Search results for " Models"
showing 10 items of 4240 documents
Computational Rationality as a Theory of Interaction
2022
Funding Information: This work was funded by the Finnish Center for AI and Academy of Finland (“BAD” and “Human Automata”). We thank our reviewers, Xiuli Chen, Joerg Mueller, Christian Guckelsberger, Sebastiaan de Peuter, Samuel Kaski, Pierre-Alexandre Murena, Antti Keuru-lainen, Suyog Chandramouli, and Roderick Murray-Smith for their comments. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 ACM. How do people interact with computers? This fundamental question was asked by Card, Moran, and Newell in 1983 with a proposition to frame it as a question about human cognition - in other words, as a matter of how information is processed in the mind. Recently, the question has been reframed as one of adaptation: how …
Removal of ammonium ions from aqueous solutions using alkali-activated analcime as sorbent
2023
Five alkali-activated analcime (ANA) sorbents (ANA-MK 1, ANA 2, ANA 3, ANA-MK 4, and ANA-MK 5) were developed for ammonium (NH4+) ion removal. Acid treatment and calcination were used as pre-treatments for analcime, and metakaolin (MK) was used as a blending agent in three sorbents. Sorption experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of sorbent dosage (1–20 g L−1), initial NH4+ ion concentration (5–1000 g L−1), and contact time (1 min–24 h). ANA-MK 1, ANA 2, and ANA-MK 4 were the most efficient sorbents for NH4+ ion removal, with a maximum experimental sorption uptake of 29.79, 26.00, and 22.24 mg g−1, respectively. ANA 3 and ANA-MK 5 demonstrated…
Measuring the Task Induced Oscillatory Brain Activity Using Tensor Decomposition
2019
The characterization of dynamic electrophysiological brain activity, which form and dissolve in order to support ongoing cognitive function, is one of the most important goals in neuroscience. Here, we introduce a method with tensor decomposition for measuring the task-induced oscillations in the human brain using electroencephalography (EEG). The time frequency representation of source-reconstructed singletrail EEG data constructed a third-order tensor with three factors of time ∗ trails, frequency and source points. We then used a non-negative Canonical Polyadic decomposition (NCPD) to identify the temporal, spectral and spatial changes in electrophysiological brain activity. We validate …
Bayesian temporal and spatio-temporal Markov switching models for the detection of influenza outbreaks
2017
Influenza is a disease which affects millions of people every year and causes hundreds of thousends of deads every year. This disease causes substantial direct and indirect costs every year. The influenza epidemic have a particular behavior which shapes the statistical methods for their detection. Seasonal epidemics happen virtually every year in the temperate parts of the globe during the cold months and extend throughout whole regions, countries and even continents. Besides the seasonal epidemics, some nonseasonal epidemics can be observed at unexpected times, usually caused by strains which jump the barrier between animals and humans, as happened with the well known Swine Flu epidemic, w…
Prognostic value of HSP27 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 57 tumours.
2006
Background: The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of HSP27 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to verify whether HSP27 can be considered to be a marker of prognosis in patients with OSCC. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of HSP27 was evaluated in 57 OSCC, who received standard treatment and monitoring. After grouping for HSP27 expression, OSCCs were statistically analysed for the variables age, gender, histological grading, TNM, staging and survival rate. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: HSP27 was found to be reduced in 31 OSCC and was normally expressed in 26 OSCC. The pattern and intensity of HSP…
SNP and SML estimation of univariate and bivariate binary–choice models
2008
We discuss the semi-nonparametric approach of Gallant and Nychka (1987, Econometrica 55: 363–390), the semiparametric maximum likelihood approach of Klein and Spady (1993, Econometrica 61: 387–421), and a set of new Stata commands for semiparametric estimation of three binary-choice models. The first is a univariate model, while the second and the third are bivariate models without and with sample selection, respectively. The proposed estimators are root-n consistent and asymptotically normal for the model parameters of interest under weak assumptions on the distribution of the underlying error terms. Our Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the efficiency losses of the semi-nonparametric a…
Il dynamic business model: una prospettiva dinamica per la progettazione dei modelli di business
2017
Building on the extant literature on business modelling and focussing on start-up firms, this article aims at exploring the combination between conventional business model schemes and System Dynamics methodology with the intent to overcome those limitations related to a static design approach. By mapping the multiple key elements underlying value creation processes – linked according to a cause-and-effect perspective – and with the support of a simulation-based methodology, entrepreneurs may experiment and understand how the firm reacts to strategic and organizational changes in terms of performance, innovation and value creation.
Psychosocial Factors and Chronic Illness as Predictors for Anxiety and Depression in Adolescence
2020
Adolescence is a challenging time when emotional difficulties often arise. Self-esteem, good relationships with peers, and emotional competences can buffer the effects of these difficulties. The difficulties can be even greater when coupled with the presence of a chronic physical illness (CD). Our goal is to analyze psychosocial factors and CD as predictors for anxiety and depression. It was compared the results of structural equation models (SEM) with models based on qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to analyze the possible influence of these variables on levels of anxiety-depression in adolescents with and without CD. The sample consisted of 681 adolescents, between 12 and 16 years o…
Simulating and assessing prospective scenarios
2008
The first part of the paper is centered on the phenomena of urban growth, in order to set the rules for a sustainable scenario of urban development. Then we enter the core of the paper that is the comparison of models. For each of the three compared models, we describe its main theoretical characteristics, the chosen parameters, and the obtained results. In section 6, heterogeneity of the produced results is discussed, and we highlight the points of interest and the lacks of the three models. Here we show that results we obtained feed debates about urban growth management. Finally, concluding remarks at the end of the paper address the general topic of the evaluation of the quality of simul…