la exactitud como en el tiempo de la lectura de palabras y pseudopalabras, por lo que tenían una menos eficacia de lectura. En la misma línea, el rendimiento de los niños con TEL en comprensión literal e inferencial también fue inferio…
Audiovisual speech perception in children with developmental language disorder in degraded listening conditions.
2013
Purpose The effect of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the perception of audiovisual speech in children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD) was investigated by varying the noise level and the sound intensity of acoustic speech. The main hypotheses were that the McGurk effect (in which incongruent visual speech alters the auditory speech percept) would be weaker for children with DLD than for controls and that it would get stronger with decreasing SNR in both groups. Method The participants were 8-year-old children with DLD and a sample of children with normal language development. In the McGurk stimuli, the consonant uttered by the voice differed from that articulated …
Auditory, speech and language development in young children with cochlear implants compared with children with normal hearing.
2010
Abstract Objective This study had two aims: (1) to document the auditory and lexical development of children who are deaf and received the first cochlear implant (CI) by the age of 16 months and the second CI by the age of 31 months and (2) to compare these children's results with those of children with normal hearing (NH). Methods This longitudinal study included five children with NH and five with sensorineural deafness. All children of the second group were observed for 36 months after the first fitting of the device (cochlear implant). The auditory development of the CI group was documented every 3 months up to the age of two years in hearing age and chronological age and for the NH gro…
Cortical neuroplasticity in children after early cochlear implantation
2009
Hearing is crucial to learn and use language. Loss of hearing in children affects the development of speech, language and cognitive abilities, and severely impairs social capabilities. Thus, efforts to restore auditory perception are determinative and research should be focused on factors likely to bring about the best prognosis. Numerous experimental observations demonstrate that there is a sensitive or critical period for cochlear implantation. Implantations performed in prelingually deaf children in this period are associated with better results in terms of speech recognition and language acquisition. This is the time period in which brain plasticity shows its highest level of developmen…
Autoimmune ear disease: clinical and diagnostic relevance in Cogan’s sydrome
2017
The autoimmune inner ear disease is a clinical syndrome with uncertain pathogenesis that is often associated to rapidly progressive hearing loss that, especially at the early stages of disease, may be at monoaural localization, although more often it is at binaural localization. It usually occurs as a sudden deafness, or a rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss. In this study a particular form of autoimmune inner ear disease is described, Cogan’s syndrome. Cogan’s syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disorder that most commonly affects young adults. Clinical hallmarks are interstitial keratitis, vestibular and auditory dysfunction. Associations between Cogan’s syndrome and systemic va…
Medikamentöse Therapie progredienter kindlicher Hörstörungen
1991
In 1987 and 1988 Nickisch et al. discussed the effect of infusions of prednisolone, pentoxifylline and, partially, piracetam in Ringer lactate solvent on progressive sensorineural hearing loss in childhood and adolescence. Time of observations was 4 years. Unfortunately long-term investigations could not confirm the initially good therapeutic results of 1987/88. In 35% were found permanently and in 12.5% temporarily better auditory thresholds after infusion. The loss of progressive sensorineural hearing in childhood usually takes a fateful course that can hardly be influenced. As is the case with adults, good therapeutic results can most probably be achieved by infusions starting close to t…
Evolución de la competencia comunicativa mediante intervención pragmática en retraso del lenguaje: estudio de caso
2021
En el presente trabajo se describe la eficacia de la evaluación e intervención pragmática en un caso de retraso del lenguaje secundario a daño cerebral infantil. La intervención logopédica adoptó un marco teórico de psicolingüística cognitiva funcional y se centró en potenciar las habilidades pragmáticas comunicativas mediante la estimulación de las categorías pragmáticas interactivas en contextos conversacionales naturales. Mediante el PREP-R (Protocolo Rápido de Evaluación Pragmática Revisado) se ha hecho un seguimiento de la orientación comunicativa de los turnos, la predictibilidad, la eficacia comunicativa, la habilidad pragmática (general, específica y gramatical) y los elementos que …