Search results for " Indirect"

Secretion, interaction and assembly of two O-glycosylated cell wall antigens from Candida albicans.

2001

The mechanisms of incorporation of two antigens have been determined using a monoclonal antibody (3A10) raised against the material released from the mycelial cell wall by zymolyase digestion and retained on a concanavalin A column. One of the hybridomas secreted an IgG that reacted with two bands in Western blots. Indirect immunofluorescence showed that the antigens were located on the surfaces of mycelial cells, but within the cell walls of yeasts. These antigens were detected in a membrane preparation, in the SDS-soluble material and in the material released by a 1,3-beta-glucanase and chitinase from the cell walls of yeast and mycelial cells. In the latter three samples, an additional h…

Latitudinal- and local-scale variations in a rocky intertidal interaction web

2015

Natural assemblages are structured by a complex combination of positive and negative interactions, and the relative importance of each interaction can vary across spatial scales. By using a simple interaction web (barnacles-grazers-microphytobenthos) in a rocky intertidal system, we tested the hypothesis that the relative strength of positive and negative interactions would vary as a function of different environmental stress between 2 latitudinal levels and local environmental conditions. We manipulated the cover of barnacles and the presence of limpets at 2 sites in northern and southern Italy and non-destructively examined the response of microphyto - benthos (MPB) (photosynthetic biomas…

Beneficial Effect of Docosahexanoic Acid and Lutein on Retinal Structural, Metabolic, and Functional Abnormalities in Diabetic Rats

2009

To assess the effect of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) and lutein (both compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties) on experimental diabetic retinopathy.Male Wistar rats were studied: non-diabetic controls, untreated diabetic controls, and diabetic rats were treated with DHA and lutein or the combination of DHA + insulin and lutein + insulin for 12 weeks. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, apoptosis, and functional tests were studied to confirm biochemical and functional changes in the retina of diabetic rats. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione concentrations (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) were measured as oxidative stress markers. TUNEL assay and caspa…

Digital indirect bonding technique: a literature review

2021

Nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band gap in adamantine ordered-vacancy compounds

2010

A strong nonlinear pressure dependence of the optical absorption edge has been measured in defect chalcopyrites CdGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and HgGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4}. The behavior is due to the nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band-gap energy in these compounds as confirmed by ab initio calculations. Our calculations for CdGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4}, HgGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and monoclinic {beta}-Ga{sub 2}Se{sub 3} provide evidence that the nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band-gap energy is a general feature of adamantine ordered-vacancy compounds irrespective of their composition and crystalline structure. The nonlinear behavior is due to a conduction band anticrossing at the {Gamma} po…

Contrary roles of IL-4 and IL-12 on IL-10 production and proliferation of human tumour reactive T cells.

1997

The cytokine profile of tumour reactive T cells is likely to play a central role in their function. However, little is known about how cytokine patterns of tumour reactive T cells can be regulated. Here, the authors investigated the influence of exogenous regulatory cytokines in addition to interleukin-2 (IL-2) on cytokine patterns and the proliferation of T cells recognizing an autologous sarcoma cell line. In this system, IL-4 and IL-12 showed the most polarizing influences on tumour reactive T cells. Exogenous IL-4 induced a predominant production of IL-4 while decreasing the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-10 production by tumour reactive T cells. It also stimulated the growth of tu…

TCDD-dependent downregulation of gamma-catenin in rat liver epithelial cells (WB-F344).

2002

TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) is the most potent tumor promoter ever tested in rodents. Although it is known that most of the effects of TCDD are mediated by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), the mechanisms leading to tumor promotion still remain to be elucidated. Loss of contact-inhibition is a characteristic hallmark in tumorigenesis. In WB-F344 cells, TCDD induces a release from contact-inhibition manifested by a 2- to 3-fold increase in DNA-synthesis and the emergence of foci when TCDD (1 nM) is given to confluent cells. We focussed our interest on potential cell membrane proteins mediating contact-inhibition in WB-F344 cells, namely E-cadherin, alpha,- beta,-…

Definition ofDrosophilahemocyte subsets by cell-type specific antigens

2008

We analyzed the heterogeneity of Drosophila hemocytes on the basis of the expression of cell-type specific antigens. The antigens characterize distinct subsets which partially overlap with those defined by morphological criteria. On the basis of the expression or the lack of expression of blood cell antigens the following hemocyte populations have been defined: crystal cells, plasmatocytes, lamellocytes and precursor cells. The expression of the antigens and thus the different cell types are developmentally regulated. The hemocytes are arranged in four main compartments: the circulating blood cells, the sessile tissue, the lymph glands and the posterior hematopoietic tissue. Each hemocyte c…

Effects of Cytokines on the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules by Cultured Human Omental Mesothelial Cells

1995

Cultured mesothelial cells (HOMES) are very responsive to the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are known to play an important role, because they are presented by diverse cell types, for example endothelial cells (ECs), and interact with co-responding ligands on white blood cell membranes. In this study, the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin as well as PECAM-1 on cultured HOMES was studied over 5, 24, 48 and 72 h exposure to IL-1 beta, interferon-gamma and TNF-alpha. In previous studies we have shown that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha increase the expression of ICAM-1, E-selectin and VCAM-1 on the cytopl…

Treatment with the anti-tumor drugs, cis-platin and mafosfamide, does not affect the structure of prekinetochores in a human breast cancer cell line.…

1996

Abstract The goal of the present article was to determine whether a nuclear parameter, centromere structure of interphase cells, could serve as an indicator to assess cellular damage caused by anti-tumor drugs. These were cis-platin and mafosfamide, which are widely used for the management of solid tumors. To visualize the centromeres, we probed treated and untreated cells of a human breast cancer cell line, MX-1, with a human anti-centromere serum. The serum was obtained from a scleroderma patient and detects antigens associated with prekinetochores of the decondensed chromosomes. The DNA was simultaneously displayed by a specific fluorescent dye. The cells were grown on coverslips, incuba…