Search results for " Motor"
showing 10 items of 1044 documents
Cooling of the cerebellar interpositus nucleus abolishes somatosensory cortical learning-related activity in eyeblink conditioned rabbits.
2005
Nictitating membrane movement and multiple-unit activity in the somatosensory cortex were recorded from rabbits during paired (N = 6) and unpaired (N = 5) presentations of a tone conditioned stimulus (CS) and an airpuff unconditioned stimulus (US). A behavioural conditioned response (CR) to the CS and an accompanying neural response in the somatosensory cortex developed only in the paired group. Inactivation of the cerebellar interpositus nucleus abolished both the acquired CR and the accompanying neural response. However, the CS facilitated both behavioural and neural responses to the US during the inactivation. Thus, the absence of the CR could not be accounted for by the general inabilit…
La cineradiografia digitale nella diagnosi e nel trattamento chirurgico dei disordini motori della giunzione faringo-esofagea
2004
The aim of the study was to report our experience with the use of radiology in functional disorders of the cricopharyngeal muscle and their surgical therapy using digital cineradiology. Five-hundred and seventy dysphagic patients underwent dynamic study of the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing (Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study, VFSS). A motor disorder of the cricopharyngeal muscle was diagnosed by videofluorography in 19 patients: the disorder was mild in 8, moderate in 7 and severe in 4. Two of these underwent cricopharyngeal myotomy, with an improvement in their dysphagia and swallowing mechanisms. VFSS provides a morphological and functional view of the aero-digestive tracts: th…
Tributo al professor Miguel F. Refojo, PhD, DSc (1928---2016)
2016
[Excerpt] July 21, 2016, Professor Miguel F. Refojo passed away at the age of 88 in Needham (Massachusetts). Saying that Miguel was one of the most renowned Spanish scientists of the second half of the XXth Century does not resembles its actual scientific size. Indeed, Miguel (or “Migüel” as most of his American friends pronounced his name) was a World Class scientist and inventor that will be forever linked to the advances in polymer science applied to the ophthalmic environment. His contributions in the biomedical field start “officially” in 1967 according to the National Library of Medline database (Pubmed-Medline). [...]
Effects of a ludic-motor program on motor development and early literacy skills in preschool children
2017
There is insufficient evidence in the literature about many correlations between motor and cognitive skills in 3-5 year old children [1]. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the development of the gross motor skills and the prerequisites of reading/writing following a ludic-motor program (LMP) in pre-school children. This study has involved 189 children (age: 4.62 ± 0.97 years; height: 107.83 ± 7.82 cm, body weight: 19.84 ± 4.95 kg) attending 8 kindergartens in Palermo. The children were randomly divided in a control group (C, n= 29), a 1-intervention group (I-1, n= 120) and a 2-intervention group (I-2, n= 40). I-1 and I-2 respectively performed 4 and 10 hours/week…
Enhanced Spatial Navigation Skills in Sequence-Space Synesthetes
2018
Contains fulltext : 219554.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Individuals with sequence-space synesthesia (SSS) perceive sequences like months, days and numbers in certain spatial arrangements. Several cognitive benefits have been associated with SSS, such as enhanced mental rotation, more vivid visual imagery and an advantage in spatial processing. The current study aimed to further investigate these cognitive benefits, focusing on spatial navigation skills, to explore if their enhanced sensitivity to spatial relations is reflected in enhanced navigational performance. Synesthetes were distinguished from controls by means of a questionnaire, a consistency test and drawings. A virtu…
What Will You Do Next? A Cognitive Model for Understanding Others’ Intentions Based on Shared Representations
2013
Goal-directed action selection is the problem of what to do next in order to progress towards goal achievement. This problem is computationally more complex in case of joint action settings where two or more agents coordinate their actions in space and time to bring about a common goal: actions performed by one agent influence the action possibilities of the other agents, and ultimately the goal achievement. While humans apparently effortlessly engage in complex joint actions, a number of questions remain to be solved to achieve similar performances in artificial agents: How agents represent and understand actions being performed by others? How this understanding influences the choice of ag…
A Fly-Inspired Mushroom Bodies Model for Sensory-Motor Control Through Sequence and Subsequence Learning
2016
Classification and sequence learning are relevant capabilities used by living beings to extract complex information from the environment for behavioral control. The insect world is full of examples where the presentation time of specific stimuli shapes the behavioral response. On the basis of previously developed neural models, inspired by Drosophila melanogaster, a new architecture for classification and sequence learning is here presented under the perspective of the Neural Reuse theory. Classification of relevant input stimuli is performed through resonant neurons, activated by the complex dynamics generated in a lattice of recurrent spiking neurons modeling the insect Mushroom Bodies n…
Diagnosis of Sensor Faults in PMSM and Drive System Based on Structural Analysis
2021
This paper presents a model-based fault diagnosis method to detect sensor faults in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives based on structural analysis technique. The structural model is built based on the dynamic model of the PMSM in matrix form, including unknown variables, known variables, and faults. The Dulmage-Mendelsohn (DM) decomposition is applied to evaluate the redundancy of the model and obtain redundant testable sub-models. These testable redundant sub-models are used to form residuals to observe the system state, and distinguish between healthy and faulty conditions. This work investigates faults in eleven sensors in a PMSM drive, thus nine structured residuals are d…
The Brain Electrophysiological recording & STimulation (BEST) toolbox
2021
Abstract Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) experiments involve many recurring procedures that are not sufficiently standardized in the community. Given the diversity in experimental design and experience of the investigators, automated but yet flexible data collection and analysis tools are needed to increase objectivity, reliability, and reproducibility of NIBS experiments. The B rain E lectrophysiological recording and ST imulation (BEST) Toolbox is a MATLAB-based, open-source software with graphical user interface that allows users to design, run, and share freely configurable multi-protocol, multi-session NIBS studies, including transcranial magnetic, electric, and ultrasound stimul…
Tuning of Extended Kalman Filters for Sensorless Motion Control with Induction Motor
2019
This work deals with the tuning of an Extended Kalman Filter for sensorless control of induction motors for electrical traction in automotive. Assuming that the parameters of the induction motor-load model are known, Genetic Algorithms are used for obtaining the system noise covariance matrix, considering the measurement noise covariance matrix equal to the identity matrix. It is shown that only stator currents have to be acquired for reaching this objective, which is easy to accomplish using Hall-effect transducers. In fact, the Genetic Algorithm minimizes, with respect to the system covariance matrix, a suitable measure of the displacement between the stator currents experimentally acquir…