Search results for " Mental health"
showing 10 items of 3677 documents
Declining Sexual Activity and Desire in Men—Findings From Representative German Surveys, 2005 and 2016
2017
Abstract Background Surveys have indicated an increase of sexual activity in aging men; recently, however, a decrease of sexual activity has been reported in young men. Aim To assess (i) sexual activity and desire and their determinants across the age range in a population-based male sample and (ii) their changes over 11 years. Methods A representative survey of men (N = 1,095) 18 to 93 years old from 2016 was compared with a survey from 2005 (N = 1,106 men) with the same age range. Samples were drawn from the German population at random using standardized sampling procedures. Questions were filled out by participants in the presence of a trained interviewer. Sexual activity was compared us…
Addition of Low-Dose Fluvoxamine to Low-Dose Clozapine Monotherapy in Schizophrenia: Drug Monitoring and Tolerability Data from a Prospective Clinica…
1999
Combining fluvoxamine and clozapine may be a strategy to improve therapeutic effects on negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Fluvoxamine, however, markedly inhibits the metabolism of clozapine, and hazardous side effects may result. This study prospectively investigated the safety and tolerability of an add-on therapy with fluvoxamine to a clozapine monotherapy in schizophrenic patients. Sixteen schizophrenic patients received 50 mg fluvoxamine as a comedication after having reached steady-state conditions under clozapine monotherapy. Patients were monitored for subjective adverse events, laboratory parameters, EEG and ECG recordings, orthostatic hypotension and their psychopatholog…
Impaired Right Temporoparietal Junction–Hippocampus Connectivity in Schizophrenia and Its Relevance for Generating Representations of Other Minds
2018
Schizophrenia is associated with impaired and exaggerated Theory of Mind processes, pointing on alterations in generating a representation of another person's mind. Despite recent work on healthy subjects suggesting that a coupling between the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) and the hippocampus is relevant for building representations of others' intentions, the neural basis of related dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear. Therefore, we used structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging together with a modified prisoner's dilemma game to test the hypotheses, that patients show dysfunctional social updating on behavioral level accompanied by altered rTPJ-hi…
Correlation of cerebral blood flow and treatment effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients.
2002
The aims of this study were to: (1) assess the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on brain activity in depressed patients as measured by single photon emission tomography (SPECT); (2) evaluate the predictive value of brain SPECT on the antidepressant efficacy of rTMS. Patients (n=17) received 1600 rTMS stimuli at a rate of 10 Hz, 5 days per week for 2 weeks to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Whole brain SPECT data were acquired using Tc99m-Bicisate. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was correlated with the % change in the 28-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale Score (Δ-HDRS) and a semiquantitative region of interest (ROI) analysis was conducted. Prio…
Suicide attempts in chronically depressed individuals: What are the risk factors?
2020
Abstract Chronically depressed individuals have a high suicide risk. However, it is an open question whether previously observed risk factors for suicide attempts also apply to chronic depression or whether there are specific risk factors related to chronic-recurrent illness. We drew from a large group of chronically depressed individuals seeking psychotherapy to investigate demographic and psychological factors related to previous suicide attempts. Participants took part in the SCID and filled out established questionnaires. Among 368 chronically depressed individuals (68.7% women; Mage = 40.95 years), 75 participants (19.4%) reported previous suicide attempts. Men were more likely to have…
Gender-specific associations of loneliness and suicidal ideation in a representative population sample: Young, lonely men are particularly at risk
2021
Loneliness has been related to negative physical and mental health outcomes including suicidal ideation (SI). However, it is not clear whether loneliness is equally important for SI in women and men and in individuals of all age groups.Participants were a representative population sample (N=2,450) comprising the entire adult age range (18-95 years). Participants filled out established questionnaires (UCLA Three-Item Loneliness Scale, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Patient Health Questionnaire-4). We tested a multiple linear regression model of SI (controlling for income, living alone, and mental distress) with interaction terms (loneliness x gender, loneliness x age, gender x age, lonelin…
Psychometric evaluation of the Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire when used in adults: Prevalence estimates for symptoms of avoidant/restrictive…
2020
Objective Restrictive eating behaviors occur across ages, but little is known about symptoms of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), especially in adults. This study sought to examine the prevalence of symptoms of ARFID in the adult population, providing a psychometric evaluation of the Eating Disorders in Youth-Questionnaire (EDY-Q) and population norms. Method In a representative survey of the German population, N = 2,424 adults (1,297 women, 1,127 men; age 49.5 ± 17.5 years) were assessed with the EDY-Q and measures of eating disorder and general psychopathology for divergent validation. Results The point prevalence of self-reported symptoms of ARFID amounted to 0.8% (20/2,…
Validation of the German version of the Bodily Distress Syndrome 25 checklist in a representative German population sample
2020
Abstract Objective The Bodily Distress Syndrome 25 (BDS 25) checklist is a self-report instrument that can be used for case finding of a BDS in both clinical practice and research. We assessed the reliability and the internal and external validity of the German version of the BDS 25 in a sample of the general German population. Methods The psychometric properties of the BDS 25 German were examined in a representative cross-sectional German population survey which included 2386 persons aged ≥14 years. Validation instruments included the Somatic Symptom Scale 8, the Giessen Subjective Complaints List 8 and the Patient Health Questionnaire 4. Participants were asked if they had been diagnosed …
Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire (BCSQ-36): reliability and validity study in Latvia
2020
The study aimed to test the validity of the burnout subtypes hierarchic model operationalized by the 'Burnout Clinical Subtypes Questionnaire' (BCSQ-36) and its applicability in other cultures. To that aim psychometric properties, factorial and convergent validity regarding the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS), and correlation with demographic factors were reviewed. A voluntary internet-based approach was used on a multi-occupational sample of adult Latvians (n = 394). The results of the internal consistency of the Latvian version of the BCSQ-36 exceeded .89 for all three subtypes. The CFA was used to test a hierarchical factorial model, and the analysis revealed an accep…
Design and validation of a brief scale for cognitive evaluation in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (BCog‐S)
2019
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Schizophrenia is often related to cognitive deficits. Mental health nurses are involved in health promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation in schizophrenia. However, the nursing literature addressing cognitive rehabilitation from schizophrenia is very limited. Cognition and its domains (communication, information processing, attentiveness, concentration, orientation, memory and calculation skills) are established by the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), but they are difficult to measure. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: We present a new standardized cognitive assessment to be administered by nurses to people diagnosed with schizophre…