Search results for " Intake"
showing 10 items of 544 documents
Modulation of alcohol consumption using an operant self-administration paradigm: effects of a new dopamine aminoacidic conjugate, Phenylalanine-β(3,4…
2014
Rewarding and reinforcing properties of alcohol have been shown to be mediated by activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Experimental evidences suggest that mesolimbic dopamine system is hypofunctional in addicted brain; further, reduced dopaminergic activity outlasts somatic signs of withdrawal and may drive craving and relapse. Boosting strategy on dopaminergic neurons could represent a valid therapy. Effects of pharmacological manipulation of brain Dopaminergic receptors by a new dopamine conjugate, Phenylalanine-β(3,4dihydroxyphenyl)-etilamide (DA-Phen), on operant behaviour and on both acute and prolonged withdrawal symptoms during ethanol abstinence have been evaluated. Mal…
Non-Occupational Exposure to Pesticides: Experimental Approaches and Analytical Techniques (from 2019)
2021
© 2021 by the authors.
Assessment of Physical and Chemical Stability of Different Magnesium Compounds in Tablets
2020
Modern lifestyle, excessive chemicalization of agricultural products, excessive processing and refining of food, cause a decrease in daily intake of magnesium, cation with an extremely important role in prevention and treatment of many diseases. As a result, there arises the need for extra magnesium intake in the form of dietary supplements. In this study were evaluated the physical and chemical stability of magnesium-containing tablets, depending on the active compound and the excipients used. Magnesium tablets in the form of orotate, lactate, citrate, oxide and hydroxide were taken into study and physical and chemical stability were observed over the validity period, at 6 and at 12 month…
The reactivity of neonatal rabbits to the mammary pheromone as a probe for viability
2012
International audience; Newborn rabbits depend on a daily nursing interaction with the mother to gain milk and to survive. During this interaction, they localise and seize the nipples displaying a typical behaviour triggered by maternal odour cues. The mammary pheromone constitutes such a signal in domestic rabbits: it elicits sucking-related movements in more than 90% of the pups. However, some newborns remain unresponsive to the presentation of the pheromone, even pups apparently healthy and highly motivated to suck. The main goal of the present study was therefore to explore the link between the unresponsiveness of rabbit pups to the mammary pheromone and their growth and survival in bre…
The effectiveness of personalized design to feed elderly people
2015
Beyond the physiological age, the elderly population is characterized by a high heterogeneity in terms of physical, psychological and sociological status (Maître et al, 2015). Regarding eating behavior, several studies have highlighted a large inter-individual variability in chemosensory abilities (i.e. the ability to perceive an odor or a taste; Sulmont-Rossé et al, 2015) and oral-heath status (i.e. dental status, salivary flow; ALIMASSENS project), as well as inter-individual variability in food preference and food intake (AUPALESENS project). However, the food offer dedicated to the elderly population, and in particular to elderly people who needs help to obtain and/or prepare food for t…
A methodological look at the controversy about the influence of salt intake on cardiovascular risk
2012
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of premature death and disability. They represent an extraordinarily strong financial burden upon health-care systems in ‘‘developed’’ countries. Elevated blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. There is much evidence that cardiovascular risk increases from normal blood pressure (i.e., from 115/75 mmHg upwards) [1]. Overwhelming evidence shows that reducing salt intake from 9–12 g/day to 5–6 g/day lowers blood pressure [2]. Blood pressure is a surrogate endpoint, but may be related to a reduction of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular causes. Thus, intensive support and encouragement to cut down on the intake of salt in …
Socioeconomic differences in selected dietary habits among Norwegian 13–14 year-olds: a cross-sectional study
2014
Background: Social inequalities in health are a major and even growing problem in all European countries.Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe 1) differences in dietary habits among Norwegian adolescents by gender and socioeconomic status; 2) differences in self-reported knowledge of dietary guidelines among their parents according to socioeconomic status.Design: In 2012, a cross-sectional study where students filled in a web-based food frequency questionnaire at school was conducted in nine lower secondary schools in Vest-Agder County, Norway. Socioeconomic status (SES) and knowledge of dietary guidelines were obtained from the parents using a web-based questionnaire. In …
Predicting sugar consumption : Application of an integrated dual-process, dual-phase model
2017
Excess consumption of added dietary sugars is related to multiple metabolic problems and adverse health conditions. Identifying the modifiable social cognitive and motivational constructs that predict sugar consumption is important to inform behavioral interventions aimed at reducing sugar intake. We tested the efficacy of an integrated dual-process, dual-phase model derived from multiple theories to predict sugar consumption. Using a prospective design, university students (N = 90) completed initial measures of the reflective (autonomous and controlled motivation, intentions, attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control), impulsive (implicit attitudes), volitional (action and c…
Proximal versus distal contextual factors: which impact on meal pleasure and food intake in the elderly living in a nursing home?
2014
Poster présenté lors de la conférence; Introduction: Several authors pointed out the importance of meal context on food intake in nursing home. Some authors assessed the impact of context improvement on food intake in nursing home, but they assessed ‘holistic’ strategies by improving physical environment, increasing choice level, changing staff organization… (Abbott et al. 2013). Despite some of these interventions were effective, these strategies are costly and thus difficult to be implemented in nursing home. The aim of the present experiment was to assess the impact of single contextual factors, three proximal factors (food contextual factors) and three distal factors (non-food contextua…
Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018…
2018
Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean dia…