Search results for " Molecular"

Thin Film CIGS Solar Cells, Photovoltaic Modules, and the Problems of Modeling

2013

Starting from the results regarding a nonvacuum technique to fabricate CIGS thin films for solar cells by means of single-step electrodeposition, we focus on the methodological problems of modeling at cell structure and photovoltaic module levels. As a matter of fact, electrodeposition is known as a practical alternative to costly vacuum-based technologies for semiconductor processing in the photovoltaic device sector, but it can lead to quite different structural and electrical properties. For this reason, a greater effort is required to ensure that the perspectives of the electrical engineer and the material scientist are given an opportunity for a closer comparison and a common language.…

Protein c-phycocyanin, structure, physicochemical and biological properties, methods of extraction

2022

С-phycocyanin (phycocyanin) is a pigment-protein complex of the lightharvesting phycobiliprotein family that takes part in the primary phase of photosynthesis in lower plants. The phycocyanin content depends on such factors as the species of microalgae, physical state of biomass, extraction techniques, etc. The main methods for obtaining phycocyanin from biomass include chemical, physical and enzyme treatments with the following purification by such methods as precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The commercial value of phycocyanin is directly related to the methods of its obtaining, purification and purity. The ratio of absorb…

Early evolutionary colocalization of the nuclear ribosomal 5S and 45S gene families in seed plants: evidence from the living fossil gymnosperm Ginkgo…

2012

In seed plants, the colocalization of the 5S loci within the intergenic spacer (IGS) of the nuclear 45S tandem units is restricted to the phylogenetically derived Asteraceae family. However, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) colocalization of both multigene families has also been observed in other unrelated seed plant lineages. Previous work has identified colocalization of 45S and 5S loci in Ginkgo biloba using FISH, but these observations have not been confirmed recently by sequencing a 1.8 kb IGS. In this work, we report the presence of the 45S–5S linkage in G. biloba, suggesting that in seed plants the molecular events leading to the restructuring of the ribosomal loci are much o…

Root and crown rot of olive caused by Phytophthora spp

2011

Assessment of Physical and Chemical Stability of Different Magnesium Compounds in Tablets

2020

Modern lifestyle, excessive chemicalization of agricultural products, excessive processing and refining of food, cause a decrease in daily intake of magnesium, cation with an extremely important role in prevention and treatment of many diseases. As a result, there arises the need for extra magnesium intake in the form of dietary supplements. In this study were evaluated the physical and chemical stability of magnesium-containing tablets, depending on the active compound and the excipients used. Magnesium tablets in the form of orotate, lactate, citrate, oxide and hydroxide were taken into study and physical and chemical stability were observed over the validity period, at 6 and at 12 month…

Targeted Drug Delivery in Plants: Enzyme‐Responsive Lignin Nanocarriers for the Curative Treatment of the Worldwide Grapevine Trunk Disease Esca

2019

Abstract Nanocarrier (NC)‐mediated drug delivery is widely researched in medicine but to date has not been used in agriculture. The first curative NC‐based treatment of the worldwide occurring grapevine trunk disease Esca, with more than 2 billion infected plants causing a loss yearly of $1.5 billion, is presented. To date, only repetitive spraying of fungicides is used to reduce chances of infection. This long‐term treatment against Esca uses minimal amounts of fungicide encapsulated in biobased and biodegradable lignin NCs. A single trunk injection of <10 mg fungicide results in curing of an infected plant. Only upon Esca infection, ligninolytic enzymes, secreted by the Esca‐associated fu…

Drug Delivery in Plants: Targeted Drug Delivery in Plants: Enzyme-Responsive Lignin Nanocarriers for the Curative Treatment of the Worldwide Grapevin…

2019

In article number 1802315, Jochen Fischer, Frederik R. Wurm, and co‐workers report the first nanocarrier‐mediated drug delivery in plants. Enzyme‐degradable lignin nanocarriers are injected into the trunks of grapevine plants. They release a fungicide selectively inside of the plants and are able to cure the worldwide fungal plant disease Esca for the first time. This strategy will reduce the extensive spraying of pesticides in agriculture. Image credit: Katharina Maisenbacher.

Plasma Dynamics Characterization for Improvement of Resonantly Enhanced Harmonics Generation in Indium and Tin Laser-Produced Plasmas

2022

R.A.G. is grateful to H. Kuroda for providing the access to the laser facility. As a Center of Excellence, the Institute of Solid State Physics at the University of Latvia received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement no. 739508, project CAMART².

Photoelectron emission experiments with ECR-driven multi-dipolar negative ion plasma source

2017

Photoelectron emission measurements have been performed using a 2.45 GHz ECR-driven multi-dipolar plasma source in a low pressure hydrogen discharge. Photoelectron currents induced by light emitted from ECR zone and H− production region are measured from Al, Cu, Mo, Ta, and stainless steel (SAE 304) surfaces as a function of microwave power and neutral hydrogen pressure. The total photoelectron current from the plasma chamber wall is estimated to reach values up to 1 A for 900 W of injected microwave power. It is concluded that the volumetric photon emission rate in wavelength range relevant for photoelectron emission is a few times higher in arc discharge. peerReviewed

VUV emission spectroscopy combined with H- density measurements in the ion source Prometheus I

2016

“Prometheus I” is a volume H− negative ion source, driven by a network of dipolar electron cyclotron resonance (ECR; 2.45 GHz) modules. The vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) emission spectrum of low-temperature hydrogen plasmas may be related to molecular and atomic processes involved directly or indirectly in the production of negative ions. In this work, VUV spectroscopy has been performed in the above source, Prometheus I, both in the ECR zones and the bulk (far from ECR zones and surfaces) plasma. The acquired VUV spectra are correlated with the negative ion densities, as measured by means of laser photodetachment, and the possible mechanisms of negative ion production are considered. The well-e…