Search results for " Industry"

showing 10 items of 2376 documents

The effect of oxygenation on the radiation hardness of silicon studied by surface photovoltage method

2002

The effect of oxygenation on the radiation hardness of silicon detectors was studied. Oxygen-enriched and standard float-zone silicon pin-diodes and oxidized samples were processed and irradiated with 15-MeV protons. After the irradiations, the surface photovoltage (SPV) method was applied to extract minority carrier diffusion lengths of the silicon samples. Adding oxygen to silicon was found to improve the radiation hardness of silicon. The effect was visible in minority carrier diffusion lengths as well as in reverse bias leakage currents. The suitability of SPV method for characterizing irradiated silicon samples was proved.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industrySurface photovoltageDetectortechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementCarrier lifetimeequipment and suppliescomplex mixturesOxygenstomatognathic diseasesNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryOptoelectronicsIrradiationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRadiation hardeningLeakage (electronics)IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Formation and characterization of oxidic and metallic Fe/Ni multilayers prepared from Langmuir-Blodgett films

1994

Oxidic and metallic iron, nickel, and mixed iron/nickel mono- and multilayers were prepared by some treatments of iron- and nickel-containing Langmuir-Blodgett films. The layers were characterized by several surface-sensitive methods. Interactions between the iron and the nickel could be observed. The results are different to those obtained from disordered bulk alloys and from simple diffusion calculations.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMolecular diffusionMaterials scienceInorganic chemistrytechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsLangmuir–Blodgett filmAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharacterization (materials science)MetalNickelchemistryvisual_artotorhinolaryngologic diseasesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHyperfine Interactions
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A measurement of the neutron to 199Hg magnetic moment ratio

2014

The neutron gyromagnetic ratio has been measured relative to that of the 199Hg atom with an uncertainty of 0.8 ppm. We employed an apparatus where ultracold neutrons and mercury atoms are stored in the same volume and report the result γn/γHg=3.8424574(30).

inorganic chemicalsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsNeutron magnetic momentAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGyromagnetic ratioFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic PhysicsNuclear physicsMagnetic momentGyromagnetic ratio0103 physical sciencesAtomNeutron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Physics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gases[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Magnetic moment010308 nuclear & particles physicsProton magnetic momenttechnology industry and agricultureQC0793Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Ultracold neutrons; Mercury atoms; Magnetic moment; Gyromagnetic ratioQC0770lcsh:QC1-999Mercury atomsElectric dipole momentbiological sciencesUltracold neutronslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAtomic physicsUltracold neutronslcsh:PhysicsPhysics Letters B
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Low-Intensity Neutron Emission from TiDx Samples Under Nonequilibrium Conditions

2001

Several experiments were performed that loaded titanium samples with deuterium from the gas phase, changed the temperature of the samples over a wide range, and monitored the neutron emission. Neutron emissions in very low intensity bursts, still significantly above the background, were recorded, revealing that low-energy nuclear reactions in condensed matter can be produced at a very low rate, which occasionally can be high enough to become detectable.

inorganic chemicalsNuclear reactionRange (particle radiation)Materials scienceNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena020209 energytechnology industry and agricultureGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistryfood and beverages02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physicsNeutron generatorDeuterium0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringNeutron cross sectionlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)NeutronNuclear ExperimentIntensity (heat transfer)Fusion Technology
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Sol-gel entrapped chromium(VI): a new selective, efficient and recyclable oxidizing system

2001

Abstract The sol-gel entrapment of chromium(VI) within a silica matrix, obtained by oxidation with ozone of the corresponding entrapped chromium(III), was found to be an efficient and recyclable oxidizing system (at least up to 16 times) for benzylic alcohols. No leaching of chromium in solution was observed, which prevented any environmental pollution.

inorganic chemicalsOzoneChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrytechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementEnvironmental pollutionBiochemistryChromiumchemistry.chemical_compoundSilica matrixDrug DiscoveryOxidizing agentotorhinolaryngologic diseasesLeaching (metallurgy)Sol-gelTetrahedron Letters
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ChemInform Abstract: Sol-Gel Entrapped Chromium(VI): A New Selective, Efficient and Recyclable Oxidizing System.

2010

Abstract The sol-gel entrapment of chromium(VI) within a silica matrix, obtained by oxidation with ozone of the corresponding entrapped chromium(III), was found to be an efficient and recyclable oxidizing system (at least up to 16 times) for benzylic alcohols. No leaching of chromium in solution was observed, which prevented any environmental pollution.

inorganic chemicalsOzonetechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementEnvironmental pollutionGeneral Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumchemistrySilica matrixOxidizing agentotorhinolaryngologic diseasesLeaching (metallurgy)Nuclear chemistrySol-gelChemInform
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Dependence of the emission properties of the germanium lone pair center on Ge doping of silica

2011

We present an experimental investigation regarding the changes induced by the Ge doping level on the emission profile of the germanium lone pair center (GLPC) in Ge doped silica. The investigated samples have been produced by the sol-gel method and by plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition and have doping levels up to 20% by weight. The recorded photoluminescence spectra show that the GLPC emission profile is the same when the Ge content is lower than ∼ 1% by weight, whereas it changes for higher doping levels. We have also performed Raman scattering measurements that show the decrease of the D1 Raman band at 490 cm( - 1) when the Ge content is higher than 1% by weight. The data suggest…

inorganic chemicalsPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDopingtechnology industry and agricultureAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumChemical vapor depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectSpectral linesymbols.namesakechemistrysymbolsGe-doped silica point defects structural propertiesddc:530General Materials ScienceLone pairRaman scatteringJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Beta-Decay Half-Lives and Neutron-Emission Probabilities of Very Neutron-Rich Y to Tc Isotopes

1996

Neutron-rich {sub 39}Y to {sub 43}Tc isotopes have been produced by fission of uranium with a 50MeV H{sub 2}{sup +} beam. Beta-decay half-lives, delayed neutron-emission probabilities, and production yields have been measured and compared with theory. Beta decay of 4 new isotopes is reported, and the {beta}-delayed neutron-emission mode has been discovered for 12 isotopes of the elements niobium and technetium. The results compared to quasiparticle random phase approximation predictions indicate the increasing importance of fast {beta} transitions to high-lying states of nuclei with large neutron excess. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

inorganic chemicalsPhysicsNUCLEISTABILITYIsotopeFissionNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear Theorytechnology industry and agriculturePREDICTIONSGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementUraniumFISSIONBeta decayYttrium IsotopesNuclear physicschemistryProduction (computer science)NeutronNuclear ExperimentPhysical Review Letters
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Annealing study of oxygenated and non-oxygenated float zone silicon irradiated with protons

2003

Abstract Introducing oxygen into the silicon material is believed to improve the radiation hardness of silicon detectors. In this study, oxygenated and non-oxygenated silicon samples were processed and irradiated with 15 MeV protons. In order to speed up the defect reactions after the exposure to particle radiation, the samples were heat treated at elevated temperatures. In this way, the long-term stability of silicon detectors in hostile radiation environment could be estimated. Current–voltage measurements and Surface Photovoltage (SPV) method were used to characterize the samples.

inorganic chemicalsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryAnnealing (metallurgy)Surface photovoltagetechnology industry and agricultureAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementRadiationFloat-zone siliconequipment and suppliescomplex mixtureschemistryOptoelectronicsIrradiationParticle radiationbusinessInstrumentationRadiation hardeningNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Water Fluxes in Polymeric Membranes for Desalination via Membrane Distillation

2010

Membrane distillation is an emerging technique for seawater desalination. Hydrophobic polymeric membranes are used to separate the solute‐free water vapour from the hot solution. Vapour fluxes of commercial polymeric membranes were measured in various conditions, i.e. natural and forced convection and vacuum. Vapour fluxes were also predicted with models and compared with experimentals. Higher fluxes were recorded in vacuum conditions.

inorganic chemicalsPhysics::Biological PhysicsSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaChemistryDiffusiontechnology industry and agriculturemembrane distillationPortable water purificationMembrane distillationDesalinationQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorForced convectionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesdesalinationMembraneChemical engineeringEnvironmental chemistrypolymeric membranebiological scienceshealth occupationsbacteriaPolymeric membranePhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsWater vapor
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