Search results for " Isolation"
showing 10 items of 374 documents
Early Social Isolation Stress and Perinatal NMDA Receptor Antagonist Treatment Induce Changes in the Structure and Neurochemistry of Inhibitory Neuro…
2017
AbstractThe exposure to aversive experiences during early life influences brain development and leads to altered behavior. Moreover, the combination of these experiences with subtle alterations in neurodevelopment may contribute to the emergence of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. Recent hypotheses suggest that imbalances between excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) neurotransmission, especially in the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala, may underlie their etiopathology. In order to understand better the neurobiological bases of these alterations, we studied the impact of altered neurodevelopment and chronic early-life stress on these two brain regions. Transgenic mice displaying fl…
Parvalbumin Interneurons and Perineuronal Nets in the Hippocampus and Retrosplenial Cortex of Adult Male Mice After Early Social Isolation Stress and…
2021
Both early life aversive experiences and intrinsic alterations in early postnatal neurodevelopment are considered predisposing factors for psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. The prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus have protracted postnatal development and are affected in schizophrenic patients. Interestingly, similar alterations have been observed in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC). Studies in patients and animal models of schizophrenia have found alterations in cortical parvalbumin (PV) expressing interneurons, making them good candidates to study the etiopathology of this disorder. Some of the alterations observed in PV+ interneurons may be mediated by perineuronal nets (PNNs)…
A case report of pulmonary vein isolation performed in a patient with polysplenia and interrupted inferior vena cava
2021
Abstract Background Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has entrenched itself as one of the main approaches for the treatment of paroxysmal symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulmonary vein isolation prevents focal triggers from pulmonary veins from initiating AF paroxysms. As standard—PVI is performed through the inferior vena cava (IVC) approach, through the femoral vein. However, there are conditions when this approach is not appropriate or is not available. Case summary We report a case of a 53-year-old male who was referred to Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital for PVI due to worsening AF. Due to the rare anatomical variant of the venous system, the standard approach to PVI coul…
Recent patents and advances on isolation and cellular therapy applications of mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly
2011
In recent years, important advances were made to clarify the biology and potential use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the therapy of a number of disorders. MSC are present in a number of tissues, ranging from adult bone marrow, to several adult organs, adipose tissue and, in the last years, the fetal-associated (also named as extraembryonic) tissues (e.g. placenta, amniotic membrane, umbilical cord). In particular, research on cells derived from mature umbilical cord, a tissue which is still discarded at birth, showed that mesenchymal stem cells can be successfully isolated from the Wharton’s jelly (WJ), the main constituent of this organ. This review will take in to account the patents…
Housing conditions modulate the reinforcing properties of cocaine in adolescent mice that binge on fat
2017
Abstract Binge eating is a specific form of overeating characterized by intermittent, excessive eating. To date, several studies have addressed the effects that bingeing on fat has on the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse, but they have found contradictory and highly variable results. Housing conditions could modulate these results, as most studies employ isolated animals to measure the exact amount of food that is ingested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of housing conditions on the response of mice to cocaine, modulated by bingeing on a high-fat diet during adolescence. After 40 days of binge-eating for 2 h, three days a week (PND 29–69), the reinforcing effects of a …
Fault detection for discrete-time Markov jump linear systems with partially known transition probabilities
2010
In this article, the fault detection (FD) problem for a class of discrete-time Markov jump linear system (MJLS) with partially known transition probabilities is investigated. The proposed systems are more general, which relax the traditional assumption in Markov jump systems that all the transition probabilities must be completely known. A residual generator is constructed and the corresponding FD is formulated as an H ∞ filtering problem by which the error between residual and fault are minimised in the H ∞ sense. The linear matrix inequality-based sufficient conditions for the existence of FD filter are derived. A numerical example on a multiplier–accelerator model economic system is give…
Auf den Spuren öffentlicher Meinung im mittelhochdeutschen Minnesang
2011
The scope of this study is to analyse if and how traces of public opinion, in the sociopsychological sense of social control, may be found in the German medieval love lyrics. With the aid of a hermeneutic text analysis some selected Middle High German minnesongs are exemplarily examined. The analysis shows that awareness of public opinion as social control did exist in the Middle Ages. On the one hand, there are minnesongs that raise the topics ere (honour) and spot (mockery). In these songs public mockery represents a threat of isolation against individuals who do not conform to public opinion. Because mockery may lead to loss of honour and to social isolation, mockery pressures individual…
Identification and characterization of a novel Ets-2-related nuclear complex implicated in the activation of the human interleukin-12 p40 gene promot…
1997
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells in response to many microbial infections. IL-12 plays an important role in the generation of T helper type-1 cells, which favor cell-mediated immune response. IL-12 is composed of two different subunits, p40 and p35, whose expression can be regulated concomitantly or differentially. Monocytic cells, the major producers of IL-12, can be primed by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to produce optimal amounts of IL-12 in response to LPS stimulation as a consequence of bacterial infection. The priming effect is exerted primarily at the transcriptional level on the p40 promoter in conjunction with the effects of …
Social strategies and loneliness: A prospective study
1997
Abstract The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine whether the feeling of loneliness is rather an antecedent or a consequence of the strategies young adults apply in social situations. To investigate this, university students were asked to fill in the Strategy and Attribution Questionnaire at the beginning of their first and third years at university, and the revised UCLA Loneliness scale at the beginning of their second and fourth years. The results showed that the more the young adults reported the use of a pessimistic-avoidance strategy, the less lonely they were later on. In turn, the more lonely the students were, the less they used an approach-oriented strategy later on. Final…
Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study
2021
We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26…