Search results for " Markets"
showing 10 items of 321 documents
Electricity demand response schemes in China: Pilot study and future outlook
2021
Abstract Electricity demand response (DR) improves the overall energy management efficiency and allows for the integration of large-scale renewable energy into the power grid through interactive management and control of the supply and demand sides. However, in China and other emerging countries (e.g., Japan and Australia) with DR programs, the DR market mechanism is not well-established. This is particularly the situation in countries where the state power system is not freely open to participate in the DR market. Previous research has proven that considerable DR resources are largely existing in the demand side; however, the dearth of a market mechanism hinders the development of DR. Henc…
Research on Evolution and the Global History of Pulp and Paper Industry: An Introduction
2012
The underlying assumption in the economic history of industries is the deterministic nature of the industry life cycle. That is, industries are assumed to follow a specific life cycle characterized by stages of nascence, growth, maturity and decline apparent in firm numbers, production volume and technological activity. This introduction gives an overview to the theme of this volume: the analysis of the birth, growth, maturity, and finally the decline of the mechanized pulp and paper industry from its inception in the early nineteenth century Europe to its current situation and future prospects in developing markets in Southern America and other regions.
An efficient analytical approach for obtaining a five parameters model of photovoltaic modules using only reference data
2013
Exploiting the equivalent one-diode circuit of a photovoltaic (PV) module, this paper proposes a novel and fully analytical model to predict the electrical performance upon solar irradiance intensity and PV module temperature. The model refers essentially to an equivalent circuit governed by five parameters and the extraction of them permits to describe the current–voltage curve of the PV panel and consequently permits to assess the energy output of PV modules. The proposed model extracts the five characteristic parameters using only exact analytical relationship and tabular data always available such as short-circuit current, open circuit voltage and the Maximum Power Point (MPP). The diff…
Barriers to Integrated Marketing Communications: The Case of Latvia (small markets)
2012
Abstract No promotional tool should be used in isolation or without regard to the others; hence there is a trend toward integrated marketing communications. Many conclusions of researchers and most of the studies justify the effectiveness of the IMC and point to multiple advantages in comparison to the classical MC. In comparison to the classical MC, the IMC also in small markets declare exigency and ensure higher effectiveness. But the development and application of the IMC also has several problems or barriers. The purpose of this study is to investigate barriers to Integrated Marketing Communications in Latvian market (small markets). According to accomplished interrogation, the most imp…
Adaptative Network Topology for Data Centers
2016
Data centers have an important role in supporting cloud computing services (such as email, social networking, web search, etc.) enterprise computing needs, and infrastructure-based services. Data center networking is a research topic that aims at improving the overall performances of the data centers. It is a topic of high interest and importance for both academia and industry. Several architectures such as FatTree, FiConn, DCel, BCube, and SprintNet have been proposed. However, these topologies try to improve the scalability without any concerns about energy that data centers use and the network infrastructure cost, which are critical parameters that impact the performances of data centers…
Some Insights on the Changing Architecture of the World’s Top 100 Multinationals
2016
Abstract Premise: globalization represents both the fertile background and the accountable foreground that accompanies the evolution of TNCs/MNEs, within a self-enforcing spiral of co-evolution which gratifies the winners and discards the losers. Argument: UNCTAD’s Top 100 non-financial TNCs/MNEs gathers together, since 1993, some of the most prominent winners of the above mentioned processes, making this instrument one of the best indicators and benchmarks in terms of both globalization and transnationalization – when analyzed at a given moment in time (for a particular year), and even more relevant when analyzed dynamically and by comparison. Context: two major global shifts have occurred…
EMNCS– Lessons On The Way To An Innovation-based Development. Setting The Backgrounds
2015
Abstract The main focus of (the two parts of) this article is on the emerging countries and their development paths. Particularly, it emphasizes on the role and contribution of innovation (of all kinds, in all its forms) for multinational companies from emerging economies (EMNC); the entire research endeavor is placed under the auspices of the knowledge-based society - the one that makes knowledge the ultimate source of power, enabling entities to use and potentially multiply it at the same time at global scale. Analyzing the situation of some emerging economies (starting from their best ranked multinationals), the article draws some empirical and theoretical conclusions on the ways knowled…
Histoire et évolution des appellations d'origine françaises
2019
During the 20th century, wine appellations of origin have largely developed to represent a significant part of the wine production of some countries, especially in Europe. The globalization of the production, trade and consumption of wine is a major fact of the 21st century economy. The question of appellations of origin and more generally geographical indications must be asked: Is it a survival 100 years after the first law on appellations of origin was adopted in France? Historical knowledge makes it possible to understand how law, both national and international, has been marked by major developments in this area. Regulations on the origin of products have undergone significant changes o…
Taxation in Emerging Market and Middle-Income Economies: Similarities and Differences Between Countries from Europe and Central Asia
2018
The studies and the research from specialty literature demonstrate that a free-open policy and an efficient governance of the economy are the basic pillars for economic and social growth, taxation having an essential role in the life of any nation. A fiscal system based on horizontal and vertical equity, stability, predictability, and efficiency contributes significantly to the sustainability of public finances. Based on these considerations, through this article, we will highlight the main similarities and differences in the field of taxation at the level of countries that are included in the emerging market and middle-income economies category from Europe and Central Asia, to identify bes…
The Risk-Relevance of Accounting Data: Evidence from the Spanish Stock Market
2006
This paper analyses the relevance of accounting fundamentals to inform about equity risk as measured by the cost of equity capital. Assuming the latter is a summary measure of how investors make decisions regarding the allocation of resources, the strength of the association between the cost of capital and the accounting-based measures of risk indicates how important these measures are for market participants when making economic decisions. To infer the cost of equity capital, we use the O'Hanlon and Steele's method, which is based on the residual income valuation model. Moreover, we use the insights from this model to provide a theoretical underpinning for the choice of the accounting vari…