Search results for " Mapping"
showing 10 items of 1411 documents
Functional incorporation of green fluorescent protein into hepatitis B virus envelope particles
2004
AbstractThe envelope of hepatitis B virus (HBV), containing the L, M, and S proteins, is essential for virus entry and maturation. For direct visualization of HBV, we determined whether envelope assembly could accommodate the green fluorescent protein (GFP). While the C-terminal addition of GFP to S trans-dominant negatively inhibited empty envelope particle secretion, the N-terminal GFP fusion to S (GFP.S) was co-integrated into the envelope, giving rise to fluorescent particles. Microscopy and topogenesis analyses demonstrated that the proper intracellular distribution and folding of GFP.S, required for particle export were rescued by interprotein interactions with wild-type S. Thereby, a…
Correction: Phylogeny of the Eurasian Wren Nannus troglodytes (Aves: Passeriformes: Troglodytidae) reveals deep and complex diversification patterns …
2020
The Mediterranean Basin represents a Global Biodiversity Hotspot where many organisms show high inter- and intraspecific differentiation. Extant phylogeographic patterns of terrestrial circum-Mediterranean faunas were mainly shaped through Pleistocene range shifts and range fragmentations due to retreat into different glacial refugia. Thus, several extant Mediterranean bird species have diversified by surviving glaciations in different hospitable refugia and subsequently expanded their distribution ranges during the Holocene. Such a scenario was also suggested for the Eurasian Wren (Nannus troglodytes) despite the lack of genetic data for most Mediterranean subspecies. Our phylogenetic mult…
Testing for goodness rather than lack of fit of an X–chromosomal SNP to the Hardy-Weinberg model
2019
The problem of checking the genotype distribution obtained for some diallelic marker for compatibility with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) condition arises also for loci on the X chromosome. The possible genotypes depend on the sex of the individual in this case: for females, the genotype distribution is trinomial, as in the case of an autosomal locus, whereas a binomial proportion is observed for males. Like in genetic association studies with autosomal SNPs, interest is typically in establishing approximate compatibility of the observed genotype frequencies with HWE. This requires to replace traditional methods tailored for detecting lack of fit to the model with an equivalence test…
Gypsy homologous sequences in Drosophila subobscura (gypsyDS).
1993
Characterization of sequences homologous to the Drosophila melanogaster gypsy transposable element was carried out in Drosophila subobscura (gypsyDS). They were found to be widely distributed among natural populations of this species. From Southern blot and in situ analyses, these sequences appear to be mobile in this species. GypsyDS sequences are located in both euchromatic and heterochromatic regions. A complete gypsyDS sequence was isolated from a D. subobscura genomic library, and a 1.3-kb fragment which aligns with the ORF2 of the D. melanogaster gypsy element was sequenced. Comparisons of this sequence in three species (D. subobscura, D. melanogaster, and D. virilis) indicate that th…
Mutations in LMX1B cause abnormal skeletal patterning and renal dysplasia in nail patella syndrome
1998
The LIM-homeodomain protein Lmxlb plays a central role in dorso-ventral patterning of the vertebrate limb1. Targeted disruption of Lmxlb results in skeletal defects including hypoplas-tic nails, absent patellae and a unique form of renal dysplasia (see accompanying manuscript by H. Chen et al.; ref. 2). These features are reminiscent of the dominantly inherited skeletal malformation nail patella syndrome (NFS). We show that LMX1B maps to the NFS locus and that three independent NFS patients carry de novo heterozygous mutations in this gene. Functional studies show that one of these mutations disrupts sequence-specific DNA binding, while the other two mutations result in premature terminatio…
Evolution of tissue-specific keratins as deduced from novel cDNA sequences of the lungfish Protopterus aethiopicus.
2005
Lungfishes are possibly the closest extant relatives of the land vertebrates (tetrapods). We report here the cDNA and predicted amino acid sequences of 13 different keratins (ten type I and three type II) of the lungfish Protopterus aethiopicus. These keratins include the orthologs of human K8 and K18. The lungfish keratins were also identified in tissue extracts using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, keratin blot binding assays and immunoblotting. The identified keratin spots were analyzed by peptide mass fingerprinting which assigned seven sequences (inclusively Protopterus K8 and K18) to their respective protein spot. The peptide mass fingerprints also revealed the fac…
Projection of speckle patterns for 3D sensing
2008
In this communication we present the use of projected speckle patterns coming from a phase random mask for sensing depths and thicknesses. The sensing is based on the change of the speckle pattern with propagation and the lack of correlation between speckle patterns recorded at different depths or lateral locations. The principle is used for mapping thickness of transparent media, for depth ranging and for 3D mapping of diffuse objects.
Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B genotypes in immunocompetent, immunocompromised, and congenitally infected Italian populations
2003
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strains, obtained from immunocompetent and immunocompromised Italian hosts, were typed with glycoprotein B (gB) gene restriction analysis. A predominant circulation of HCMV strains with gB type 2 and 3 was detected in both the immunocompetent host with a primary HCMV infection and the immunocompromised host with or without HCMV disease. No association between gB types and subjects with different risks of developing HCMV disease was found. All four gB genotypes were capable of causing congenital infection in Italian babies, with gB type 1 accounting for 50% of the strains examined in symptomatic infants and a remarkable incidence of gB type 4 viruses.
Generalized countable iterated function systems
2011
One of the most common and most general way to generate fractals is by using iterated function systems which consists of a finite or infinitely many maps. Generalized countable iterated function systems (GCIFS) are a generalization of countable iterated function systems by considering contractions from X ? X into X instead of contractions on the metric space X to itself, where (X, d) is a compact metric space. If all contractions of a GCIFS are Lipschitz with respect to a parameter and the supremum of the Lipschitz constants is finite, then the associated attractor depends continuously on the respective parameter.
Strategies investigation in using artificial neural network for landslide susceptibility mapping: application to a Sicilian catchment
2013
Susceptibility assessment of areas prone to landsliding remains one of the most useful approaches in landslide hazard analysis. The key point of such analysis is the correlation between the physical phenomenon and its triggering factors based on past observations. Many methods have been developed in the scientific literature to capture and model this correlation, usually within a geographic information system (GIS) framework. Among these, the use of neural networks, in particular the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) networks, has provided successful results. A successful application of the MLP method to a basin area requires the definition of different model strategies, such as the sample selec…