Search results for " Metabolic diseases"
showing 10 items of 699 documents
Long term hemodialysis aggravates lipolytic activity reduction and very low density, low density lipoproteins composition in chronic renal failure pa…
2009
Abstract Background Dyslipidemia, particularly hypertriglyceridemia is common in uremia, and represents an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Methods To investigate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) duration on very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) compositions and lipopolytic activities, 20 patients on 5 to 7 years hemodialysis were followed-up during 9 years. Blood samples were drawn at T0 (beginning of the study), T1 (3 years after initiating study), T2 (6 years after initiating study) and T3 (9 years after initiating study). T0 was taken as reference. Results Triacylglycerols (TG) values were correlated with HD duration (r = 0.70, P Conclusion De…
Less but better: cardioprotective lipid profile of patients with GCK-MODY despite lower HDL cholesterol level
2014
Patients with diabetes caused by single-gene mutations generally exhibit an altered course of diabetes. Those with mutations of the glucokinase gene (GCK-MODY) show good metabolic control and low risk of cardiovascular complications despite paradoxically lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. In order to investigate the matter, we analyzed the composition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL subpopulations in such individuals. The LipoPrint(©) system (Quantimetrix, USA) based on non-denaturing, linear polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate and measure LDL and HDL subclasses in fresh-frozen serum samples from patients with mutations of glucokinase or …
Insulin resistance and oxidative stress in familial combined hyperlipidemia.
2007
Oxidative stress is associated with atherosclerosis. Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is considered as a human model of primary dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR), but there are few data on its possible relation to oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress status using different markers in subjects with FCH assessing its possible correlation with anthropometric parameters and IR. This was a cross-sectional study. A cohort of 40 FCH patients (20 with IR (HOMAor=3.2) and 20 without IR (HOMA3.2)), and 20 healthy volunteers were included, all of them non-diabetic, normotensive and non-smokers. We measure…
Assessing cardiovascular risk in Mediterranean women with polycystic ovary syndrome
2010
Background: Although dyslipidemia is common in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), current diagnostic guidelines suggest to evaluate only plasma HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, assuming that, in this disorder, cardiovascular risk is mainly due to the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MS). In the US, MS has been found in up to 50% of PCOS, but in other countries its prevalence is lower. Methods: We compared the prevalence of MS with that of increased LDL- and non-HDL-cholesterol levels in 350 Mediterranean PCOS women (244 anovulatory and 106 ovulatory), and 95 normo-weight and 90 body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Results: The prevalence of MS was 7.1% in PCOS, high…
Inability of HDL from abdominally obese subjects to counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized LDL on vasorelaxation.
2007
Abdominal obesity is associated with a decreased plasma concentration of HDL cholesterol and with qualitative modifications of HDL, such as triglyceride enrichment. Our aim was to determine, in isolated aorta rings, whether HDL from obese subjects can counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) on endothelium-dependent vasodilation as efficiently as HDL from normolipidemic, lean subjects. Plasma triglycerides were 74% higher (P < 0.005) in obese subjects compared with controls, and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL cholesterol concentrations were 12% and 17% lower (P < 0.05), respectively. HDL from control subjects significantly reduced the inhibitory effe…
Relation of inflammatory chemokines to insulin resistance and hypoadiponectinemia in coronary artery disease patients
2009
Although many studies have shown that the metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) both are associated with chronic inflammatory state and are risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), it is still unclear which condition is a more important contributor to the increased production of inflammatory chemokines. The purpose of this study was to assess monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels and their association with insulin resistance and adiponectin concentrations in CAD patients, who were categorized as having T2DM, MS, or neither.CAD male patients were categorized into three groups: 24 non-obese patients with T2DM (D), 24 obese pati…
Reducing NAFLD-screening time: A comparative study of eight diagnostic methods offering an alternative to ultrasound scans.
2018
Background & Aims: The use of ultrasound scan (US) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) screening overloads US waiting lists. We hypothesized and tested a hybrid two-step method, consisting of applying a formula, to exclude subjects at low risk, before US. Methods: The sample included 2970 males and females (937 with NAFLD) diagnosed by US. We selected eight formulas: Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HIS), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), Abdominal Volume Index (AVI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist/height0.5 (WHT.5R) and Body Roundness Index (BRI), and calculated their performance in the two-step method evaluating percentage reduction of the…
Are glucose profiles well-controlled within the targets recommended by the international diabetes federation in type 2 diabetes? : a meta-analysis of…
2018
AIMS: To assess continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) derived intra-day glucose profiles using global guideline for type 2 diabetes recommended by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). METHODS: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL and Science Direct were searched to identify observational studies reporting intra-day glucose profiles using CGM in people with type 2 diabetes on any anti-diabetes agents. Overall and subgroup analyses were conducted to summarise mean differences between reported glucose profiles (fasting glucose, pre-meal glucose, postprandial glucose and post-meal glucose spike/excursion) and the IDF targets. RESULTS: Twelve observational studies totalling 731 pe…
Urinary adiponectin excretion rises with increasing albuminuria in type 1 diabetes
2013
Urinary adiponectin (u-adiponectin) excretion has been suggested to reflect early glomerular damage. Inspired by this, we studied the levels of u-adiponectin in type 1 diabetic patients with different levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE).U-adiponectin was analysed by ELISA in type 1 diabetic patients: Fifty-eight with normoalbuminuria (30mg albumin/24h), 43 with persistent microalbuminuria (30-300mg/24h) and 44 with persistent macroalbuminuria (300mg/24h). For comparison, a control group of 55 healthy individuals was included.U-adiponectin increased with increasing levels of UAE (p0.01). U-adiponectin median (interquartile range): Normoalbuminuria 0.38 (0.14-1.31), microalbuminuria 1.1…
Association between glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) and apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene polymorphisms and triacylglycerol concentrations in fast…
2008
Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Variation in the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) and glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) genes has been associated with fasting plasma triacylglycerol. Objective: We investigated the combined effects of the GCKR rs780094C→T, APOA5 −1131T→C, and APOA5 56C→G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on fasting triacylglycerol in several independent populations and the response to a high-fat meal and fenofibrate interventions. Design: We used a cross-sectional design to investigate the association with fasting triacylglycerol in 8 populations from America, Asia, and Europe (n = 7730 men and women) and 2 intervention studies…