Search results for " Ly"
showing 10 items of 2487 documents
Towards More Specificity and Effectivity in the Antileukemia Immune Response
2014
Experimental and clinical studies have shown that alloreactive T-cell responses derived from donor lymphocytes can effectively eliminate leukemia cells after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, there are still too many patients in whom this graft-versus-leukemia reactivity is insufficient to prevent leukemia relapse or who suffer from severe alloreactivity to nonmalignant host tissues also mediated by donor-derived T cells. Therefore, various conceptually different approaches have been developed at the level of donor T cells in order to improve the efficacy of leukemia-directed immunity while reducing the incidence of unwanted graft-versus-host disease. As outlined …
Intelligent Adaptive Motion Control for Ground Wheeled Vehicles
2014
In this paper a new intelligent adaptive control is applied to solve a problem of motion control of ground vehicles with two independent wheels actuated by a differential drive. The major objective of this work is to obtain a motion control system by using a new fuzzy inference mechanism where the Lyapunov’s stability can be assured. In particular the parameters of the kinematical control law are obtained using an intelligent Fuzzy mechanism, where the properties of the Fuzzy maps have been established to have the stability above. Due to the nonlinear map of the intelligent fuzzy inference mechanism (i.e. fuzzy rules and value of the rule), the parameters above are not constant, but, time a…
CD73-generated extracellular adenosine in chronic lymphocytic leukemia creates local conditions counteracting drug-induced cell death
2011
Abstract Extracellular adenosine (ADO), generated from ATP or ADP through the concerted action of the ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73, elicits autocrine and paracrine effects mediated by type 1 purinergic receptors. We have tested whether the expression of CD39 and CD73 by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells activates an adenosinergic axis affecting growth and survival. By immunohistochemistry, CD39 is widely expressed in CLL lymph nodes, whereas CD73 is restricted to proliferation centers. CD73 expression is highest on Ki-67+ CLL cells, adjacent to T lymphocytes, and is further localized to perivascular areas. CD39+/CD73+ CLL cells generate ADO from ADP in a time- and concentration-dependen…
The transcription factor NFATc2 controls IL-6–dependent T cell activation in experimental colitis
2008
The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors controls calcium signaling in T lymphocytes. In this study, we have identified a crucial regulatory role of the transcription factor NFATc2 in T cell–dependent experimental colitis. Similar to ulcerative colitis in humans, the expression of NFATc2 was up-regulated in oxazolone-induced chronic intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, NFATc2 deficiency suppressed colitis induced by oxazolone administration. This finding was associated with enhanced T cell apoptosis in the lamina propria and strikingly reduced production of IL-6, -13, and -17 by mucosal T lymphocytes. Further studies using knockout mice showed that IL-…
Induction of the anti-ergotypic response.
1993
The injection of syngeneic activated T cells into rodents can induce a T cell response against activation markers of the T cells, ergotopes. The responding anti-ergotypic T cells have been shown to suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). This paper reports the characteristics of the anti-ergotypic response. It was found that irradiated activated T cells were as good as untreated living activated T cells in inducing anti-ergotypic cells in vivo. Glutardialdehyde-fixed (0.3%) cells were poor stimulators in vivo and non-stimulatory in vitro. Dilution of glutardialdehyde to 0.003% before fixation preserved the stimulatory capacity in vitro. Fixation or irradiation of T cells a…
Genetic proof for the transient nature of the Th17 phenotype
2010
IL-17-producing CD4(+) T cells (Th17) have been classified as a new T helper cell subset. Using an IL-17 fate mapping mouse strain, which genetically fixes the memory of IL-17 expression, we demonstrate that IL-17A/F-expressing T helper cells generated either in vitro or in vivo are not a stable T-cell subset. Upon adoptive transfer of IL-17F-reporter-positive Th17 cells to RAG-deficient or WT animals, encephalitogenic Th17 cells partially lose IL-17 expression and upregulate IFN-γ. Additionally, we show that Th1 cells can convert in vivo to IL-17A/IFN-γ-coexpressing cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). Our data classify IL-17A and IL-17F as cytokines produced transiently in response …
Stat3 and Gfi-1 Transcription Factors Control Th17 Cell Immunosuppressive Activity via the Regulation of Ectonucleotidase Expression
2012
International audience; Although Th17 cells are known to promote tissue inflammation and autoimmunity, their role during cancer progression remains elusive. Here, we showed that in vitro Th17 cells generated with the cytokines IL-6 and TGF-β expressed CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases, leading to adenosine release and the subsequent suppression of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell effector functions. The IL-6-mediated activation of the transcription factor Stat3 and the TGF-β-driven downregulation of Gfi-1 transcription factor were both essential for the expression of ectonucleotidases during Th17 cell differentiation. Stat3 supported whereas Gfi-1 repressed CD39 and CD73 expression by binding to thei…
B Lymphocyte-Deficiency in Mice Causes Vascular Dysfunction by Inducing Neutrophilia
2021
B lymphocytes have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and certain types of hypertension. In contrast to these studies, which were performed under pathological conditions, the present study provides evidence for the protective effect of B lymphocytes in maintaining vascular homeostasis under physiological conditions. In young mice not exposed to any known risk factors, the lack of B cells led to massive endothelial dysfunction. The vascular dysfunction in B cell-deficient mice was associated with an increased number of neutrophils in the circulating blood. Neutrophil depletion in B cell-deficient mice resulted in the complete normalization of vascular f…
Augmented Passive Transfer of Contact Sensitivity in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mice and Its Dependence of Vβ8<sup>+</sup> Cells in…
1993
The passive transfer of contact sensitivity using picryl chloride immune cells from H-2 syngenic BALB/c donors was analyzed in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice which lack functional T and B lymphocytes. H-2-restricted and antigen-specific contact sensitivity was transferred to SCID mice, and comparison between the level of contact sensitivity and the number of transferred cells showed a significantly more efficient transfer to SCID than to BALB/c mice. The cells passively transferring contact sensitivity were shown to carry the Vβ8 phenotype. Moreover, chromium-labeled cells from BALB/c PC1-primed donors localize normally in peripheral lymphoid organs, and an increased percentag…
Redirected EBV-Specific Stem Cell-Memory and Central-Memory CD8+ T Lymphocytes Exhibit Effective and Sustained Antileukemic Immunity to Acute Myeloid…
2014
Abstract Introduction: Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) of donor-derived cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed to leukemia or herpesvirus has proven promising to improve antiviral and antileukemic immunity in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). However, durable clinical responses are often hampered by detrimental graft-versus host (GvH) reactivity and limited persistence of transferred, fully differentiated antileukemic effector T cells (TEFF). We thus explored memory and tumoricidal features of in vitro generated EBV-specific stem cell-memory T cells (TSCM) and central-memory T (TCM) cells, T cell-receptor (TCR) redirected to primary acute myeloid…