Search results for " Heterologous"
showing 10 items of 103 documents
Gene Expression Analysis Uncovers Similarity and Differences Among Burkitt Lymphoma Subtypes.
2011
Abstract Abstract 2494 Background. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is currently listed in the WHO classification of lymphoid tumors as a single genetic and morphological entity with variation in clinical presentation. In particular, three clinical subsets of BL are recognized: endemic (eBL), sporadic (sBL) and immunodeficiency associated (ID-BL). Each affects different populations and can present with different features. So far, possible differences in their gene expression profiles (GEP) have not been investigated. In this study we aimed to 1) assess whether BL subtypes present with differences in their GEP; 2) investigate the relationship of the different BL subtypes with the non-neoplastic cellula…
Protective role of the complement regulatory protein human CD-55 in cardiac xenograft: a descriptive study and a revision of the literature.
2002
The limited and inadequate availability of organs from human donors has resulted in the utilisation of xenografts as an alternative tool. Nevertheless, hyperacute rejection (HAR) following xenograft determines the loss of the transplanted organ. The “primum movens” is the activation of the complement pathway mediated by the binding of natural xenogenic antibodies to the endothelium of the graft, followed by the lysis of the endothelial cells with subsequent oedema, thrombosis and necrosis of the transplanted organ. In this work we describe morphological and biomolecular observations of isolated human-decay accelerating factor (h-DAF, CD55) transgenic pig hearts, after perfusion for four hou…
Organ xenografting between rodents: an evolutionary perspective
1994
Rejection times of heart xenografts in several donor-recipient combinations including the guinea pig, rat, hamster, and mouse are examined in light of the paleontological history of rodents and the resulting phylogenetic distances between taxa. This multidisciplinary review at the molecular, chromosomal and morphological levels suggests that xenograft rejection time is inversely proportional to the time divergence or phylogenetic distance, and that the binomial terminology concordant/discordant does not reflect the amplitude of phylogenetic distances.
Bioethics and power: Informed consent procedures in post-socialist Latvia
2013
This paper explores two lines of development in the donor consent procedures in post-Soviet Latvia. The paper is based on secondary analysis of interview, focus group discussion data, and media and legal text material collected throughout three previously conducted research projects on organ transplantation, population genome project and xenotransplantation focusing on the historical development of the issues of donor consent across these three fields of medical technologies. The paper argues that the quality of consent depends not as much on political and legal change per se as on the strengthening of the position of both medical specialists and donors, facilitating bonds between the two.
Protection from graft-versus-host disease by HIV-1 envelope protein gp120-mediated activation of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.
2009
AbstractNaturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) represent a unique T-cell lineage that is endowed with the ability to actively suppress immune responses. Therefore, approaches to modulate Treg function in vivo could provide ways to enhance or reduce immune responses and lead to novel therapies. Here we show that the CD4 binding human immunodeficiency virus-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 is a useful and potent tool for functional activation of human Tregs in vitro and in vivo. Gp120 activates human Tregs by binding and signaling through CD4. Upon stimulation with gp120, human Tregs accumulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in their cytosol. Inhibition of endogeneous cA…
Successful gamete intrafallopian transfer following failed artificial insemination by donor: evidence for a defect in gamete transport?
1988
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) was offered as an alternative treatment to 48 women who failed to conceive after artificial insemination with donor semen (AID) in numerous attempts (9 to 24 cycles). The evaluation of these women showed no major cause of infertility as evidenced by normal endocrine, cervical, uterine, and tubal factor studies. Their partners were either azoospermic or severely oligoasthenospermic. During the GIFT cycle, follicular development was induced with (1) clomiphene citrate (days 3 to 7) plus human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) from day 6 on or (2) human follicle-stimulating hormone (days 3 to 4) plus hMG (day 5 on), until ultrasound revealed 2 follicles 16 mm…
Deficiencies in reporting results of lesbians and gays after donor intrauterine insemination and assisted reproductive technology treatments: a revie…
2015
At a time when increasing numbers of lesbians and gays consider parenthood using reproductive assistance in infertility centers, the present review aims to summarize the results obtained so far by lesbians after intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) using donor spermatozoa (D-IUI and D-IVF, respectively) and gays entering into gestational-surrogacy programs. Data show that gays display normal semen parameters and lesbians exhibit no specific causes of female infertility except perhaps for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and some PCOS-related factors. Pair-bonded lesbians entering into D-IUI programs, tend to have higher pregnancy and delivery percentages followin…
Immunological and biological identification of tumour necrosis-like factor in sponges: Endotoxin that mediates necrosis formation in xenografts
1992
Xenografts of the sponge Geodia cydonium in its closely related species G. rovinjensis resulted in a rapid rejection of the graft within a period of 5 days. We identified an immunoreactive tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-like activity in the xenograft (Mr of 30,000) two days after grafting. In-vivo injection of 5 micrograms human recombinant TNF-alpha induced cytotoxicity in sponge cells in the same pattern and time course as during natural xenograft rejection. Anti-TNF-alpha polyclonals were found to react with xenograft extracts, by Western blot analysis, as from day 2 after grafting. Using ELISA we detected the TNF-like activity from day 2 after grafting with peak levels at days 4 and 5, wh…
pp32/PHAPI determines the apoptosis response of non-small-cell lung cancer
2007
During malignant transformation, cancer cells have to evade cell-intrinsic tumor suppressor mechanisms including apoptosis, thus acquiring a phenotype that is relatively resistant to clinically applied anticancer therapies. Molecular characterization of apoptotic signal transduction defects may help to identify prognostic markers and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. To this end we have undertaken functional analyses of drug-induced apoptosis in human non-small cell-lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that primary drug resistance correlated with defects in apoptosome-dependent caspase activation in vitro. While cytochrome c-induced apoptosome formation was maintained, the subsequent …
Soft tissue Ewing sarcoma--peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor with atypical clear cell pattern shows a new type of EWS-FEV fusion transcript.
2000
This study describes a new case of Ewing sarcoma (ES)-peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET) with unusual phenotype and fusion gene structure. The tumor located in the inguinal area of a 15-year-old boy showed a highly aggressive behavior with hematogenous metastases after intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant, causing death 28 months after diagnosis. The tumor displayed a clear cell pattern, and several neuroectodermal markers proved positive both in the original tumor and in xenografts. This neuroectodermal character was confirmed by electron microscopy. Moreover, cytogenetically the tumor has an unusual chromosomal rearrangement, t(2;22)(q13;q22,t(3;18)(p21;q23); …