Search results for " Muscle"

Regulation of type IV collagen gene expression and degradation in fast and slow muscles during dexamethasone treatment and exercise.

2003

Glucocorticoids have anti-anabolic effects on many tissues and can cause muscle atrophy. However, their effects on type IV collagen gene expression and degradation in skeletal muscle have not been studied previously. Rats were treated daily with dexamethasone or saline. Half the groups of experimental and control animals were also subjected to daily endurance or uphill running exercise to determine the possible preventive effects of exercise. After an experimental period of 3 or 10 days, the extensor digitorum longus, soleus and tibialis anterior muscles were studied. Dexamethasone treatment for 10 days reduced muscle weight and type IV collagen mRNA abundance in all muscles. Gene expressio…

Isometric endurance test of the cervical flexor muscles - Reliability and normative reference values.

2017

Abstract Objective To obtain reference values for the isometric endurance test (IET) of the cervical flexor muscles, investigate its reproducibility, and compare the results with the maximal isometric strength test (MIST) of the cervical flexor muscles. Design Cross-sectional non-comparative study with single group repeated measurements. Methods Altogether 219 healthy females aged 20–59 years volunteered to participate in the study. The IET was performed in the supine position and MIST seated. The reproducibility was evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and an analysis described by Bland and Altman. The relationship between the two measuring methods was evaluated by Pea…

Effects of self-myofascial release: A systematic review.

2015

Summary Background Self-myofascial release (SMFR) is a type of myofascial release performed by the individual themselves rather than by a clinician, typically using a tool. Objectives To review the literature regarding studies exploring acute and chronic clinical effects of SMFR. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched during February 2015 for studies containing words related to the topic of SMFR. Results Acutely, SMFR seems to increase flexibility and reduce muscle soreness but does not impede athletic performance. It may lead to improved arterial function, improved vascular endothelial function, and increased parasympathetic nervous system activity acutely, which could b…

Comparison Of Patient Satisfaction And Compliance With Two Respiratory Muscle Training Programs In The Frail Elderly

2012

Structural and functional features of human muscle-tendon unit.

2006

This paper reviews the architectural details and the in vivo behavior of the human muscle-tendon unit with the focus on the triceps surae and quadriceps femoris muscles. Recent advances in experimental techniques allow in vivo measurements of muscle-tendon architecture and function. In particular, the use of ultrasonography for measurement of tendon and muscle has expanded our knowledge in the last decade. Furthermore, the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is opening up new insights not only for three-dimensional anatomical information but also for examining musculo-skeletal motion in vivo. While these two completely non-invasive methods provide kinematic data, in vivo force measurements s…

''Investigating reduction of dimensionality during single-joint elbow movements: a case study on muscle synergies''

2013

Chiovetto, Enrico | Berret, Bastien | Delis, Ioannis | Panzeri, Stefano | Pozzo, Thierry; International audience; ''A long standing hypothesis in the neuroscience community is that the central nervous system (CNS) generates the muscle activities to accomplish movements by combining a relatively small number of stereotyped patterns of muscle activations, often referred to as" muscle synergies." Different definitions of synergies have been given in the literature. The most well-known are those of synchronous, time-varying and temporal muscle synergies. Each one of them is based on a different mathematical model used to factor some EMG array recordings collected during the execution of variety…

Distinct pattern of Connexin gene expression during skeletal muscle regeneration in the adult rat.

2008

Aim: The aim of present work was to test the hypothesis that Cx37, Cx39, Cx40, Cx43 and Cx45 expression could be regulated in adult regenerating skeletal muscle in response to injury promoting activation of satellite cells involved in myofibers repair and regeneration. Methods: Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry procedures we examined the spatial and temporal expression pattern of above listed connexins in the regenerating gastrocnemious muscle following a mechanical injury. Results: Cx43 and Cx45 mRNA were up-regulated very early, by 3 hour following muscle injury, and were localised in satellite cells, M-cadherin positive cells, distributed around the area of lesion. Thr…

Persistent Tonic Facial Contraction: A Local Brain-Stem Sign

1993

Impairment of facial motility associated with contralateral hemiparesis is characteristic of pontine lesions. In the Millard-Gubler and Foville syndromes, involvement of the facial nerve is nuclear or infranuclear, resulting in a peripheral-type palsy. Conditions of pontine origin showing hyperactivity of facial muscles are facial myokymia and Brissaud’s syndrome. Brissaud and Sicard [4] reported low-frequency phasic cramplike facial contractions and contralateral hemiparesis in inflammatory brain-stem processes.

Facial myokymia and contraction persisting 20 years: a case of pontine glioma.

1994

Analysis and control of the muscle force by electrostimulation

2019

Muscle reconditioning techniques have been developed extensively in these recent years as part of the reeducation of the atrophied muscle, but also to reinforce the healthy muscle of the sedentary or sportive subject. The monitoring of the stimulated muscle by recording the electrical activity and the muscle response is necessary to detect for example the muscle fatigue and/or avoid tissue damage in the case of deconditioned muscle. The aim of this thesis is initially to analyse the muscle response in terms of force produced as response to the electrostimulation (ES). This analysis has allowed us to develop a new force model that can predict the effect of the stimulation amplitude of the cu…