Search results for " Invasion"

Collective Cell Migration in a Fibrous Environment: A Hybrid Multiscale Modelling Approach

2021

International audience; The specific structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and in particular the density and orientation of collagen fibres, plays an important role in the evolution of solid cancers. While many experimental studies discussed the role of ECM in individual and collective cell migration, there are still unanswered questions about the impact of nonlocal cell sensing of other cells on the overall shape of tumour aggregation and its migration type. There are also unanswered questions about the migration and spread of tumour that arises at the boundary between different tissues with different collagen fibre orientations. To address these questions, in this study we develop …

A study on time discretization and adaptive mesh refinement methods for the simulation of cancer invasion: The urokinase model

2016

In the present work we investigate a model that describes the chemotactically and proteolytically driven tissue invasion by cancer cells. The model is a system of advection-reaction-diffusion equations that takes into account the role of the serine protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The analytical and numerical study of such a system constitutes a challenge due to the merging, emerging, and traveling concentrations that the solutions exhibit. Classical numerical methods applied to this system necessitate very fine discretization grids to resolve these dynamics in an accurate way. To reduce the computational cost without sacrificing the accuracy of the solution, we apply adaptive…

Gelatin‐Hyaluronan Click‐Crosslinked Cryogels Elucidate Human Macrophage Invasion Behavior

2021

Fremmede arter i Norge: resultater fra kvantitative økologiske risikovurderinger

2020

1. Due to globalisation, trade and transport, the spread of alien species is increasing dramatically. Some alien species become ecologically harmful by threatening native biota. This can lead to irreversible changes in local biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, and, ultimately, to biotic homogenisation. 2. We risk-assessed all alien plants, animals, fungi and algae, within certain delimitations, that are known to reproduce in Norway. Mainland Norway and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard plus Jan Mayen were treated as separate assessment areas. Assessments followed the Generic Ecological Impact Assessment of Alien Species (GEIAA) protocol, which uses a fully quantitative set of criteria.…

Omitting axillary lymph node dissection after positive sentinel lymph node in the post-Z0011 era: Compliance with NCCN and ASCO clinical guidelines a…

2021

Summary Purpose In the ACOSOG Z0011 trial, patients with primary breast cancer and 1–2 tumor-involved sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) undergoing breast-conserving surgery had no oncological outcome benefit after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), despite a relevant rate of non-SLN metastases of 27%. According to the St Gallen expert consensus, and NCCN and ASCO clinical guidelines, ALND may be avoided in patients who meet all ACOSOG Z0011 inclusion criteria. This recommendation can also be extended to patients undergoing mastectomy, with 1 or 2 positive SLNs and an indication for chest wall radiation, in whom axillary radiotherapy can be proposed as an alternative to completion ALND. The ai…

Lymph node metastasis in lower lip squamous cell carcinoma in relation to tumour size, histologic variables and p27Kip1 protein expression.

2003

We studied a consecutive series of 95 patients undergoing radical surgical resection of lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (LLSCC) to assess the correlation between lymph node status and several prognostic variables, such as sex and age, tumour size, histologic grading, maximal microscopic tumour thickness, perineural infiltration and p27Kip1 protein status, to see which of these might be predictive of the development of lymph node metastases. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between node status and tumour size, histological grading, maximal thickness, perineural invasion and p27Kip1 protein expression; additionally to node metastasis, low p27Kip1 protein expressio…

High density of tryptase-positive mast cells in human colorectal cancer: a poor prognostic factor related to protease-activated receptor 2 expression

2013

Tryptase(+) mast cells (MCs), abundant in the invasive front of tumours, contribute to tissue remodelling. Indeed, protease-activated receptor- 2 (PAR-2) activation by MC-tryptase is considered an oncogenic event in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, we have suggested NHERF1 as a potential new marker in CRC. In this study, we aimed to determine the distribution of tryptase(+) MCs and PAR-2 and to examine the relationship between PAR-2 and NHERF1, investigating their reputed usefulness as tumour markers. We studied a cohort of 115 CRC specimens including primary cancer (C) and adjacent normal mucosa (NM) by immunohistochemical double staining, analyzing the protein expression of MC-tryptase,…

Primary oral melanoma : a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 22 cases of Latin America

2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 22 cases of primary oral melanomas (OM). Study Design: Twenty two cases of primary oral melanoma were analyzed by description of their histopathological features and immunohistochemical study using the antibodies S-100, HMB-45, Melan-A and Ki-67. Results: The mean age was 58 years and 14 cases were female. The main affected sites were the hard palate, followed by the upper gingiva. Microscopically, 15 cases presented level III of invasion, 2 cases were amelanotic and 13 showed a mixed epithelioid and plasmacytoid or spindle cells composition. Some cases showed necrosis, perivascu…

The recent spread of the invasive woody alien plant Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) in Sicily

2013

This paper aims at reporting the ongoing process of naturalization of Melia azedarach L. in Sicily. In fact, over half a century after the first detection of spontaneous self-sown seedlings, an abrupt increase of naturalization cases has been recorded by the authors during the last twenty years. More in detail, M. azedarach successfully colonized many suburban lowland areas along the coasts of the island which are characterised by thermo-Mediterranean bioclimate. According to both field and literature data, a gradual spread of M. azedarach in the island can be expected, although it is not possible to predict the speed with which this will occur. Historical information on its introduction at…

NON-NATIVE FLORA OF ITALY: SPECIES DISTRIBUTION AND THREATS

2010

In this paper, we provide an overview of the distribution and invasive status of non-native species in the Italian flora across its administrative regions, biogeographic regions and main land use types, and a synthesis of current knowledge on the threats they pose within the country. The information on non-native plant species collected during the project oA survey of the non-native Italian florao was used to compile comprehensive regional and national databases. The number of non-native species within a given administrative region increases in proportion to its size, resident population density and latitude, reaching the highest values in the intensively cultivated, heavily industrialized …