Search results for " Muscle"
showing 10 items of 1495 documents
Convergence of nociceptive and non-nociceptive inputs onto spinal reflex pathways to the tibialis anterior muscle in humans
1998
The interaction of low-threshold mechanoreceptive and nociceptive inputs onto spinal neurones probably plays a major role in the pathophysiology of the clinical sign of allodynia. This phenomenon was investigated by modulation of the early component of the flexor reflex (FR) in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle, elicited by electrical stimulation of the medial plantar nerve at the sole of the foot, by homotopically applied painful heat in humans. This early reflex with an electrical threshold of 2.7-fold the detection threshold and a mean afferent conduction velocity of 49 m s-1 is a non-nociceptive FR. When applying conditioning painful heat (46 degrees C) to the sole of the foot this refl…
Subliminal fear priming potentiates negative facial reactions to food pictures in women with anorexia nervosa.
2010
BackgroundTo investigate hedonic reactivity and the influence of unconscious emotional processes on the low sensitivity to positive reinforcement of food in anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodAN and healthy women were exposed to palatable food pictures just after a subliminal exposure to facial expressions (happy, disgust, fear and neutral faces), either while fasting or after a standardized meal (hungerversussatiety). Both implicit [facial electromyographic (EMG) activity from zygomatic and corrugator muscles, skin conductance, heart rate, and videotaped facial behavior] and explicit (self-reported pleasure and desire) measures of affective processes were recorded.ResultsIn contrast to healthy wo…
Über die Wirkung von Calcium- und Natriumionen auf die Kaliumkontraktur des Warmblüterherzens / The Effect of Calcium and Sodium Ions on the Potassiu…
1969
An linken Meerschweinchenvorhofen (vergleichbare Ergebnisse wurden an Kalbsvorhofstrabekeln erzielt) kommt es in einer Losung mit 142, 4 mM Kalium (Tyrodelosung, in der NaCl vollstandig isotonisch durch KC1 ersetzt war) zu einer Kontraktur, deren Hohe und Anstiegssteilheit mit steigender extracellularer Calciumkonzentration ([Ca]e; 0–10, 8 mM) zunehmen. Bei gleicher [Ca]e (1, 8 mM) erreicht das Maximum der Kontraktur etwa 80% der durch elektrische Reizung ausgelosten Kontraktion. Die Beziehung maximale Kontrakturhohe (KH)-Membranpotential (MP) wird durch steigende [Ca]e oder abnehmende [Na]e parallel zu negativeren MP verschoben. In Na-freier Losung kommt es auch ohne Depolarisation zur Kon…
The Role of Striated Sphincter Muscle in Urethral Closure Under Stress Conditions: An Experimental Study
1987
Decisive for urethral closure under stress is an increase in intraurethral pressure. This pressure increase is significantly affected by urethral tonus, passive pressure transmission and reflex pressure transmission. Approximately half of the urethral tonus is produced by the striated sphincter muscles (Rud et al. 1981; Tanagho 1979).
De Novo prion aggregates trigger autophagy in skeletal muscle
2014
ABSTRACT In certain sporadic, familial, and infectious prion diseases, the prion protein misfolds and aggregates in skeletal muscle in addition to the brain and spinal cord. In myocytes, prion aggregates accumulate intracellularly, yet little is known about clearance pathways. Here we investigated the clearance of prion aggregates in muscle of transgenic mice that develop prion disease de novo . In addition to neurodegeneration, aged mice developed a degenerative myopathy, with scattered myocytes containing ubiquitinated, intracellular prion inclusions that were adjacent to myocytes lacking inclusions. Myocytes also showed elevated levels of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone Grp78/BiP, su…
Calcitonin gene-related peptide partly protects cultured smooth muscle cells from apoptosis induced by an oxidative stress via activation of ERK1/2 M…
2003
Abstract Oxidative stress induced by a glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO) generator system dose-dependently decreased the viability of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) as estimated by MTT assay. Cell death was induced in 40% of cells exposed to 0.2 IU/ml of the free radical generating mixture. Annexin-V labeling, Hoechst staining together with DNA laddering demonstrated that apoptosis was responsible for this cell loss. Pretreatment of the cells with 10−8 M calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) significantly attenuated the damaging effect of the oxidative stress. Indeed, cell viability was estimated to be 80% in CGRP-treated group, instead of 60% in absence of CGRP treatment. This …
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation for Accessory Respiratory Muscles Training in Patients After Ischemic Stroke
2019
This study focused on how pulmonary function is affected by proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) of accessory respiratory muscles in the chronic post-stroke phase. The study involved patients who had had ischemic stroke 6 months or more before the PNF treatment investigated. The objective was to define the effect of PNF on bioelectrical resting and maximum activity of the accessory muscles. Patients were randomly assigned to PNF treatment and just positioning treatment as a reference for comparison; 30 patients each. Electromyography of accessory muscles was investigated before and after physiotherapeutic treatments. We found that there was a greater reduction in EMG activity in …
Protein Biomarkers of Bovine Defective Meats at a Glance: Gel-Free Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Analysis for Rapid Screening
2021
An understanding of biological mechanisms that could be involved in the stress response of animal cattle prior to slaughter is critical to create effective strategies aiming at the production of high-quality meat. The sarcoplasmic proteome of directly extracted samples from normal and high ultimate pH (pHu) meat groups was studied through a straightforward gel-free strategy supported by liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis. A stepped proteomic pipeline combining rapid biomarker hunting supported by qualitative protein Mascot scores followed by targeted label-free peptide quantification revealed 26 descriptors that characterize…
Label-free profiling of skeletal muscle using high-definition mass spectrometry
2014
We report automated and time efficient (2 h per sample) profiling of muscle using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (LC) coupled directly with high-definition mass spectrometry (HDMSE). Soluble proteins extracted from rat gastrocnemius (n=10) were digested with trypsin and analysed in duplicate using a 90 min RPLC gradient. Protein identification and label-free quantitation were performed from HDMSE spectra analysed using TransOmics Informatics for Proteomics software. In total 1,514 proteins were identified. Of these, 811 had at least 3 unique peptides and were subsequently used to assess the dynamic range and precision of LC-HDMSE label-free profiling. Proteins analysed by LC-HDMSE …
Papillary muscle relocation and mitral annuloplasty in ischemic mitral valve regurgitation: midterm results.
2014
Objectives The surgical approach for ischemic mitral regurgitation remains unclear. Many studies are in favor of adding the subvalvular procedure to mitral annuloplasty to reduce recurrent mitral regurgitation. This study reports the clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of papillary muscle relocation combined with mitral annuloplasty.Methods From 2003, 115 patients with severe ischemic mitral regurgitation who underwent papillary muscle relocation plus nonrestrictive mitral annuloplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting were retrospective analyzed. Patients' mean age was 52 ± 12.8 years, New York Heart Association class III or IV was 71%, and preoperative left ventricular ejection frac…