Search results for " International Relations"

‘Being’, ‘Becoming’ and ‘Challenging’ European: Subject Positions in the European Heritage Label

2021

This article scrutinises the subject positions of ‘being’, ‘becoming’ and ‘challenging’ European in the context of the European Heritage Label (EHL), a flagship cultural heritage action of the Euro...

The Impact of CEO Long-term Equity-based Compensation Incentives on Economic Growth in Collectivist versus Individualist Countries

2016

This study examines the impact of the prevalence of long-term equity-based chief executive officer (CEO) compensation incentives on GDP growth, and we address the moderating role of individualist versus collectivist cultures on this relationship. We argue that long-term incentives given to CEOs in some firms may convey to other CEOs that they too may be able to receive such incentives and rewards if they emulate the incentivized and rewarded CEOs. In a longitudinal study across 22 nations over a 5-year period, we find that the higher proportion of CEOs in a country are awarded long-term equity-based incentive compensation, the greater future real GDP growth, particularly in collectivist co…

Unemployment, taxation and public expenditure in OECD economies

2008

Abstract This paper considers the financing of productive public goods and social benefits through different types of taxes in a model with unemployment. We incorporate unemployment, caused by the wage-setting behaviour of a monopolistic union, in a neoclassical growth model which integrates a quite detailed structure of taxes used to finance productive public expenditures and social transfers and parameterizes the inefficiency of government to transform taxes into public goods or transfers. The main conclusion is that the relationship between unemployment and labour taxes critically depends on the degree of government efficiency and the unions' perception on how taxes determine the welfare…

Do foreign workers reduce trade barriers? Microeconomic evidence

2015

This paper provides evidence that foreign workers reduce firms' trade costs and thus increase the probability that firms export. This informs both the literature on trade costs and the microeconomic literature on firms' export behaviour. We identify the nationality of each worker in a large sample of German establishments, and relate this to the exporting behaviour of these establishments. We allow for the possible endogeneity of an establishment's workforce by instrumenting the share of foreign workers with the regional distribution of foreign workers in the wider labour market. We find a significant effect of worker nationality on exporting which is not driven by the industrial, occupatio…

Does Firm Size Affect Self-selection and Learning-by-Exporting?

2010

The trade literature has long discussed the existence of some benefits attributed to exporting, among others, the improvement of firm productivity. This paper examines whether firm size plays a role in this supposedly favourable relationship between exporting and total factor productivity (TFP). To examine this, we investigate, separately for large and small firms, whether firms starting to export perform better ex ante (self-selection) than non-exporting firms and, conditional on this fact, if they are also more productive ex post (learning-by-exporting). With this purpose, we use both stochastic dominance and matching techniques. The dataset is a representative sample of Spanish manufactu…

EU Refugee Policies and Politics in Times of Crisis: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives

2017

Phenomena such as civil war, protracted conflict, and deteriorating internal security, especially in the Middle East, Africa and Southern Asia, have triggered massive departures of civilian populations in recent years. The war in Syria alone has displaced over 5 million people (UNHCR, 2017a). While most of these forced migrants are either internally displaced or remain in Syria’s immediate neighbourhood, the numbers of those trying to come to Europe have steeply increased in 2015 and 2016. In each of these two years more than 1.2 million asylum-seekers submitted their asylum claims in the EU (Eurostat, 2017a), as compared to 625,000 in 2014 (Eurostat, 2015, p. 4). This represents the larges…

EU Procedural Law, edited by K.Lenaerts, I.Maselis and K.Gutman (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2014, ISBN 9780198707332); clix+890pp., £95.00 hb.

2015

Contribution of High Growth Enterprises in Solving Problems of Employment

2015

Promotion of rapidly growing enterprises (“gazelles”) is an essential condition for successful solution of employment problems. Priority should be granted to support of high growth enterprises in high technology manufacturing and knowledge-intensive business services. Dissemination process of such enterprises in each country is characterized by a certain industry-specific factors. Author’s analysis of statistical information allows to conclude that the high-tech manufacturing industries do not play a significant role in solving the problems of employment. They are capable for only partial compensation of the loss of jobs in labor-intensive sectors of the economy. Accumulation of the populat…

Using Europe: Territorial Party Strategies in a Multi-level System - By E. Hepburn

2011

Differentiation in the European Union in Post-Brexit and -Pandemic Times

2022

Paid open access