Search results for " Models"

showing 10 items of 4240 documents

Labour migration and wages

2001

incomepalkatmaassamuuttolabour marketsverotustuloverotyömarkkinattaxationmigrationmuuttoliikeregional policyaluepolitiikkadiscrete choice models
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Recent statistical advances and applications of species distribution modeling

2019

En el mundo en que vivimos, producimos aproximadamente 2.5 quintillones de bytes de datos por día. Esta enorme cantidad de datos proviene de las redes sociales, Internet, satélites, etc. Todos estos datos, que se pueden registrar en el tiempo o en el espacio, son información que puede ayudarnos a comprender la propagación de una enfermedad, el movimiento de especies o el cambio climático. El uso de modelos estadísticos complejos ha aumentado recientemente en el contexto del estudio de la distribución de especies. Esta complejidad ha hecho que los procesos inferenciales y predictivos sean difíciles de realizar. El enfoque bayesiano se ha convertido en una buena opción para lidiar con estos m…

inlabayesian inferencegeostatistics:MATEMÁTICAS::Estadística [UNESCO]species distribution models:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biometría [UNESCO]UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::BiometríaUNESCO::MATEMÁTICAS::Estadística
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Dangerous relationships : biases in freshwater bioassessment based on observed to expected ratios

2018

Copyright by the Ecological Society of America The ecological assessment of freshwaters is currently primarily based on biological communities and the reference condition approach (RCA). In the RCA, the communities in streams and lakes disturbed by humans are compared with communities in reference conditions with no or minimal anthropogenic influence. The currently favored rationale is using selected community metrics for which the expected values (E) for each site are typically estimated from environmental variables using a predictive model based on the reference data. The proportional differences between the observed values (O) and E are then derived, and the decision rules for status ass…

inland waters0106 biological sciencesPercentilepäätöksentekomodelling (creation related to information)010501 environmental sciencesExpected value01 natural sciencescase studylakesStatisticsviitearvotfreshwatersMathematicsevaluationEcologyEcologyBiodiversityVariance (accounting)reference valuessimulationpredictive modelsekologia6. Clean waterreference condition approachmathematical modelsEnvironmental Monitoringmallintaminenecological statusCorrection methodta1172järvetdecision makingtapaustutkimusRiversAnimalssimulointiekologinen tila0105 earth and related environmental sciencesta112bioassessmentluokitus (toiminta)010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyEcological assessmentDecision rulesisävedetInvertebratesReference data13. Climate actionta1181classification errormatemaattiset mallitarviointiQuantileEcological Applications
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Enhanced Permeability and Retention-like Extravasation of Nanoparticles from the Vasculature into Tuberculosis Granulomas in Zebrafish and Mouse Mode…

2018

The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is the only described mechanism enabling nanoparticles (NPs) flowing in blood to reach tumors by a passive targeting mechanism. Here, using the transparent zebrafish model infected with Mycobacterium marinum we show that an EPR-like process also occurs allowing different types of NPs to extravasate from the vasculature to reach granulomas that assemble during tuberculosis (TB) infection. PEGylated liposomes and other NP types cross endothelial barriers near infection sites within minutes after injection and accumulate close to granulomas. Although similar to 100 and 190 nm NPs concentrated most in granulomas, even similar to 700 nm liposo…

inorganic chemicalsEndotheliumGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyPulmonary Artery010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPermeabilitylaw.inventionMiceConfocal microscopylawmedicineAnimalsGeneral Materials ScienceZebrafishTuberculosis PulmonaryMycobacterium marinumZebrafishLiposomeGranulomaMicroscopy ConfocalbiologyChemistryGeneral Engineeringtechnology industry and agriculture021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classificationExtravasation0104 chemical sciencesDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structurePermeability (electromagnetism)Drug deliveryBiophysicsMycobacterium marinumNanoparticles0210 nano-technology
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Cisplatin plus weekly vinorelbine versus cisplatin plus vinorelbine on days 1 and 8 in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective randomized …

2008

Summary Purpose A phase III randomized trial was carried out to compare two schedules of the vinorelbine (VNR)–cisplatin (CDDP) regimen in patients with locally advanced unresectable poor prognosis stage IIIB or metastatic stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and analysis of toxicity, while secondary endpoints included response rates, time-to-progression (TTP) and quality of life (QoL). Patients and methods Eligible patients were randomized to receive: (a) VNR 25 mg/m 2 on day 1, 8 and 15 plus CDDP 100 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 4 weeks or (b) VNR 30 mg/m 2 on day 1 and 8 plus CDDP 80 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. All patients were chemotherapy-n…

inorganic chemicalsPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyRandomizationLung NeoplasmsVinorelbineVinblastineGastroenterologyStatistics Nonparametriclaw.inventionRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansProspective StudiesLung cancerProspective cohort studyneoplasmsAgedNeoplasm StagingChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryVinorelbineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseVinblastineSurgeryRegimenLogistic ModelsTreatment OutcomeOncologyItalyDisease ProgressionQuality of LifeFemaleCisplatinbusinessFebrile neutropeniamedicine.drugLung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
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Predicting physical distancing over time during COVID-19 : testing an integrated model

2022

Objective: We applied an integrated social cognition model to predict physical distancing behavior, a key COVID-19 preventive behavior, over a four-month period. Design: A three-wave longitudinal survey design. Methods: Australian and US residents (N = 601) completed self-report measures of social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norm, moral norm, perceived behavioral control [PBC]), intention, habit, and physical distancing behavior on an initial occasion (T1) and on two further occasions one week (T2) and four months (T3) later. Results: A structural equation model revealed that subjective norm, moral norm, and PBC, were consistent predictors of physical distancing intention on …

integrated modelsbehavior changekäyttäytymismallittartuntatauditterveyskäyttäytyminentottumuksetsosiaalinen kognitiosocial distancingCOVID-19social cognition theoryhabitpandemiat
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Investigating applicability of ratings of indicators of the CLASS Pre-K instrument

2022

When classroom observations are increasingly used for accountability and evaluation purposes, a deeper understanding of the psychometric properties of such measurement tools is needed. The present study took a unique approach to examine the psychometric properties of a commonly used classroom observation measure by testing the reliability of indicators for higher-order constructs (i.e. dimensions). We investigated the reliability of indicator ratings of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) Pre-K instrument in Finnish kindergarten and first grade classrooms. Twenty-one observer pairs rated 838 segments identified from the 413 lessons of 48 teachers. Variance components models were…

inter-rater reliabilityclassroom assessment scoring system pre-Khavainnointivariance components modelsopettajatopetusarviointiindicatorsindikaattoritEducationmittausmenetelmät
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Measurement of the Fluctuations in the Number of Muons in Extensive Air Showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in Malargue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Argentina-Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas; in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access; Australia-the Australian Research Council; Brazil…

interaction: modelPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyHadronGeneral Physics and AstronomyUltra-high energy cosmic rays muons properties hadronic models01 natural sciencescosmic ray; particle interaction; astroparticle detectorsAugerHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ironsurface [detector]Observatory[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]cosmic rayPhysics4. EducationPhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalemeasured [fluctuation]model [interaction]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsmodel: hadronicfluctuation: measured3. Good healthAugerobservatoryparticle interactionSciences exactes et naturellesatmosphere [showers]model [particle]airCherenkov counter: waterAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaUHE [cosmic radiation]FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic raydetector: fluorescenceNuclear physicsastroparticle detectorscosmic raysmuon0103 physical sciencescalorimeterddc:53014. Life underwatercosmic radiation: UHEHigh Energy Physicsdistribution functionelectromagnetic component010306 general physicsAstrophysiquePierre Auger Observatoryfluorescence [detector]Muonshowers: atmospherehep-exdetector: surfacewater [Cherenkov counter]particle: modelSmall deviationsFísicaASTROFÍSICAAir showerExperimental High Energy PhysicsElementary Particles and Fieldshadronic [model]High Energy Physics::Experiment
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Incidence and Management of Recurrence in Patients with Crohn's Disease Who Have Undergone Intestinal Resection: The Practicrohn Study.

2017

Background: More than 50% of patients with Crohn's disease require intestinal resection at least once. Postoperative recurrence (POR) is almost uniform if prophylactic treatment is not started early. Endoscopic monitoring is generally advised. We studied the incidence and management of recurrence in patients who had undergone intestinal resection. Methods: Practicrohn was an observational retrospective study performed in 26 Spanish hospitals including patients aged >= 18 years who underwent Crohn's disease-related ileocolonic resection between January 2007 and December 2010. We recorded preventive treatments, the incidence of clinical recurrence in daily practice, and associated risk factor…

intestinal resectionAdultMaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatment03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineCrohn DiseaseInterquartile rangeRecurrenceRisk FactorsSecondary Preventionpostoperative recurrenceImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansImmunologic FactorsPostoperative PeriodColectomyColectomyRetrospective StudiesCrohn's diseasemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceGastroenterologyRetrospective cohort studyEndoscopyBowel resectionmedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisEndoscopySurgeryCrohn's diseaseLogistic ModelsSpain030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPopulation study030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleprophylaxisbusinessFollow-Up StudiesInflammatory bowel diseases
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Data from: Deliberation favours social efficiency by making people disregard their relative shares: evidence from USA and India

2017

Groups make decisions on both the production and the distribution of resources. These decisions typically involve a tension between increasing the total level of group resources (i.e. social efficiency) and distributing these resources among group members (i.e. individuals' relative shares). This is the case because the redistribution process may destroy part of the resources, thus resulting in socially inefficient allocations. Here we apply a dual-process approach to understand the cognitive underpinnings of this fundamental tension. We conducted a set of experiments to examine the extent to which different allocation decisions respond to intuition or deliberation. In a newly developed app…

intuitiondeliberationmedicine and health careefficiencyMedicineequalityLife sciencesdual process models
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