Search results for " Hormonal"
showing 10 items of 68 documents
Does tamoxifen change oestrogen and progesterone receptor expression in the endometrium and breast?
2000
We studied the expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) in postmenopausal women receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer. In addition the literature addressing the question of ER and PR expression in breast tissue during treatment with tamoxifen was reviewed. We demonstrated consistent expression of ER and PR in endometria from patients receiving tamoxifen, with a trend towards a higher proportion of receptor positive specimens during tamoxifen. In breast cancer tissue, the ER content seemed to be reduced following tamoxifen treatment. After short time exposure to tamoxifen, the PR appeared to be increased, longer treatment caused the PR to go down to pretreatment levels or …
Finding the right dose of fulvestrant in breast cancer
2012
Fulvestrant is a selective estrogen receptor downregulator, behaving as a complete antagonist. It was initially approved, at a dose of 250 mg, to treat hormone dependant breast cancer in second line setting. However, a series of pharmacological and pre-clinical studies have suggested that a higher dose of 500 mg may be more effective. The present work summarizes and discusses clinical trials that have aimed to test the benefits of administering fulvestrant at a higher dose. The data support the use of a higher, and more possibly, effective dose of the agent.
Male breast cancer.
2010
Male breast cancer (MaleBC) is a rare disease, accounting for <1% of all male tumors. During the last few years, there has been an increase in the incidence of this disease, along with the increase in female breast cancer (FBC). Little is known about the etiology of MaleBC: hormonal, environmental and genetic factors have been reported to be involved in its pathogenesis. Major risk factors include clinical disorders carrying hormonal imbalances, radiation exposure and, in particular, a positive family history (FH) for BC, the latter suggestive of genetic susceptibility. Rare mutations in high-penetrance genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) confer a high risk of BC development; low-penetrance gene mutati…
Solid lipid nanoparticles containing tamoxifen characterization and in vitro antitumoral activity.
2005
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing tamoxifen, a nons- teroidal antiestrogen used in breast cancer therapy, were prepared by microemulsion and precipitation techniques. Tamoxifen loaded SLNs seem to have dimensional properties useful for parenteral administration, and in vitro plasmatic drug release studies demon- strated that these systems are able to give a prolonged release of the drug in the intact form. Preliminary study of antiproliferative ac- tivity in vitro, carried out on MCF-7 cell line (human breast cancer cells), demonstrated that SLNs, containing tamoxifen showed an antitumoral activity comparable to free drug. The results of char- acterization studies and of in vitro …
Estudio de las alteraciones genéticas asociadas con la resistencia al tratamiento neoadjuvante de deprivación estrogénica en cáncer de mama
2021
With current standard of care adjuvant therapy, approximately 25-30% of women with high risk early stage HR+/HER2- breast cancer experience relapse. The preoperative platform offers an opportunity to interrogate mechanisms of drug resistance that, in turn, could inform the choice of adjuvant therapy. We report herein a study where we performed targeted DNA sequencing and whole transcriptome analysis on whole tumor sections from a cohort of 68 operable ER+ breast cancers treated with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole for a median of 7.2 months before surgery, and a with a median follow up of 5 years. We found that resistant tumors were enriched in clinically actionable mutation and showed an…
Preventive effect of risedronate on bone loss and frailty fractures in elderly women treated with anastrozole for early breast cancer.
2011
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of adjuvant anastrozole, alone or associated with risedronate, on BMD and bone fracture risk in women more than 70 years old with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer (EBC). In a group of 51 elderly women (aged 76.4 ± 5.0 years) considered for adjuvant aromatase inhibitors for EBC, 24 patients with T-scores ≥ -2 and no prevalent fractures received anastrozole 1 mg/day (group A), and 27 patients with T-scores < -2, or with T-scores ≥ -2 and prevalent fractures (group B), received anastrozole (1 mg/day) plus risedronate (35 mg/week). Both groups received supplementation with 1 g calcium carbonate and 800 IU vitamin D per day. Differen…
The loss of muscle mass and sarcopenia: non hormonal intervention.
2011
Muscle aging is a key component of the increase in frailty in human populations. The generation of critical levels of power is a prerequisite to perform simple tasks of daily living, such as rising from a chair or climbing stairs. There is great scientific and social interest to determine which behaviors can lead to the maintenance of the muscle mass in young immobilized subjects and in the elderly. Several hormonal treatments have been proposed for the treatment of sarcopenia. However, the side effects associated to these treatments emphasize the need of finding non-toxic and non-hormonal treatments that help increase muscle strength, improve muscle function, and decrease the degree of dep…
Palbociclib plus endocrine therapy in HER2 negative, hormonal receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer: A real-world experience
2019
Data from 423 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−), hormone receptor-positive (HR+) advanced breast cancer (aBC) patients treated with palbociclib and endocrine therapy (ET) were provided by 35 Italian cancer centers and analyzed for treatment outcomes. Overall, 158 patients were treated in first line and 265 in second/later lines. We observed 19 complete responses and 112 partial responses. The overall response rate (ORR) was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 26.6–35.4) and clinical benefit was 52.7% (95% CI, 48–57.5). ORR was negatively affected by prior exposure to everolimus/exemestane (p = 0.002) and favorably influenced by early line-treatment (p < 0.0001). At…
Aggressive variants of prostate cancer – Are we ready to apply specific treatment right now?
2019
Recently, adoption of novel drugs for systemic treatment of metastatic prostate cancer has led to a striking improvement of response rate and survival in both hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant disease. In most cases, prostate cancer essentially depends on androgen receptor signaling axis, even in castration-resistant setting, and hence may be targeted by second generation hormonal therapy. However, a subset of patients bears androgen-independent cancer biology with a short-term response to hormonal treatment, early and extensive visceral metastases, low PSA levels and poor outcomes. Identification and specific management of these rapidly fatal malignancies is of an unmet medical ne…
Interspecies differences in cancer susceptibility and toxicity.
1999
One of the most complex challenges to the toxicologist represents extrapolation from laboratory animals to humans. In this article, we review interspecies differences in metabolism and toxicity of heterocyclic amines, aflatoxin B1, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and related compounds, endocrine disrupters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tamoxifen, and digitoxin. As far as possible, extrapolations to human toxicity and carcinogenicity are performed. Humans may be more susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of heterocyclic amines than monkeys, rats, and mice. Especially, individuals with high CYP1A2 and 3A4 activities and the rapid acetylator phenotype may be expected to have …