Search results for " MIC"
showing 10 items of 11429 documents
Effets du mode de travail du sol sur les microorganismes à l'échelle du profil cultural
2009
Soil tillage modifies the location of crop residues and soil structure and affects microbial populations and activities such as mineralization of soil organic matter. The aim of this work was to compare the effect of two tillage systems (traditional mouldboard ploughing, LT, and reduced tillage, TR) on crop residues distribution and soil structure as well as their consequences on soil microbial biomass (BM), the potential activity of C mineralization (Cmin) and soil bacterial community structure (through T-RFLP). In order to study simultaneously the effects of soil structure modifications and crop residues distribution on these microbial parameters we used a stratified sampling scheme based…
The paradox of endogenous poverty line in the poverty indices
2007
february 23-25, 2007; When measuring poverty, the poverty line is considered to be relatively determined as a percentage of the median income or as a percentage of the average income so as to allow international comparisons. The poverty line relative to the median income may be described as endogenous in contrast with the poverty line relative to the average income which may be described as exogenous because it is independent of the normalized distribution of incomes. As the existing literature is focused on the properties of the indices but not on the respective interest of the endogenous and exogenous poverty lines, this paper compares the two definitions of the relative poverty. The Rela…
Étude et modélisation des impacts des pratiques agricoles sur la dynamique de la distribution des communautés microbiennes des sols à l’échelle du pa…
2021
National audience; Les micro-organismes telluriques, de par leur abondance et leur richesse, jouent un rôle centraldans le fonctionnement des écosystèmes et sont des bioindicateurs intéressants pour évaluerl’impact des pratiques agricoles sur la qualité des sols. L’enjeu est de favoriser leur utilisationpour accompagner l’innovation dans le monde agricole. Cette thèse a pour objectif de permettreune meilleure compréhension des dynamiques spatiales et temporelles des communautésmicrobiennes du sol à l’échelle du paysage. Pour cela, nous proposons de modéliser cesdynamiques et de partager les connaissances aux acteurs du monde agricole via un OAD (outild’aide à la décision). Le paysage de Fén…
Is Democracy Exportable?
2017
Among many aspects to the question of whether democracy is exportable, this contribution focuses on the role of the people, understood not as a unitary actor but as a heterogeneous set: the citizens. The people matter, in a different way, both in the countries to which democracy might be exported and in the democratic countries in which the question is about promoting democracy elsewhere. The mechanisms or characteristics involved in the discussion include yardstick competition, differences among citizens in the intensity of their preferences, differences among autocracies regarding intrusion into private life, citizens’ assessments of future regime change, and responsiveness of elected inc…
Effect of Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Surface Chemistry and Morphology on Titanium Hexafluoride Pretreatment
2017
Titanium hexafluoride pretreatments are known to improve paint adhesion and function as a barrier between the coating and the hot dip galvanized (HDG) steel surface. Interactions at the zinc/pretreatment interface are of utmost importance for the formation of pretreatment layers and the corrosion resistance of color coated hot dip galvanized steels. Removal rate of inert aluminum oxide from HDG steel samples by chemical dissolution was studied. XPS measurements showed that the surface Al2O3 layer thickness decreased rapidly already at mild alkaline cleaning, while complete removal of Al required severe etching. Low reactivity of an Al2O3-rich surface was confirmed by impaired formation of a…
Hard to catch: Experimental evidence supports evasive mimicry
2021
Most research on aposematism has focused on chemically defended prey, but the signalling difficulty of capture remains poorly explored. Similar to classical Batesian and Müllerian mimicry related to distastefulness, such ‘evasive aposematism' may also lead to convergence in warning colours, known as evasive mimicry. A prime candidate group for evasive mimicry areAdelphabutterflies, which are agile insects and show remarkable colour pattern convergence. We tested the ability of naive blue tits to learn to avoid and generalizeAdelphawing patterns associated with the difficulty of capture and compared their response to that of birds that learned to associate the same wing patterns with distast…
Consumers' privacy, selling of information, and security in digital markets
2019
La era digital se caracteriza por la gran producción de datos (algunos de ellos de naturaleza privada) a gran escala. La vulnerabilidad y la exposición está ocurriendo a un ritmo sin precedentes, produciendo grandes incentivos económicos para los propietarios de estos datos. Sin embargo, los proveedores de dichos datos, que a menudo son consumidores de contenido gratuito en plataformas digitales, están comenzando a desarrollar problemas de privacidad y, por lo tanto, conducen a la consiguiente reducción de la confianza en los mercados digitales. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es analizar la privacidad desde una perspectiva informativa y fuente de ineficiencias en el mercado. Además, la…
Soil microbial networks: what is the relationship with plants?
2020
International audience; Since a long time, the interactions between soil microbes and plant roots are intensively investigated to decipher the role of microorganisms in the growth and the maintenance of plants in a multitude of environmental conditions as climatic stress, agricultural practices or pathogenic/parasitic invasions. Beyond their intimate relationships, the soil microbial communities influence and are influenced by the aboveground vegetation. The interaction/co-occurrence networks are a relatively new look on the soil microbial communities. This look integrates the most comprehensively the community complexity, provides a more complete information on the community and seems to b…
A Statistical Approach for A-Posteriori Deployment of Microclimate Sensors in Museums: A Case Study
2022
[EN] The deployment of sensors is the first issue encountered when microclimate monitoring is planned in spaces devoted to the conservation of artworks. Sometimes, the first decision regarding the position of sensors may not be suitable for characterising the microclimate close to climate sensitive artworks or should be revised in light of new circumstances. This paper fits into this context by proposing a rational approach for a posteriori deployment of microclimate sensors in museums where long-term temperature and relative humidity observations were available (here, the Rosenborg Castle, Copenhagen, Denmark). Different statistical tools such as box-and-whisker plots, principal component …
Microbiome and Probiotics in Acne Vulgaris—A Narrative Review
2022
Acne vulgaris is a chronic disease characterised by the appearance of eruptions such as whiteheads, blackheads, pustules, papules, and cysts. Among factors that cause acne vulgaris are the abnormal keratinisation of the sebaceous canal, bacterial colonisation (Cutibacterium acnes), increased sebum production, genotypic factors, and hormonal disorders. Treatment is often long and tedious, and can lead to a reduction in quality of life and social isolation. The intestinal microbiota is greatly important in the formation of acne lesions. It is also responsible for the proper immunity of the organism. Acne is a disease that can be related to the condition of the digestive tract and its microbio…